Human Body Systems Group 3 Homeostasis THE EXCRETORY

Human Body Systems Group #3 - Homeostasis THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

The Excretory System - Functions • Metabolism is all of the chemical activities that help the organism survive • The body needs to balance water, salt, and other chemicals to maintain the functions of all systems • Wastes are generated through metabolism (chemical reactions) • Excretion gets rids of the wastes

The Excretory System - Structures • Cells – nephrons filter the blood • Tissues - epithelial & muscular tissue • Organs • kidneys – are made of nephrons filter the blood • bladder – stores urine • large intestine – digestive wastes • lungs – exhale carbon dioxide & water • skin – sweat releases water, salt & chemicals

The Excretory System - Interactions • Urinary System filters the blood and releases liquid wastes (urine) • Digestive System • collects undigested materials and releases them as solid wastes (feces) • Respiratory System • collects and releases carbon dioxide and water • Integumentary System (Skin) • releases wastes through sweating (salt, water & other chemicals)

The Excretory System - Interactions • Cardiovascular System (Circulatory System) • blood carries wastes to locations of disposal • For example… • carbon dioxide is carried back to the lungs for exhaling • blood is pumped to the kidneys for filtering

The Lymphatic System - Functions • Provides protection from pathogens (germs and other foreign substances that enter/invade the body) • Transport wastes through fluids OUTSIDE of the circulatory system (a clear fluid, not blood) • Controlled by movements of the skeletal muscles

The Lymphatic System - Structures • Cells – white blood cells • Tissues – connective tissue • Organs • lymph nodes such as tonsils, spleen, adenoids, thymus

The Lymphatic System - Interactions • Skeletal & Muscular Systems • voluntary movement causes lymph to circulate • Digestive System • spleen captures and destroys pathogens • Respiratory • tonsils capture and destroy pathogens

The Lymphatic System - Interactions • Excretory System • helps get rid of wastes • Immune System • white blood cells fight pathogens • Nervous & Senses • helps to move cerebrospinal fluid • Endocrine • thymus glands produce T-cells that help fight disease

The Immune System – Functions • Protects the body against invaders/pathogens such as… • viruses • bacteria • parasites • fungi • Produces antibodies • to fights pathogens now • to recognize pathogens in the future

The Immune System – Structures • Cells – white blood cells • Tissues – epithelial and connective tissue • Organs - blood vessels and lymph nodes

The Immune System – Interactions • Skeletal – bone marrow produces white blood cells • Muscular - voluntary movement causes lymph to circulate • Integumentary (Skin) – skin blocks pathogens from entering body • Digestion – hydrochloric acid in the stomach kills bacteria in food • Respiratory • cilia and mucus trap pathogens • sneezing and coughing expel pathogens from body • Cardiovascular – transport white blood cells to the immune system

The Immune System – Interactions • Excretory – helps get rid of wastes • Lymphatic – thymus and spleen produce white blood cells • Nervous - cerebrospinal fluid helps protect the brain • Endocrine – gland control release of hormones that trigger immune responses