Hundred Years War A hundred years of war

Hundred Years War A hundred years of war? ? NO! Its even longer than that

Causes English Kings held many lands in France, but they had to relinquish their holdings. The English king held one small duchy Gascony- as the Duke of Gascony the English King owed allegiance to the French king as his vassal. Instead of the King of England, Edward III becoming the next inheritor of the French crown; the French crown was passed to Phillip VI This sparked a war almost immediately. Both kings allowed their pursuit of glory cloud their vision. Both were very prideful

Years and Major Battles The Hundred Years War lasted 126 years 1337 -1453 Battle of Crecy: Phillip’s army easily defeated by English Archers (England did not have the army to control all of France so outcome did not matter. The French had to think of a way to beat the archers. ) Battle of Poitiers: 1356 The Black Prince defeated and captured the King of France Truce for short time: French gave English control of all lands captured during the war

Years and Major Battles Renewed fighting when Charles V decided to take back the French Lands 1374: French owned all the land they had lost in war 20 year truce: 1396 -1415 Battle of Agincourt: Henry V and his English army easily defeated the French. It was very embarrassing. Almost every French knight died in this battle. Joan of Arc: Turned the war around. Charles the Dauphin was on the verge of losing all of France

Terms Aquitaine - a province in France where England held land, trigger of the Hundred Years' War Longbow - powerful weapon; 6 feet long; essential to the victory of the English in the Hundred Years' War; it could shoot three arrows in the time a French archer could shoot one Charismatic - having the rare personal quality of attracting the loyalty and devotion of a large following of people Black death – the bubonic plague that killed nearly 2/3 of the population of both England France Knight - a mounted warrior, nobles trained since childhood (7 yrs) for combat.

Terms Medieval - from the Latin “Middle Ages, ” a new civilization that blended Greco-Roman, Germanic, and Christian traditions. Feudalism - a loosely organized system of rule in which powerful local lords divided their landholdings among lesser lords in exchange for service. Vassals - a lesser lord who pledged service to a powerful lord in exchange for landholdings. Feudal Contract -the exchange of pledges was a custom between lords & vassals. Fief - an estate given to a vassal, ranging from a few acres to hundreds of square miles.

Major Players Henry III – Duke of Gascony and King of England Edward III – led English at start of war Phillip VI – claimed French throne over Edward III The Black Prince – Edward’s brilliant commander and son: His name: Edward, Prince of Wales. Joan of Arc – Peasant woman from Southern France. She claimed to be divinely inspired to free France. Henry VI – the English king at the end of the war Charles V – Reignited the war when he tried to back former French lands.

The Outcomes Overall, land holds bounced back and forth with huge casualties on both sides. However, by the end of the war, the English lost Gascony. English only held a small town called: Calais The war had not accomplished much in the 126 years.

Joan of Arc Peasant from Orleans Divinely inspired by God to save France Commonly called the Maid of Orleans She rode into battle wearing full suit of armor Captured by the English in 1430 Accused of witchcraft Burned for being in league with the “prince of darkness” Exonerated 25 years after her death

England v. France England Small army with very capable leaders Archers very capable French Incapable leaders Little tactics planning War proved to be devastating for French until the 1430 s

Activity We are going to debate start of the war. The room will be split in two. Take 10 minutes to make an argument proving why your side was in the right. England: Did you really deserve French throne? France: Did you think you could control the English Kings land in France? Who was in the right when the war started? I’ll be the judge. Convince me your side was right

Homework Please write a page long story about “your” experience in the 100 Years War