Hydrogeological classification of Water Bearing Formation Dr D

Hydrogeological classification of Water Bearing Formation Dr. D. C. Jhariya Assistant Professor Department of Applied Geology National Institute of Technology, Raipur G. E. Road, Raipur (Chhattisgarh) INDIA 1/4/2022 1

Presentation Outline • Introduction • Porosity and Permeability • Hydrogeological classification of water bearing formation • Bibliography 1/4/2022 2

Introduction • Hydrogeology is a science that studies groundwater, conditions of its occurrence and movement, regularities of distribution in the earth crust, interaction with mountainous rocks, and also conditions and possibilities of their practical use. • Hydrogeology is a geological discipline. Groundwater is studied based on analysis • The hydrogeologically, water bearing formations can be classified on the basis of their hydraulic properties. • The best-known classification is based on rock porosity and permeability. 1/4/2022 3

Porosity and Permeability • Porosity - the percentage of rock that consists of voids or openings. § Volume of empty space in a rock § A rock’s ability to hold water • Permeability - the capacity of a rock to transmit fluid through pores and fractures § Interconnectedness of pore spaces 1/4/2022 4

Hydrogeological classification of water bearing formation S. No. Water bearing formation 1. Aquiclude 2. Aquitard 3. Aquifuge 4. Aquifer 1/4/2022 Properties Porous & impermeable Saturated Water holding but not yielding Clay and shale Porous & Semi-permeable Saturated Only seepage is possible Sandy clay Non-porous & Non-permeable Non-saturated No storage capacity Massive granite and gabbro Porous & Permeable Saturated Water holding and yielding Unconsolidated sedimentary rock such as sandstone. 5

Hydrogeological classification of water bearing formation Aquifer Aquitard Sandy-clay Sandstone Aquifuge Aquiclude Granite Clay 1/4/2022 6

Bibliography 1. Groundwater Hydrology David K. Todd , Larry W. Mays (Authors) 2. Ground Water Assessment, Development and Management K. R. Karanth (Author) 3. Groundwater Indicators D. C. Jhariya (Author) 4. Ground Water H. M. Raghunath (Author) 5. Applied Hydrogeology C. W. Fetter Jr. (Author) 6. Groundwater Hydrology Bhagu R. Chahar. (Author) 7. Groundwater Hydrology: Engineering, Planning, and Management M. Karamouz, A. Ahmadi, M. Akhbari. (Authors) 1/4/2022 7

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