Hydro Byte Software Hydro Expert Decision Support System

Hydro. Byte Software Hydro. Expert Decision Support System Quick Guide to Hydro. Sim XP Simulation Model Version 1. 4 – Revision: 13/07/2012

CONTENT 2 GR Hydro. Expert Ø We will show. . . Version 1. 4 l Reservoir Operation o Goals o Hydro plants o Generation function o Reservoirs o Multi-Reservoir structure o Simulation model and algorithm o Network flow model l DSS Hydro. Expert and Hydro. Sim XP Model l Access to Hydro. Expert © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software

HYDROPLANT MODEL 3 GR Hydro. Expert Ø Main Structures Hydro Plant’s Main Structure Version 1. 4 • • © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software Reservoir Powerhouse Spillway Tailrace channel

RESERVOIR OPERATION 4 GR Hydro. Expert Ø Goals What to do? • Decision = Total Outflows What to satisfy? • Verify all operational constraints Version 1. 4 Any help? © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software • Inflow forecast • Generation scheduling • Units maintenance scheduling

RESERVOIR OPERATION 5 GR Hydro. Expert Ø Hydro Plant Main Variables • zfb: Upstream level • ztr: Downstream level • u : Total outflow • q : Turbine’s release Version 1. 4 • s : Spillage • x : Reservoir volume © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software

RESERVOIR OPERATION 6 GR Hydro. Expert Ø Spillways Maximum Spill Control • smax = f (zfb) • Freeboard • Gates Version 1. 4 • Outlets © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software

RESERVOIR OPERATION 7 GR Hydro. Expert Ø Generation Function u Efficiency (η) u Turbine’s release (q) u Net head (hn) l Forebay level (zfb) l Tailrace level (ztr) Version 1. 4 l Penstock head loss (hp) Horizon influence: © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software long time short time

RESERVOIR OPERATION 8 GR Hydro. Expert Version 1. 4 Ø Net Head (Brazilian tipical example) 4 th degree Polynomials © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software

RESERVOIR OPERATION 9 GR Hydro. Expert Ø Turbine’s Efficiency Version 1. 4 u Hill Curves (η) © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software

RESERVOIR OPERATION 10 GR Hydro. Expert Ø Reservoir’s Mass Balance Account Hydraulic Components Upstream outflow Lateral inflow Reservoir Volume Increase + + Turbine release Spillage Version 1. 4 Multiple use Diversions Net evaporation © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software Decrease + + -

RESERVOIR OPERATION 11 GR Hydro. Expert Ø Reservoir’s Limit Levels • Maximorum • Maximum • Minimum Note Version 1. 4 • maximorum level is a Brazilian specific case. © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software

RESERVOIR OPERATION 12 GR Hydro. Expert Version 1. 4 Ø Simulation Model © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software

RESERVOIR OPERATION 13 GR Hydro. Expert Ø Multi-Reservoir Internal Structure Hydro Scheduling Network Real Cascade Tree Structure Interval 1 . . . 2, T 2 4 Storage Reservoir Plant Run-of-river Reservoir Plant © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software 3 3, 1 4 4, 1 Release 3 . . . 1, 2 1, 1 1 Version 1. 4 Interval T 2, 2 2, 1 2 1 Interval 2 1, T 3, 2 Volume 4, 2 3, T . . . 4, T . . . Temporally Expanded Arborescence (Rosenthal, 1981)

RESERVOIR OPERATION 14 GR Hydro. Expert Version 1. 4 Ø Multi-Reservoir Internal Structure © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software

RESERVOIR OPERATION 15 GR Hydro. Expert Ø Network Flow Model yi, t Version 1. 4 xi, t-1 © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software xi, t evi, t mui, t qi, t si, t The Water Balance Equation is represented as a node into a network flow structure.

RESERVOIR OPERATION 16 GR Hydro. Expert Ø Simulation Algorithm ▪ Decision Making Data Setup given y, x 0, t = 1 Start ▫ the Operational Policy determines controlled discharge and spillage. ▫ water balance ex-ante (optional). Hydro Kernel Water Balance for each i (ex-post ) ▪ Water Balance ex-post ▫ verifies decisions feasibility. Feasible State Version 1. 4 ▫ corrections can be made. © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software No Decision Corrections Yes ▪ Feasible State ▫ always guaranty a new feasible state. Oper. Policy Decision Making (q, s : ex-ante ) t = t+1 Yes t≤T Can be an Autopilot! No End

RESERVOIR OPERATION 17 GR Hydro. Expert Ø Simulation of Multi-Reservoir Operation Version 1. 4 Short Term Planning • Generation scheduling • Gen. units dispatch • Inflow forecasting The desired Generation Scheduling could change in order to satisfy the constraints feasibility. So, a new input can be done and restart the simulation process. © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software Detailed Hydro Simulator • Trajectories (levels & streamflows) • Check constraints feasibility • Check generation scheduling towards inflow forecasting • Efficiency • Reports, charts and analysis

HYDROSIM XP MODEL 18 GR Hydro. Expert Ø Software Version 1. 4 The Hydro. Sim XP simulation module is a multi-reservoir simulation model with multi-purpose constraints representation. © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software The Hydro. Sim XP is part of the Decision Support System called Hydro. Expert Slides: 5 -6

ACCESS TO HYDROEXPERT 19 GR Hydro. Expert Ø www. hydrobyte. com Click on download tab. Version 1. 4 Click on New here? Sign up link. © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software

ACCESS TO HYDROEXPERT 20 GR Hydro. Expert Ø www. hydrobyte. com Fill up a small form and click on Submit button. You will receive a confirmation message. Version 1. 4 An additional step will be necessary to validate your email address. © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software

ACCESS TO HYDROEXPERT 21 GR Hydro. Expert Ø www. hydrobyte. com Check your e-mail inbox and complete the validation. Version 1. 4 See the IMPORTANT STEP. © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software

CONTACT 22 GR Hydro. Expert Ø Contact Us www. hydrobyte. com. br See “Contact” page. Version 1. 4 l © 2012 - Hydro. Byte Software