Human Geography Chapter 2 Overpopulation Over population l

Human Geography Chapter 2 Overpopulation

Over population l Overpopulation: occurs when the number of people in a region is too great to be supported by the natural resources. l Optimum population is the number of people who can have a high standard of living in a region using resources and technology that are available to them at any time. l Under population when there are too few people living in a region to exploit the resources of that region, e. g. Western Australia

Population l Population Density world Map:

Population l USA Population for year 2000:

Over population l Carrying Capacity is the number of people that an area can support, taking into account the quality of the natural environment and the level of technology of the population.

- The impact of rural to urban migration on rural areas: 1. Population decline 2. Decline in services 3. Male/female imbalance The dependency ratio of Co Leitrim in 2011 was 57. 3%. Can you explain that?

Population Growth Developing Countries The impact of population growth on development: l Developing countries: It is an opportunity and a challenge. Several East Asian countries used their young population and focused on labour-intensive industries. These countries have become known as newly industrialised countries – Taiwan, Singapore l A challenge for population growth in developing countries is up to one-third of their population is aged under 15, a high youth dependency ratio. l There is high unemployment as there is not enough jobs for the people l

Population Growth Developed Countries l Australia and Canada are short of workers in the mining and engineering sectors. l These countries need population growth to help develop there mineral resources. l Inward migration is encouraged and a lot of Irish have emigrated to help fill these jobs.

Population Growth Developed Countries l l l l Japan, Italy, Germany and Britain have aging populations – Stages 4 & 5 of the demographic transition model. Death rates are higher than birth rates Today more than 18% of the population is aged 65 and over in many EU countries. This has the following implications: The state has a high pension bill Older people spend less on consumer goods Health care of the elderly is expensive A shortage of workers in the economically active age means that inward migration is necessary.