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A. Characteristics of Sedimentary Rocks n 1. there are three general classes: n a. clastic – those derived directly from sediments n b. crystalline – those that are chemically derived n c. bioclastic – those derived from once living things

B. Clastic or Land Derived n 1. formed from varying size sediments that pile up over time and COMPACT due to great pressure. n *check out the variety of sediments within.

2. the CEMENTING of sediments is due to the formation of a natural glue. n a. silicate cement = originates on land; therefore the rock is land derived. n b. calcium carbonate cement = originates in water and bubbles in the presence of acid; therefore rock formed in the water.

C. Crystalline or Chemically Derived n 1. ocean water EVAPORATES and leaves minerals behind. n 2. these minerals settle out (or PRECIPITATE). n 3. over time they compact and cement together.

D. Bioclastic and Organically Derived n 1. derived from living organisms n 2. bio = life n 3. examples include: a. coal = coming from plant remains n b. fossil limestone = coming from the remains of animal life n

More of the Bioclastics…

E. Some extra info regarding ALL Sedimentary Rocks n 1. sedimentary rocks are the ONLY rocks that can contain fossils. n 2. most sedimentary rocks originate in the water and are laid down in horizontal layers. n 3. differentiated by particle size!!