Humans Develop Wings Dec 1903 Orville and Wilbur

Humans Develop Wings • Dec. 1903; Orville and Wilbur Wright • First “flight”; 12 seconds, 120 ft. • Kitty Hawk, NC • Led to use in war, mail delivery, eventually passenger service

Charles Lindbergh • 1 st to fly non stop solo across the Atlantic

Amelia Earhart • 1 st female to solo Atlantic • Disappeared in the 1930 s trying to fly around the world

Impact • • Planes make world even smaller Another industry to help economy Impact on war………WW 2 Another death blow to RR’s

The Radio Revolution During the 1920 s, the radio went from being a littleknown novelty to being standard equipment in every American home. • In October 1920, Westinghouse started KDKA, the first radio station. • By 1922 the U. S. had 570 stations. • Technical improvements in sound and size helped popularity. • Americans now had a shared experience.

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Hollywood’s Filmland Fantasies • 1903 The Great Train Robbery • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=zuto 7 q Wrplc • 1915 D. W. Griffith’s Birth of Nation………. glorified KKK, pro South view of American History (Wilson loved it!) • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=i. Eznh 2 JZ vr. I

The Dynamic Decade • Americans more urban • More women in workplace, college • Flappers show their independence

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Rebel with a cause: birth control, abortion (Margaret Sanger) • Motivated by watching her mother die at a young age after giving birth to 11 kids and having 7 miscarriages • Also watching hundreds of women suffer and die from botched abortions in NY city

Arrested and harassed • • • On the negative side… • She did support eugenics for the disabled and “unfit” She wrote and lectured about birth control (she coined the term), abortion, and sex • She also believed lighter education skin races were superior to darker ones At one point she fled to England rather The Comstock Laws: on the books since 1873……. . defined contraceptives as obscene and illicit, making it a federal offense to disseminate birth control through the mail or across state lines. than be arrested • She started what became known as Planned Parenthood

• • • Margaret Sanger (1879– 1966) in Boston, 1929 Forbidden to speak on the inflammatory topic of birth control, a defiant Sanger covered her mouth and “lectured” in Boston by writing on a blackboard. Since 1912 Sanger had devoted herself to promoting birth control and establishing contraceptive clinics throughout the United States. p 716

Louis Armstrong An explosion in the popularity of jazz music gave the decade another nickname — the Jazz Age. Another innovation in the 1920’s was jazz. Born in New Orleans, jazz combined West African rhythms. Louis Armstrong was one of the brilliant young African American musicians who helped created jazz 16

Duke Ellington and his orchestra W. E. B. Du Bois was a famous writer of the Harlem Renaissance In the 1920’s, large numbers of African American musicians, artists , and writers settled in Harlem. This period of time became known as the Harlem Renaissance. During the Harlem Renaissance young black artists celebrated their African and American heritage. 17

Langston Hughes was the best known poet of the Harlem Renaissance. He published his first poem, The Negro Speaks of Rivers. Langston Hughes 18

Black Nationalism • Led by Marcus Garvey • Express pride in Black culture • Build our own businesses and communities • Founded United Negro Improvement Assoc to resettle blacks to Africa

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XIV. Cultural Liberation • As old generation of writers passes • Modernism takes hold; questioning tradition and social conventions • H. L. Mencken’s columns in the Baltimore Sun attacked: • Marriage • Patriotism • Democracy • Prohibition • Rotarians • Puritanism • Etc……. .

“Lost Generation” • F. Scott Fitzgerald • This Side of Paradise 1920 “Bible” for young • The Great Gatsby 1925 • Exposes the illusion of self made man in America

Ernest Hemingway • The Sun Also Rises • A Farewell to Arms • The Old Man and the Sea • E. E. Cummings, Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound, T. S. Eliot

Don’t forget Freud’s influence • Freud’s writings encouraged people to liberate and gratify self to be healthy • Sexuality is not something to hide • Boys love their mommies! • Girls love their daddies!

New directions in Art Georgia O’Keefe

Wall Street’s Big Bull Market • Gov’t lowers taxes for the rich during the 1920’s……. . trickle down theory • Speculators continue to buy on margin… • Looks as though everyone is making big bucks.

• Calvin Coolidge Presides over the “Jazz Age” • Coolidge’s hands-off policies were sweet music • to big business. p 725