Human features of Europe What is a human

Human features of Europe

What is a human feature? Discuss with somebody at home what a human feature is. Here are some clues: A human feature is something which has been built by humans. It is something man-made.

What is a Landmark? A landmark is an important building or monument. Often, a building that is important in history that is protected by the government. Can you think of any examples of landmarks? Discuss it with someone at home.

We can recognise European landmarks by: • Who-was there a significant figure who built the landmark? • What- what materials were used to create the landmark? • When- when was the landmark built? • Where- location of the landmark- city, country • Why- why was this landmark built, what is the purpose? Go through the following slides, can you work out what the landmark is before looking at the picture on the next slide? Use a google maps to help you if you can.

What am I? • Who- built by Gustave Eiffel • What- made of exposed iron • When-built from 1887 -1889 • Where- Paris, France • Why- built as an attraction for the World’s Fair held in Paris in 1889 • with three levels, is 984 feet high, the first level is a restaurant still in use today!

The Eiffel Tower!

Can you find it on the map?

What am I? • Who- wealthy woman named Berta di Bernado • What- the interior is made of limestone and mortar, with the exterior being covered in marble • When- 1173 -1350 (there were many wars that interrupted the project) • Where- Pisa, Italy • Why- It is a bell tower to accompany the cathedral that it stands next to. • It leans because the soil is sand clay and can’t support the weight of the building.

Tower of Pisa or ‘Torre di Pisa’

Can you find it on the map?

What am I? • Who- East German government and soldiers • What- built of concrete, it was 12 feet high and 120 miles long • When- built in 1961 • Where- through the city of Berlin, Germany • Why- after WWII, the city of Berlin was shared by allied and Soviet forces; because the German government was so strict, people tried to leave all the time and a wall was built to stop this. • This wall came down in 1991 when the Soviet Union broke up. There is now a memorial for this landmark.

The Berlin Wall

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What am I? • Who- Charles Barry • What- made of masonry stone with an iron framework • When- 1854 -1856 • Where- London, England • Why- It was built as a grand addition to the Palace of Westminster, and to keep time for the people. • The inscription beneath the dials reads 'DOMINE SALVAM FAC REGINAM NOSTRAM VICTORIAM PRIMAM' which means 'Lord save our Queen Victoria I'.

Big Ben

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What am I? • Who- King Ludwig II • What- built of stone in a Romanesque architectural style • When- 1869 -1892 • Where- Bavaria, Germany • Why- The castle was built to be a private home for the King, in the most scenic part of Germany. • This castle was the model for Walt Disney’s fairy tale castle in Disney World.

Neuschwanstein Castle

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What am I? • Who- possibly the Druids, a group of Celtic priests, or more likely neolithic, ancient people • What- wood and bluestone igneous rock, and sandstone • When- 3000 -1000 B. C. • Where- southwestern England • Why- not fully known, possibly a calendar, possibly a sacred place of worship.

Stonehenge

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What am I? • Who- Ivan the Terrible • What- made up of 9 individual chapels, made of red brick with the common “onion dome” design • When- 1555 -1561 • Where- Red Square in Moscow, Russia • Why- built to commemorate Ivan the Terrible's successful military campaign against the Tartar Mongols in 1552

St. Basil’s Cathedral

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What am I? • Who- Roman Emperor Vespasian, and his son Titus • What- stones and concrete bricks, finished with marble stone • When- A. D. 69 -79 • Where- Rome, Italy • Why- built as an amphitheater which showcased plays, celebrations and is most known for its gladiator fights.

The Colosseum

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What am I? • Who- Napoleon Bonaparte • What- stone and marble • When- 1833 -1836 • Where- Paris, France • Why- it was built to honor and commemorate the great and successful army of Napoleon • It now serves as a symbol of unity • 12 streets radiate out from this point • France’s “Tomb of the Unknown Soldier” is here

Arc de Triomphe

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What am i? • Who- Horace Jones • What- stone bearing masonry and iron • Where- London, England • When- 1886 -1894 • Why- serves as a bridge over the Thames River • this is actually a drawbridge that opens to allow ships to pass through

London Tower Bridge

London Tower Bridge

What am I? • Who: Built by Athenians in Greece • What: Constructed in Doric Style using Marble Considered the finest example of Greek architecture. • When: Completed 432 B. C. • Where: The Acropolis, Greece • Why: A temple for the Goddess Athena.

The Parthenon/ Acropolis

Can you find it on the map?