HUMAN DISEASE http www ncbi nlm nih govpubme

HUMAN DISEASE http: //www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubme dhealth/s/diseases_and_conditions/ a/

MEDICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY • Seeks to – Understand human health and disease – Use biotechnologies to prevent, diagnose, treat/cure disease and its recurrence

HUMAN DISEASE • Acute – Structural such as gallstones – Infectious such as pneumonia • Chronic – stable (stays the same) – Progressive, gets worse and sometimes negatively affects other areas of the body – Some do both in different people

HUMAN DISEASE • Genetic – Down’s syndrome • Behavioral – smoking causes lung cancer

HUMAN DISEASE: Classified by impacted organ, tissue or cellular system • • Cardiovascular Pulmonary Renal Gastrointestinal Liver and biliary system Hematologic Metabolic Endocrine

HUMAN DISEASE: Classified by impacted organ, tissue or cellular system • • Women’s and Men’s health oncologic Bone and bone mineral metabolism Musculoskeletal and connective tissue Neurologic Infectious Aging Substance abuse

http: //www. ivyrose. co. uk/Revise/Anatomy. Physiology/index. php http: //www. nccpa. net/Exams. Content. BPOrgans. aspx

CASE STUDY HEPATITIS C VIRUS • Infection of the liver leading to inflammation • Some(15%) people recover from infection; most become chronic carriers • Most infections are asymptomatic for about 20 years • Complicated disease process that progresses but not in all patients • Immune response and genome (HLA) impact outcome • Liver cancer • Liver failure NORMAL FIBROTIC CIRRHOTIC

CASE STUDY – DOWN SYNDROME • Genetic defect – 3 copies of chromosome 21 occurs early in embryo development; = error in cell division • Identified prenatally • Causes problems with the way the body and brain develop • Most common chromosomal defect

CASE STUDY – DOWN SYNDROME • Mild to severe in terms of physical appearance as well as mental and social development • low muscle tone, small stature, an upward slant to the eyes, and a single deep crease across the center of the palm

CASE STUDY - BEHAVIORAL • Lung cancer because of smoking • Liver disease because of alcohol abuse

CASE STUDY – MYASTHENIA GRAVIS • Acquired autoimmune disorder that lessens transmission across neuromuscular junctions weakening muscle responses – Autoantibodies to acetylcholine receptor (ACh. R )block binding of Ach • Weakens voluntary skeletal or ocular muscles • Loss of facial expression, muscle fatigue, droopy eyelids • Female to male ration = 6: 4