HUMAN BLOOD R B C Red blood cells

HUMAN BLOOD

R. B. C Red blood cells contain a special protein called hemoglobin, which contains iron and carries the oxygen to the body n Hemoglobin also makes red blood cells red. n We have so many red cells that our blood itself appears red, even though it contains more than red blood cells. n

Inheritance of Blood Types

Discovery of Blood Typing Dr. Karl Landsteiner • First to discover blood types (1900) • Observed blood transfusions: the transfer of blood from one to another. • Noticed that the blood of the donor would clump/clot with that of the patient (Agglutination)

The Four Classic Blood Types ____ A ____ B ____ AB ____ O The difference in blood types is caused by different proteins found of the surface of the red blood cells known as Antigen A and Antigen B.

The Four Classic Blood Types Antigen _____: substance that can trigger the production of antibodies. Antibodies _______: proteins produced by the immune system that destroy foreign substances (such as antigens).

Blood Types: Antigen(s) on RBC Antibodies produced Can donate blood to: Can receive blood from: Genotypes: A Antigen A Anti B B Antigen B Anti A AB Antigens A&B NONE AB ALL IAIB O Neither Anti A&B ALL O ii A AB A O IAIA IAi B AB B O IBIB IBi

Rh Factor in Blood • The Rh factor is another protein factor on the Red Blood Cells • The term Rh comes from the type of monkeys used to test for this factor originally, Rhesus Monkeys

Rh Factor Statistics • 85% of people have Rh present on their red blood cells. Their blood is referred to as _____ Rh+ and they can receive ______ + and - blood. • 15% of people DO NOT have Rh present on their red blood cells. Their blood is referred to as ______ Rh- and only they can receive ______. O • Universal blood donor (used by all)_____. • Universal blood recipient (can receive all types)____. AB+

Rh Factor and Pregnancy Rh (-) Mother X 1 st Rh (+) Baby Rh(+) Father 2 nd Rh (+) Baby

Rh Factor and Pregnancy

World Map of the A Allele

World Map of the B Allele

World Map of the O Allele Blood Type