Hydraulics Photo provided by Schramn Building a career

Hydraulics Photo provided by Schramn Building a career, powering America www. shalenet. org

Hydraulics can be found everywhere in the oilfield, from hydraulic power tongs, to the heavy equipment to the hydraulics top drive assembly Need images of the various uses of hydraulics in the oil field www. shalenet. org

Hydraulics HISTORY Ancient – Medieval era ( 300 B. C to 1600 ‘s) Need images of historical hydraulics

Hydraulics Fluid Power Hydraulics are used for the generation , transmission and control of power by the use of Fluids under pressure. Need video or animation of a hydraulic system in operation www. shalenet. org

Hydraulics 1940’s Sprocket © Copyright Westmoreland County Community College & Pennsylvania College of

Hydraulics 1950’s. © Copyright Westmoreland County Community College & Pennsylvania College of

Hydraulics Rotary Chain Box Low Side Drum Clutch Cathead Air Compressor

Hydraulics © Copyright Westmoreland County Community College & Pennsylvania College of

Hydraulics Modern Drilling Rig © Copyright Westmoreland County Community College & Pennsylvania College of

Hydraulics Electric generators used to power hydraulic pumps. Need image of electrical power skid or house on drilling location

Hydraulics Pumps may be housed on skids to provide hydraulic power to the top drives and hydraulic power tongs. Need image of hydraulic power skid on a drilling location

Hydraulics Manual Tongs Hydraulic Tongs and Pipe Spinner

Hydraulics Hydraulic pumps come in various configurations. Torque Converter © Copyright Westmoreland County Community College & Pennsylvania College of

Hydraulics In addition, the blow-out equipment has changed from manual bull-wheels to hydraulic closing units. Hydraulic Lines to the Accumulator

Hydraulics Hydraulic power to the BOP is provided by electrical motors to hydraulic pumps which power the accumulator. Nitrogen Bottles Primary Valves Hydraulic Pump Pressure Gauges

Hydraulics Reserve Tank Drawworks Motor

Hydraulics Usually, hydraulic pumps are robust and dependable in most environments. However, it should be stressed that contamination is the worst of all repair nightmares seen in the oilfield. Ex. Using a wash bucket to fill a reserve tank that was used earlier to clean parts - could lead to failure of the hydraulic pump by contamination.

Hydraulics When adding hydraulic fluid: Add fluid in such a manner that it runs through fluid filters prior to being used by the pump. A 25 gallon per minute (GPM) pump will circulate approx. 3, 500 pounds of dirt each year if used continually.

Hydraulics When adding hydraulic fluid, con’t: Use a clean bucket, preferably an oil bucket with a spout. Bucket must be checked for cleanliness prior to being be used. Be sure to check that the fluid is the correct type of hydraulic fluid. Motor oil and hydraulic fluid have two different viscosities. If mixed, will blow most seals out of hydraulic pumps.

Hydraulics When adding hydraulic fluid to the reserve tank: Connect the drum pump hose directly to a matched fitting located on the reserve tank to pump direct from drum to tank. Fitting should be located inline with the return filter draining into the reserve tank. Reserve Tank

Hydraulics When selecting/using hydraulic fluid, the following criteria must be used: ü Start viscosity at the minimum ambient temperature ü Maximize the expected operating temperature, which is influenced by the expected maximum ambient temperature ü Pick the optimum viscosity range for the system

Hydraulics üCheck the manufacture’s recommendation for the correct viscosity and operating temperatures. DO NOT trust the hand-outs or read-outs from oil providers. üCheck the manufacturer’s recommendation to select non-detergent or detergent grade fluids.

Hydraulics Temperatures are the killer of most moving parts. ü üAs equipment that requires a lubrication film between the temperature rises the viscosity falls and excess wear will occur. Dirt Clearances will widen as wear from contamination increases-leading to loss of power and equipment failure.

Hydraulics Types of Hydraulic Pumps: The Gear Hydraulic Pump

Hydraulics Gear Pump Actions

Hydraulics The Gear Pump Broken Down © Copyright Westmoreland County Community College & Pennsylvania College of

Hydraulics Gear Pump: commonly used hydraulic pump efficient high pressure/lowvolume © Copyright Westmoreland County Community College & Pennsylvania College of

Hydraulics High pressure/high volume pump Need image of high pressure pump

Hydraulics Hydraulic Circuit for Hydraulic Cylinder Need image of circuit for hydraulic cylinder

Hydraulics Application of hydraulic Need images of hydraulic usage in the field systems in the field. Need images of hydraulic usage in the field

Hydraulics Summary In maintaining the hydraulic systems, here are some things to keep in mind: 1. Change hydraulic oil when recommended by manufacturer. 2. Change hydraulic oil filters when changing hydraulic fluid. 3. Know the operating temperatures on your hydraulic system and the hydraulic oil and keep within manufacturer’s specifications.

Hydraulics 4. Ensure that recommended oil and filters are proper equipment for that application. being used on the 5. Different types of equipment need different types of oil/filters - follow specifications from the equipment manufacturer and not the filter manufacture.

Hydraulics Know your three “R’s” in hydraulic fundamentals: 1. Read and know the viscosities for your equipment. 2. Read and know the ISO ranges for your equipment. 3. Read and know your manufacturer recommended temperature ranges.

Hydraulics By following the recommendations in these slides, the equipment that you are responsible for or may own will last the expected time given by the manufacture. Not knowing the fundamentals for caring for equipment will cost thousands of dollars in equipment failure and lost service life.

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