http www animationlibrary comsearch keywordsrecycle BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES 3

http: //www. animationlibrary. com/search/? keywords=recycle BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES 3 -3

See a video clip about CYCLES IN NATURE - Chap 3

http: //mff. dsisd. net/Environment/Cycles. htm ENERGY & MATTER Energy is not the only thing that moves through the ecosystem. Atoms are never destroyed. . . only transformed. Take a deep breath. The atoms you just inhaled may have been inhaled by a dinosaur millions of years ago. http: //educ. queensu. ca/~fmc/august 2004/pages/dinobreath. html

4 ATOMS make up 95% of the body in most organisms CARBON OXYGEN HYDROGEN NITROGEN The same molecules are passed around again and again within the biosphere in BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES ______________

WATER CYCLE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE = __________ http: //www. urbanrivers. org/water_cycle. html

WHY IS WATER IMPORTANT? Makes up 60 -70% of your body Oxygen and Hydrogen are found in all the building blocks of cells ____________: carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids Hydrogen in H 2 O supplies protons (H+) & electrons for________ photosynthesis http: //www. lsbu. ac. uk/water/molecule. htm

WHY IS WATER IMPORTANT? SOLVENT Water is a good _________ Many molecules dissolve in water so it provides a place for chemical reactions to happen Water doesn’t change temperature easily so it helps with _________ HOMEOSTASIS http: //www. lsbu. ac. uk/water/molecule. htm

WATER CYCLE evaporation condensation http: //www. radio-canada. ca/jeunesse/fd 6/000_images/cat/c_buee_c. gif

http: //www. css. cornell. edu/faculty/hmv 1/watrshed/Etrans. htm The evaporation of water from the surface of plant leaves TRANSPIRATION = ________ The return of water to the surface in the form of rain, snow, sleet, hail, etc. = __________ PRECIPITATION

Image edited from: http: //www. cotf. edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/water. html WATER CYCLE PH ONLINE LINK Put in code: cbp-2033 Choose Start

CARBON CYCLE CO 2 in atmosphere CO 2 in ocean BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006

4 main CARBON reservoirs in BIOSPHERE 1. In ______ atmosphere as CO 2 gas ocean 2. In _______ as dissolved CO 2 gas 3. On _______ in organisms, rocks, soil land Underground as coal & petroleum (fossil 4. _____ fuels) and calcium carbonate in rocks CO 2 in atmosphere CO 2 in Ocean BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006

Where does CO 2 in atmosphere come from? CO 2 in atmosphere CO 2 in Ocean Volcanic activity 1. ________ Human activity (burning fossil fuels) 2. _______ 3. _________ Cellular respiration Decomposition of dead organisms 4. ______ BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006

WHY IS CARBON IMPORTANT? BUILDING BLOCKS of cells: Found in all the ________ carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids Image by Riedell http: //web. jjay. cuny. edu/~acarpi/NSC/12 -dna. htm

WHY IS CARBON IMPORTANT? Carbon in CO 2 provides the atoms for GLUCOSE production during _____ PHOTOSYNTHESIS _________. . . the fuel that all living things depend on. http: //www. science. siu. edu/plant-biology/PLB 117/JPEGs%20 CD/0076. JPG http: //www. biologyclass. net/mitochondria. jpg

NITROGEN CYCLE Section 3 -3 N 2 in Atmosphere NH 3 NO 3 and NO 2 - BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006

WHY IS NITROGEN IMPORTANT? NITROGEN BASES _________make DNA and RNA ATP Adenine (nitrogen base) is used in _______ acids (proteins) Makes AMINO part of amino _____ Image by Riedell http: //web. jjay. cuny. edu/~acarpi/NSC/12 -dna. htm Image by Riedell

79% of the atmosphere is made up of NITROGEN gas (N 2) CAN’T use the nitrogen gas BUT we _____ we breathe! The bond in N 2 gas is so strong it can only be broken by lightning ________ Volcanic activity ________ few special bacteria __________ Image by Riedell http: //web. jjay. cuny. edu/~acarpi/NSC/12 -dna. htm Image by Riedell

in the soil Bacteria that live _______ symbiotic and in _____ relationships with legumes plants called _____, take nitrogen from the atmosphere and AMMONIA (NH 3) a form turn it into _______, that is usable by plants. THIS PROCESS IS CALLED _________ NITROGEN FIXATION http: //www. slic 2. wsu. edu: 82/hurlbert/micro 101/images/101 nodules 21. gif

Other bacteria in the soil convert NITRATES (NO 3 - ) ammonia into ________ & NITRITES (NO 2 -) & _________ which plants can also use. The nitrogen we need for proteins, ATP, and nucleic acids comes from the FOOD ______ WE EAT NOT THE AIR ______ we breathe! Image from: http: //www. utdallas. edu/images/departments/biology/misc/gonzalez-image. jpg and http: //www. cibike. org/Cartoon. Eating. gif modified by Riedell

NITROGEN CYCLE Section 3 -3 N 2 in Atmosphere NH 3 NO 3 and NO 2 - BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006

in the soil Bacteria that live _______ also carry out the reverse process NITRATES NITROGEN GAS & NITRITES ______ → _______. THIS PROCESS IS CALLED DENITRIFICATION _________

Image from: Pearson Education Inc; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall PHOSPHORUS CYCLE Producers absorb phosphate from soil and water Weathering wears away rocks and sediments and releases phosphate into soil and water Sediments form “new land” to complete cycle Phosphate moves through food web Phosphate returns to soil and water from waste or decomposition

Phosphorus cycle is only biogeochemical cycle that does NOT cycle through the atmosphere _______ BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006

WHY IS PHOSPHORUS IMPORTANT? Makes DNA and RNA Transfers energy as ATP Makes phospholipids for cell membranes Image by Riedell http: //web. jjay. cuny. edu/~acarpi/NSC/12 -dna. htm Image by Riedell

SOUTH DAKOTA CORE SCIENCE STANDARDS LIFE SCIENCE: Indicator 3: Analyze how organisms are linked to one another and the environment. 9 -12. L. 3. 1. Students are able to identify factors that can cause changes in stability of populations, communities, and ecosystems. • Predict the results of biotic and abiotic interactions. Examples: Fluctuation in available resources (water, food, shelter) Biogeochemical cycles

SOUTH DAKOTA CORE EARTH SCIENCE STANDARDS Indicator 1: Analyze the various structures and processes of the Earth system. 9 -12. E. 1. 1. Students are able to explain how elements and compounds cycle between living and non-living systems. • Diagram and describe the N, C, O and H 2 O cycles. • Describe the importance of the N, C, O and H 2 O cycles to life on this planet. Examples: water cycle including evaporation, cloud formation, condensation.

SOUTH DAKOTA ADVANCED SCIENCE STANDARDS EARTH SCIENCE: Indicator 1: Analyze the various structures and processes of the Earth system. 9 -12. E. 1. 1. A Students are able to explain how elements and compounds cycle between living and non-living systems. • Diagram and describe the P, S, and Ca cycles.

Core High School Earth Science Performance Descriptors High school students performing at the ADVANCED level: predict the effect of an interruption in a given cycles; predict how human activity may change the land, ocean, and atmosphere of Earth. High school students performing at the PROFICIENT level: High school students performing at the BASIC level explain how H 20, N, C, and O cycle between living and non-living systems; explain how human activity changes the land, ocean, and atmosphere of Earth. explain how H 20, N, C, and O cycle between living and non-living systems; give an example of human activity that changes the land, ocean, or atmosphere of Earth.