Human Values Indian Values Religions in India CSR

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Human Values, Indian Values & Religions in India CSR 401 Central University of Himachal

Human Values, Indian Values & Religions in India CSR 401 Central University of Himachal Pradesh Puneet Sood

Indian Value System §What is Indian Value system? (Core Human Values preached in India)

Indian Value System §What is Indian Value system? (Core Human Values preached in India) §How these values originated? ( Origin of these) §How these values propagated? (Inculcation of core values, ways and means) §How Indian values propagate the basic core values of humanity? (Kautilya, Rama, Krishna, Gandhi, Sri Sai, Vivekananda , Epics, Religious teachings , Cases)

Indian Value System-continued • Samskaras • Epics • Consciousness • Bhagavad-Gita and its Values

Indian Value System-continued • Samskaras • Epics • Consciousness • Bhagavad-Gita and its Values • Festivals, Celebrations and Indian values • Ancient Text • Yoga • Gunas • Margas

Samskaras §By developing Samskaras in individual and society, one can strengthen the values §There

Samskaras §By developing Samskaras in individual and society, one can strengthen the values §There are Shodasha (Sixteen Samskaras) § 15 of them are performed during life time and 16 th is after demise. § 15 are performed at various stages like Brahmcharya, Grihastha, Vanprastha and Sanyasa i. e. §Student, family, Forest and Renunciation

Epics §Like Ramayana and Mahabharata §Give examples How basic core values are preached and

Epics §Like Ramayana and Mahabharata §Give examples How basic core values are preached and prevailed at that time through ethics and values (peripheral) followed at that time. §What could be the message to society and mankind about value system?

Consciousness §Five senses are genesis of knowledge: §Sight, hearing, touch , taste and smell

Consciousness §Five senses are genesis of knowledge: §Sight, hearing, touch , taste and smell §Also it can also cause diversity and can be controlled through Samskaras. §Also it gives rise to various levels of consciousness of every living being viz. §Sthula Sarira (Awakened state, with physical body) §Sukshma Sarira (Dream State) §Sushupt Sarira (Deep sleep state) §Realization, Bliss (Pure Consciousness of soul, aspirer, aspiration and process to achieve aspiration converging into one)

Sri Bhagvad-Gita and its values § 26 values enshrined in Sri Bhagvad-Gita §Fearlessness, Purity

Sri Bhagvad-Gita and its values § 26 values enshrined in Sri Bhagvad-Gita §Fearlessness, Purity of heart, Steadfastness in yoga of knowledge, Philanthropy(Dana), Control of senses, Sacrifice, Study of Shastras, Austerity/ Yagna, Straightforwardness, Harmlessness, Truth, Absence of anger, Renunciation, Peacefulness, Absence of crookedness, Compassions, Uncovetousness(Desire for others’ belongings), Gentleness, Modesty(reserve , humility, non boasting), Absence of fickleness, Vigour, Forgiveness, Fortitude(Courage)), Purity, Absence of Hatred, Absence of pride

Festivals and Celebrations §Diwali, §How Dussehra, Holi, Navratri, Ramzan, Moharram, Eid, X-mas they propagate

Festivals and Celebrations §Diwali, §How Dussehra, Holi, Navratri, Ramzan, Moharram, Eid, X-mas they propagate the core values or Indian values for benefit of society and living beings.

Qualities/Gunas and values §Individual could be descibed with three qualities or gunas and the

Qualities/Gunas and values §Individual could be descibed with three qualities or gunas and the values provided by these: Sattva §Rajas §Tamas §

Margas and values §Individual could be described with four different Maragas to inculcate Samskaras

Margas and values §Individual could be described with four different Maragas to inculcate Samskaras and values as suggested by Rishi Patanjali in science of Yoga viz §Jnana Marga (Intellectual route) §Bhakthi §Karma §Raja Marga (Route of Devotion) Marga ( route of activity) yoga (Level of Concepts)

Margas and values-Rajyoga §To get blissfulness and realization and through Indian values, according to

Margas and values-Rajyoga §To get blissfulness and realization and through Indian values, according to this marga, concepts are §Yama (Abstinence, Self restraint, Self discipline) §Niyama (observance of rules) §Asanas (Physical postures) §Pranayams (breath control) §Pratyahara (Withdrawal of senses from ext world) §Dharana (Holding of mind steadfastly) §Dhyana (Meditation) §Samadhi (Absorption)

Ancient texts and Values §Darsanas (Vedas, Upanishads), Epics, Smruthis, Kavyas, §Vedas: four (Composed by

Ancient texts and Values §Darsanas (Vedas, Upanishads), Epics, Smruthis, Kavyas, §Vedas: four (Composed by Ved Vyas Rishi) viz §RG, Yajur, Atharva, Sama §Devided in two parts §Karma kandas (Work, Rituals, Hymns, Mantras, Brahmins), Jnana kandas (Knowledge) §Upanishds(Vedantha): §In (1180) RG- 21 §Yajur- 109 §Sama-1000 §Atharva-50 §Smruthis: Related to spiritual truths and deals with socially relevent matters eg Gita, Ramayana, Manusmruthi, Puranas etc.

Five Human Values at Work or otherwise (HVW) focuses on how you can work

Five Human Values at Work or otherwise (HVW) focuses on how you can work in accord with your own spiritual view of life and five Human Values that are found cross-culturally in all spiritual traditions: n Truth n Righteousness n Peace n Love n Non-violence

HVW offers these learning opportunities n n Identify your spiritual view of life, from

HVW offers these learning opportunities n n Identify your spiritual view of life, from which you work and grow your career and life Expand unfold your natural ability to express each Human Value at work Integrate what you think, say and do in accord with your spiritual view of life and the Human Values Make your work an arena for spiritual growth, and to apply that growth at work

This programme draws from… n Spiritual texts found throughout the world, such as: n

This programme draws from… n Spiritual texts found throughout the world, such as: n the Judeo-Christian Bible n the Hindu Baghavad Gita n the Islamic Koran n the Buddhist Dhammapada

Inspired by the universal teachings of Sathya Sai Baba n n n n We

Inspired by the universal teachings of Sathya Sai Baba n n n n We are spiritual beings first and foremost. Divinity is the very core of our humanity. Spiritual values are Human Values. All spiritual traditions share five Human Values. The spiritual essence of the Human Values is that “Divinity resides in all creation. ” An indicator of spiritual growth is purity and unity of thought, word and deed. The workplace is an important arena for spiritual growth and selfless service.

“We are all spiritual beings…” “We are all spiritual beings, composed of minds, bodies,

“We are all spiritual beings…” “We are all spiritual beings, composed of minds, bodies, and a spiritual side. To unleash the whole capability of the individual — mind, body, and spirit — gives enormous power to the organisation. It truly empowers members of the organisation to devote their entire beings to the ultimate purpose for which the organisation exists, which is to serve others. ” William George, Chairman of Medtronic Inc. , the world’s largest producer of medical electronics

“Man is a Divine spark…” “If man is valued at his true worth, and

“Man is a Divine spark…” “If man is valued at his true worth, and treated as a Divine Spark enclosed in the body, then he will rise into new heights of achievement and produce all the necessities of life in profusion. He will not grab or cheat; he will be a good worker, a pure person, and a sincere spiritual aspirant. ” (Sathya Sai Baba, 5 Jan, 1975)

Spirituality gives a new perspective n n n Appreciating the “gift” of the situation

Spirituality gives a new perspective n n n Appreciating the “gift” of the situation Broadening time horizons Having no attachment to a particular outcome Rising above dualities and paradoxes Exercising wise, heartful discernment

self-inquiry: Human Values are Spiritual Values n n n Drawing from my spiritual theme,

self-inquiry: Human Values are Spiritual Values n n n Drawing from my spiritual theme, how would I describe my own personal spiritual values? Who are some people I know who have expressed the Human Values in their work? What is a current situation that I find challenging in my work? Based on my spiritual theme, what would “success” look like in this situation? How could I express one or more of the Human Values to successfully meet this challenge?

Why “Human” Values? n…to remind us that they are inherent in our nature “Human

Why “Human” Values? n…to remind us that they are inherent in our nature “Human Values – Truth, Righteousness, Peace, Love, and Non-violence – are hidden in every human being. One cannot acquire them from the outside; they have to be elicited from within. These five values are the fundamental powers of human life. ” (Sathya Sai Baba, 26 Sept, 2000)

“Divinity in All” is the Basis The Human Values represent humanity at its fullest

“Divinity in All” is the Basis The Human Values represent humanity at its fullest and each one has a spiritual essence based on the principle that Divinity resides in all of creation.

Spiritual Essence of Human Values n n n Truth is recognising the unchanging, essential

Spiritual Essence of Human Values n n n Truth is recognising the unchanging, essential nature of Divinity in oneself and all creation Righteousness is living in accord with the Divinity in oneself and all creation Peace is dwelling in the bliss of Divinity in oneself and all creation Love is experiencing the oneness of Divinity in oneself and all creation Non-violence is regarding and treating everyone and everything in creation as Divinity

Cross-Cultural Expressions n Cross-cultural expressions of the Human Values are found across all cultures

Cross-Cultural Expressions n Cross-cultural expressions of the Human Values are found across all cultures and societies, though we may have variations and different emphases depending on the society we were born in and the experiences we’ve had in life.

Cross-Cultural Expressions: n n n Truth – honesty, intuition, discrimination, integrity, knowledge, objectivity, and

Cross-Cultural Expressions: n n n Truth – honesty, intuition, discrimination, integrity, knowledge, objectivity, and more… Righteousness– conscience, morality, discipline, healthy living, responsibility, trust, and more… Peace – faith, contentment, patience, inner-silence, concentration, self-confidence, and more… Love – friendship, compassion, empathy, devotion, kindness, forgiveness, and more… Non-violence – ethics, harmony, tolerance, broadmindedness, courage, fairness, and more…

Individual Expressions n Individual expressions of the Human Values reflect the attitudes and motivations

Individual Expressions n Individual expressions of the Human Values reflect the attitudes and motivations that underlie our unique personalities and behaviour.

Benefits of the Human Values at Work n n n Truth fosters trust and

Benefits of the Human Values at Work n n n Truth fosters trust and open, honest communications Righteousness fosters high quality work and keeping of agreements Peace fosters creative and wise decisions, and a focus on resolving issues rather than blaming Love fosters service based on sincere caring for others' well-being Non-violence fosters win-win collaboration, with respect for people and the environment

Practices of the Human Values at Work and in General n n n Truth

Practices of the Human Values at Work and in General n n n Truth – speaking honestly with employees and customers; speaking openly and caringly rather than behind someone’s back Righteousness – conducting business with fair prices and ethical practices; keeping agreements with all stakeholders; taking responsibility for problems, rather than making excuses Peace – practicing equanimity, even in crises or loss; seeing yourself as the source of your emotional reactions, rather than the victim of others’ behaviour

Indian Values or Core Human Values In different Religions of India The following 6

Indian Values or Core Human Values In different Religions of India The following 6 slides show the Human Values using quotes from the sacred texts of 6 different religions

Buddhism (Dhammapada, Chapter 26) Him I call a Brahmin… n …who has truth and

Buddhism (Dhammapada, Chapter 26) Him I call a Brahmin… n …who has truth and love for all life (Truth) n …who never asks what life can give, but only what he can give to life (Righteousness) n …who is never angry… and is free from the chain of fear (Peace) n n …who has the power of love no army can defeat (Love) …who has renounced violence towards all creatures (Nonviolence)

Christianity (Gospels in the Bible) n n n The truth shall make you free

Christianity (Gospels in the Bible) n n n The truth shall make you free (Truth) Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness (Righteousness) Peace be with you (Peace) Love one another (Love) Love your enemies (Non-violence)

Confucianism / Taoism n He who knows the truth is not equal to him

Confucianism / Taoism n He who knows the truth is not equal to him who loves it. (Truth) n (various sources) Confucianism The man of honour thinks of his character; the inferior man thinks of his position. (Righteousness) Confucianism n To a mind that is “still”, the whole universe surrenders. (Peace) n n Taoism Love the world as your self; then you can care for all things. (Love) Taoism All men have a mind which cannot bear to see the suffering of others. (Non-violence) Confucianism

Hinduism (Baghavad Gita Ch. 16) n n n Be sincere and truthful (Truth) Give

Hinduism (Baghavad Gita Ch. 16) n n n Be sincere and truthful (Truth) Give freely and control the senses (Righteousness) Be fearless and equanimous (Peace) Be loving, and show goodwill to all (Love) Don’t harm any living creature and don’t slander (Non-violence)

Islam (Hadith – Sayings of Muhammed) n n Speak the truth (Truth) Perform what

Islam (Hadith – Sayings of Muhammed) n n Speak the truth (Truth) Perform what you promise (Righteousness) Keep your heart free from malice towards anyone (Peace) Do you love your Creator? Love your fellow-beings first (Love) n Withhold your hand from striking (Non-violence)

Judaism (Book of Proverbs, Bible) n n n They love him who speaks what

Judaism (Book of Proverbs, Bible) n n n They love him who speaks what is right (Truth) The righteous man walks in his integrity (Righteousness) A man of understanding is of a calm spirit (Peace) What is desired in a man is kindness (Love) If your enemy is hungry, give him bread to eat (Non-violence)

Truth n n n Buddhism – “Him I call a Brahmin who has truth

Truth n n n Buddhism – “Him I call a Brahmin who has truth and love for all life” Christianity – “The truth shall make you free” Hinduism – “Be sincere and truthful” Islam – “Speak the truth” Judaism – “They love him who speaks what is right” Taoism/Confucianism – He who knows the truth is not equal to him who loves it. Confucianism

Righteousness n n n Buddhism – “Him I call a Brahmin who never asks

Righteousness n n n Buddhism – “Him I call a Brahmin who never asks what life can give, but only what he can give to life” Christianity – “Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness” Hinduism – “Give freely and control the senses” Islam – “Perform what you promise” Judaism – “The righteous man walks in his integrity” Taoism/Confucianism – The man of honour thinks of his character; the inferior man thinks of his position. Confucianism

Peace n n n Buddhism – “Him I call a Brahmin who is never

Peace n n n Buddhism – “Him I call a Brahmin who is never angry… and is free from the chain of fear” Christianity – “Peace be with you” Hinduism – “Be fearless and equanimous” Islam – “Keep your heart free from malice towards anyone” Judaism – “A man of understanding is of a calm spirit” Taoism/Confucianism – To a mind that is “still”, the whole universe surrenders. Taoism

Love n n n Buddhism – “Him I call a Brahmin who has the

Love n n n Buddhism – “Him I call a Brahmin who has the power of love no army can defeat” Christianity – “Love one another” Hinduism – “Be loving, and show goodwill to all” Islam – “Do you love your Creator? Love your fellowbeings first” Judaism – “What is desired in a man is kindness” Taoism/Confucianism – Love the world as your self; then you can care for all things. Taoism

Non-violence n n n Buddhism – “Him I call a Brahmin who has renounced

Non-violence n n n Buddhism – “Him I call a Brahmin who has renounced violence towards all creatures” Christianity – “Love your enemies” Hinduism – “Don’t harm any living creature and don’t slander” Islam – “Withhold your hand from striking” Judaism – “If your enemy is hungry, give him bread to eat” Taoism/Confucianism – All men have a mind which cannot bear to see the suffering of others. Confucianism

Basics of Religions- Buddhism n n It speaks about: Middle Path of self-discipline having

Basics of Religions- Buddhism n n It speaks about: Middle Path of self-discipline having eight fold concepts: n n n n Right understanding Right aspiration Right speech Right conduct Right vocation Right effort Right mindfulness Right concentration

Basics of Religions- Christianity n n It speaks about: Sacrifice and service as: n

Basics of Religions- Christianity n n It speaks about: Sacrifice and service as: n n n Religion as pure worship Highest respect to those who gives up the most and serve others Peace among men is highest blessing Humility, Charity, Self-denial , Forgiveness and Peace Try to perfect like God and to achieve this practice his attributes.

Basics of Religions- Islam n n It speaks about: Submission and universal brotherhood as:

Basics of Religions- Islam n n It speaks about: Submission and universal brotherhood as: n Islam means submission to the will of God. It is religion of self surrender and following the commands of God. It is religion of service.

Basics of Religions- Hinduism n n It speaks about: Spirituality and devotion or Karma:

Basics of Religions- Hinduism n n It speaks about: Spirituality and devotion or Karma: n n Jainism (Ahimsa). Ahimsa Parmodharma Sikhism ( God is one) Eik Omkar

Thanks a lot and we will talk about harmony among living beings next.

Thanks a lot and we will talk about harmony among living beings next.