http www ncbi nlm nih govpu bmed9367261 link

http: //www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pu bmed/9367261 link on T and Corpus. Callosum

Brain Anatomy Regions and their functions

By By Anthony

Mr. Verdi has a new favorite student…

Hippocampus and Amygdala

4 major regions • • Cerebral hemispheres Diencephalon Brain stem Cerebellum

Cerebral Hemispheres • • Right and Left Superior part of brain Most of mass of the brain Shallow groove = sulcus Elevated area by groove = gyrus

Cerebral Cortex • • • . 125 inch thick… 40% of brain mass Motor areas Sensory areas Association areas Contralateral control

• Central sulcus • Precentral gyrus = primary motor

Primary Motor Cortex • Precentral gyrus • Controls voluntary movement

Premotor Cortex • Learned motor skills

Broca’s area • Speech! Left hemisphere Broca's area and Wernicke's area are connected by a bundle of nerve fibers called the arcuate fasciculus. Damage to the arcuate fasciculus causes a disorder called conduction aphasia. People with conduction aphasia can understand language, but their speech does not make sense and they cannot repeat words.

Primary Somatosensory Cortex • Postcentral gyrus • Right hemisphere gets information from left, and upside down •

Somatosensory Association cortex • Posterior to postcentral gyrus

Visual area • Extreme posterior tip of occipital lobe

Visual Association Area • Surrounds the visual area… determines what you are seeing – i. e. 2 pretty eyes, long hair, ears… its Zooey !

Auditory Areas • Top of temporal lobe = primary auditory area • Posterior of temporal lobe = auditory association area

Olfactory cortex • primitive brain new functions • Rhinencephalon = Memory! • Why we remember smell of Grandma’s old smoky apartment, with dentures and those weird mints now only seen at midlevel restaraunts

Diencephalon • • 3 paired structures Thalamus Hypothalamus Epithalamus

Thalamus • Large number of nuclei • “Afferent impulses from all senses and all parts of the body converge on the thalamus • Includes sensory, visceral, emotional, etc.

Hypothalamus 7 functions 1. ) Autonomic control center 2. ) Center for emotional response 3. ) Body Temperature Regulation

Hypothalamus 4. ) Regulation of Food Intake 5. ) Regulation of Water balance and thirst 6. ) Regulation of sleep-wake cycles 7. ) control of endocrine system functioning

Epithalamus • Pineal gland – melatonin hormone

Brain Stem

Midbrain

Pons

Medulla Oblongata

Medulla Oblongata • Cardiovascular center • Respiratory center • Various other centers

Cerebellum