Hurricanes Chapter 16 Hurricane CrossSection eye wall Hurricane

Hurricanes! (Chapter 16)

Hurricane Cross-Section

eye wall Hurricane Cross-Section eye

Hurricane Katrina’s Eye Wall

Hurricane Katrina Rain Rate Estimates

Hurricane Dora Wind Speed and Direction

Progression of Tropical Events 1. Easterly Wave (Tropical Disturbance) 2. Tropical Depression 3. Tropical Storm 4. Hurricane 10 -25% 50 -60%

Easterly Wave low pressure trough moving east to west

Tropical Storm Hurricane Tropical Disturbance

Regional Hurricane Names and Typical Tracks

Tropical Cyclones and Sea-Surface Temperatures Tropical Cyclone Fixes 80°F Water Temperature June/July August September

Atlantic Hurricane Frequency by Date

Hurricane Georges

Atlantic Basin Hurricane Satellite Loops 2005 season https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=v. B_K e. Km. MOYA (start at 3: 30) 2010 season http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ual 22 z n. KM 10&feature=related (Igor, 2: 40)

Regional Hurricane Names and Typical Tracks H H

GLOBAL TROPICAL CYCLONES 1985– 2005

COASTAL HURRICANE VULNERABILITY > 50 years between landfall < 20 years # years between hurricanes # years between major hurricanes

Damage • Wind • Tornadoes • Flooding Storm Surge

Hurricane Storm Surge

# U. S. Landfalling Hurricanes, 1901– 2013 1935 Florida Keys 1969 Camille (Biloxi) 1992 Andrew (Miami)

% Rainfall (May-Nov) from Tropical Cyclones Knight and Davis, 2007

ANNUAL NUMBER OF NORTH ATLANTIC TROPICAL CYCLONES When do the storm counts become reliable?

Global Hurricanes: 1971– 2017

Hurricane Development Factors • High Water Temperatures • Unstable lower atmosphere Cool up • Moisture convergence at surface Warm L • Lack of vertical wind shear up Wind

Deadliest U. S. Hurricanes, 1880– 2010 (Blake et al. , 2011)

Costliest U. S. Hurricanes 1900– 2017 (Blake et al. , 2011 with updates; damages not inflation-adjusted)

Costliest U. S. Hurricanes 1900– 2017 (Blake et al. , 2011 with updates; adjusted to 2017 dollars)

U. S. Total Losses per Year from Atlantic Tropical Cyclones (1900– 2005) An Upward Trend? (Source: Pielke Jr. , R. , 2006, Oceanography, 19, 138 -147)

Normalized U. S. Losses per Year from Atlantic Tropical Cyclones (1900– 2005) No change when population demographics are properly considered (Source: Pielke Jr. , R. , 2006, Oceanography, 19, 138 -147)