Huang He River Valley Ancient China Lecture packet

Huang He River Valley. Ancient China Lecture & packet notes

Objectives • Locate physical features of Huang He River Valley Civilization on a map • Identify and explain PERSIA-G characteristics of Huang He River Valley Civilization

China Huang He River Civilization

Important features: Geography ________ Talk to your Himalayas neighbor – How did these ________ physical features affect the Huang He development Yangtze of ancient Chinese ________ Civilizations? Taklamakan Gobi

Mountains Deserts, Ocean Rivers Provided _______ from invaders – ______ – no trade with outsiders Provided water and fertile soil. _____ (windblown silt) from unpredictable flooding of the ___________ replenished the soil with nutrients. It also colored the river yellow, giving it the name “________”

The Huang He River has also been called “______” because of its history of ______ _ floods.

Taklamakan Desert with snow

The Gobi Desert

The Yangtze River

The first civilizations emerged on the Huang He River around _____ BCE. China’s earliest governments were _______. What is a dynasty? Political Hereditary Rule The ruler’s son became the ruler after the ruler died. ___________________ _____

There were _____ dynasties in Ancient China: 1. The first dynasty was the ____ but little is known because there are no _______ records 2. The ____ dynasty followed and many artifacts and writings were found in its capital city of ____. Political

Anyang Political v Ruled by a king v Capital city was surrounded by a massive wall – 118 feet wide and 1. 2 miles What can you conclude about their government? v Artifacts included the chariot and bronze weapons

v By 1027 BCE, the Shang Dynasty was overthrown and the third dynasty began called the Zhou Dynasty. v Zhou rulers justified their use of force by claiming that they had the “Mandate of Heaven” Political

Mandate of Heaven: Divine power to be the emperor of China given to virtuous leaders *If a leader does good for the people and always behaves correctly, then he is granted the power to rule by the gods/heavens (higher power) and can keep it; If he doesn’t act right and follow his duties as emperor, then he loses it (the power) *Concept was started by the Zhou Dynasty to justify taking power

Ancient Dynasties of China 1532 BCE 1027 BCE Shang Dynasty Zhou Dynasty begins Political 256 BCE Qin Dynasty Era of Warring States Almost 900 years of rule Over time, the Zhou government became de-centralized and regional nobles gained more and more power. A system of feudalism developed. What is feudalism?

Feudalism: A government system in which regional landowners grant land to knights or warriors in exchange for loyalty and protection. During the last 500 years of Zhou rule, regional rulers were constantly at war with each other. This period is called the Era of Warring States. Political

How did China’s geography affect its economy? Talk to your neighbor. v Because of China’s isolation by natural barriers, there was not much trade outside of China Economy Its economy was agricultural.

Economy Cont. v As territory in the North and South were united during the Zhou dynasty, China gained crop diversity: grains from the northern fields and rice from the south led to rise in population v Rice would become a staple in the Asian diet

Because China was geographically isolated, it did not trade with other civilizations until the Classical period (500 BCE 500 CE). Economy Cont. In the Classical period, it would become a manufacturer to the world, trading along the Silk Road and Indian Ocean routes. Porcelain

Chinese Culture From its earliest history, Chinese culture emphasized: 1. Importance of family 2. The group is more important than the individual

Religious beliefs: Religion v Ancestor worship: Deceased ancestors could bring good fortune or disaster. v Through ancestors, gods were worshipped, especially a supreme god, Shang Di. v The Chinese consulted the gods using oracle bones.

Religion Cont. v Questions were etched into the bones of animals, usually turtle shells. v The bones would then be exposed to heat. v The cracks in the shell were then interpreted to see how the gods answered. Oracle bone

v Society was comprised of two main classes: nobles and peasants v The nobles were landowners. The peasants worked the land for the nobles. Society

v Women were expected to obey their fathers and husbands. Society Cont. v Their marriages were arranged when they were 13 -15 years old. v The most important job for a woman was to produce a son. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=so. Ib. Krq 7 LWM

v Chinese writing developed from pictographs or drawings of objects. v The system used today is directly related to the writings found on oracle bones from the Shang dynasty. Intellectual

Intellectual Cont. There is no connection between written and spoken Chinese Advantage: Someone can read Chinese without knowing how to speak it A common language developed during the Zhou Dynasty – Mandarin Chinese Love

Shang Achievements Artifacts pictured from Anyang The Shang civilization excelled at using bronze for weapons, carrying vessels and beautiful objects. Chariots were invented and used in battle

Silk production began during the Shang dynasty and became a prized fabric of the nobles. Silk thread from silkworms is woven to make beautiful cloth. Shang Achievements Cont.

Zhou Achievements During the Zhou Dynasty they: Built roads and canals Developed blast furnaces that allowed them to produce cast iron

Zhou Achievements Cont. v Iron was used for weapons and farm tools which expanded agriculture for China’s growing cities. v Coined money also developed during the Zhou Dynasty.

Photo Credits http: //www. iloveworldhistory. co http: //www. worldmapsinfo. com/mapimage/china. jpg m/index. php? action=resources& http: //all. umn. edu/chinese_language/Resource/Chn. Biz. Cultu id=3 re/Chinese_Culture/Landmarks. htm http: //4. bp. blogspot. com/-op. EY 7 http: //yeinjee. com/discovery/desert-snow-in-taklamakandesert/ Zq 74 g/Tcq 85 OUju. YI/AAAAAAA http: //humanplanet. com/timothyallen/2009/03/absolutely. AARc/Iym. Qw. HIu. Xwc/s 1600/han amazing/ fu. jpg http: //images. china. cn/images 1/200608/351263. jpg http: //openwalls. com/image/786 http: //jameelcenter. ashmolean. org/media/collection/w 800/C 1/rice_field_in_china_1600 x 900. ollections/Single_Objects/EA/EA_1956_0000/EA jpg _1956_833 -a-L. jpg http: //www. ancientchinalife. com/ http: //img 75. imageshack. us/img 75/6502/pointcharactersty 9. ancient-chinese-women-2. jpg http: //www. sccfsac. org/images/p http: //www. christies. com/lotfinderimages/d 5181863 l. lowing. jpg http: //www. worldcoincatalog. com/AC/C 1/China/Ancient. Chin a/Zhou. Empire. jpg http: //www. iloveworldhistory. com/index. php? action=resourc es&id=3 http: //farm 1. static. flickr. com/155/355102596_15840 a 84 c 6_ z. jpg