How to Publish in SSCI Journals Author and

How to Publish in SSCI Journals: Author and Editor Perspectives Eldon Y. Li Chair Professor & Director Ph. D. Program in Business Chung Yuan Christian University, Taiwan http: //www. calpoly. edu/~eli *** All right reserved. Video or audio recording is prohibited. Reference to this document should be made as follows: Li, E. Y. “How to Publish in SSCI Journals: Author and Editor “ Perspectives, ” unpublished lecture, Chung Yuan Christian University, 2019. *** Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 1 2021/2/26

Agenda • About me • SSCI journals and impact factor • The types of research projects • What makes a good paper? • The structure of a good paper • The workflow of publishing • The common mistakes • The recommendations Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 2 2021/2/26

About Me Eldon Y. Li is a chair professor and the director of Ph. D. Program in Business at Chung Yuan Christian University in Taiwan. He was a university chair professor and former department chair of MIS at National Chengchi University, an adjunct chair professor of Asia University in Taiwan, and a professor and coordinator of the MIS program at College of Business, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA. He served as the dean of College of Informatics and the director of Graduate Institute of Social Informatics at Yuan Ze University in Taiwan, as well as professor and founding director at the Graduate Institute of Information Management at the National Chung Cheng University in Chia-Yi, Taiwan. He received his Ph. D from Texas Tech University in 1982. He is the editorin-chief of several international journals. He has published more than 250 papers in various topics related to innovation and technology management, human factors in information technology (IT), strategic IT planning, software quality management, and information systems management. His papers appear in Journal of Management Information Systems, Research Policy, Communications of the ACM, Internet Research, Expert Systems with Applications, Computers & Education, Decision Support Systems, Information & Management, International Journal of Medical Informatics, Organization, among others. Copyright E. Y. Li 3 2021/2/26

SSCI and SCI Journals • ISI (Institute for Scientific Information) • Thomson’s www. isinet. com • SCI/SCIE: – Began in 1945 – SCI includes 3737 journals (2017) – SCIE includes 8927 journals (2017) • SSCI: – Began in 1956 – includes 3272 journals (2017) • AHCI: – Began in 1975 – includes 1787 journals (2017) Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 4 2021/2/26

SSCI Journals and Impact Factor Source: M. Amin & M. Mabe, “Impact Factors: Use and Abuse, ” Perspectives in Publishing, No. 1, October 2000, pp. 1 -6. Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 5 2021/2/26

SSCI Journals and Impact Factor • Impact Factor 2016 (e. g. , MISQ) – Cites in 2016 to articles published in 2015 = 235 – Cites in 2016 to articles published in 2014 = 470 – Number of articles published in 2015 = 43 – Number of articles published in 2014 = 54 I-Factor = Copyright (c) E. Y. Li Cites to recent articles Number of recent articles 6 = 705 97 = 7. 268 2021/2/26

SSCI Journals and Impact Factor • Immediacy Index 2016 (e. g. , MISQ) – Cites in 2016 to articles published in 2016 = 19 – Number of articles published in 2016 = 38 I-Index = Cites to current articles 19 = = 0. 5 Number of current articles 38 Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 7 2021/2/26

SSCI Journals and Impact Factor • The cited half-life is a measure of the rate of decline of the citation curve. It is the number of years that the number of current citations takes to decline to 50% of its initial value (the cited half-life is 6 years in the example given in the Figure 1). It is a measure of how long articles in a journal continue to be cited after publication. MISQ Year # Cites from 2016 Cumulative % 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 -All 19 235 470 651 1, 031 864 672 658 401 764 8, 796 0. 13 1. 74 4. 97 9. 44 16. 52 22. 46 27. 07 31. 59 34. 35 39. 59 100. 00 Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 8 2021/2/26

Impact factor values Journals 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2016 ACM Transactions on Database Systems ACM Transactions on Information Systems Communications of the ACM Data & Knowledge Engineering Decision Support Systems Electronic Commerce Research and Applications European Journal of Information Systems Expert Systems with Applications Government Information Quarterly IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering INFOR 1. 613 1. 472 2. 646 1. 480 1. 873 1. 245 1. 667 2. 346 1. 745 2. 622 1. 216 1. 085 2. 353 1. 722 2. 135 1. 000 1. 077 1. 919 1. 422 1. 687 0. 887 1. 070 2. 511 1. 519 2. 201 1. 517 2. 312 4. 027 1. 694 3. 222 1. 130 1. 042 1. 946 1. 472 1. 480 1. 954 1. 202 2. 596 1. 910 1. 200 2. 908 2. 098 1. 767 1. 924 1. 878 1. 500 2. 203 1. 425 1. 558 1. 854 1. 910 1. 156 1. 248 1. 344 0. 958 0. 893 2. 819 3. 928 4. 090 1. 188 　 2. 236 2. 285 1. 847 1. 657 1. 892 3. 438 0. 324 0. 738 0. 318 0. 295 0. 395 Information and Software Technology 1. 200 1. 821 1. 527 1. 250 1. 522 Information Processing & Management Information Processing Letters Information Retrieval Information Science 1. 852 0. 706 0. 696 3. 095 1. 783 0. 764 1. 841 3. 291 1. 673 0. 612 1. 327 2. 836 1. 119 0. 455 0. 914 2. 833 0. 817 0. 488 0. 630 3. 643 Information Society 1. 042 1. 111 1. 240 1. 235 1. 114 Information Systems Information & Management Information Systems Frontiers Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 1. 660 2. 358 0. 706 1. 966 2. 282 1. 309 1. 595 2. 627 1. 596 1. 198 1. 768 2. 214 1. 663 0. 912 0. 851 2021/2/26 0. 189 2. 694 　 2. 391 0. 748 0. 791 4. 832 1. 558 　 2. 777 3. 317 2. 521 9

Impact factor values Journals 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2016 Information Systems Journal Information Systems Management Information Systems Research International Journal of Electronic Commerce International Journal of Information Management 2. 375 1. 242 2. 261 1. 419 0. 765 1. 792 2. 184 1. 029 3. 358 2. 067 0. 578 2. 146 1. 381 0. 352 2. 010 1. 366 1. 600 0. 850 1. 550 1. 425 4. 122 1. 298 2. 763 3. 900 　 1. 043 0. 723 1. 554 1. 532 1. 843 Internet Research 0. 800 0. 844 1. 150 1. 115 1. 500 Journal of Global Information Management 1. 387 0. 706 1. 222 0. 514 0. 452 Journal of Information Science 1. 648 1. 706 1. 406 1. 299 1. 238 Journal of Information Technology Journal of Intelligent Information Systems Journal of Management Information Systems Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce Journal of Strategic Information Systems Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology Journal of the Association for Information Systems MIS Quarterly Copyright (c) E. Y. Li Online Information Review 1. 966 1. 075 2. 049 0. 980 2. 907 0. 875 2. 321 0. 618 3. 532 0. 833 2. 931 　 0. 517 　 1. 372 　 6. 953 1. 294 2. 358 2. 098 2. 662 1. 423 1. 262 2. 356 0. 531 0. 552 0. 793 0. 344 0. 429 0. 579 1. 484 2. 212 2. 900 1. 457 1. 500 3. 486 1. 954 2. 300 2. 137 2. 081 2. 005 2. 322 1. 836 2. 246 2. 217 1. 667 1. 048 2. 109 5. 183 4. 485 10 5. 041 4. 447 4. 659 2021/2/26 7. 268 1. 534 3. 872

Rank Abbreviated Journal Title (linked to journal information) ISSN 1 MIS QUART 0276 -7783 6186 2 J INFORMETR 1751 -1577 3 ANNU REV INFORM SCI 4 2009 Impact Factor Immediacy Index Articles 4. 485 0. 579 38 >10. 0 253 3. 379 0. 909 33 2. 1 0066 -4200 563 2. 929 1. 200 10 6. 9 J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 1532 -2882 5167 2. 300 0. 379 203 8. 0 5 INFORM MANAGE-AMSTER 0378 -7206 3276 2. 282 0. 268 56 6. 6 6 J ASSOC INF SYST 1536 -9323 430 2. 246 0. 097 31 4. 4 7 SCIENTOMETRICS 0138 -9130 3508 2. 167 0. 328 189 6. 2 8 GOV INFORM Q 0740 -624 X 598 2. 098 0. 293 58 4. 5 9 J MANAGE INFORM SYST 0742 -1222 2650 2. 098 0. 000 38 8. 7 10 J INF TECHNOL 0268 -3962 879 2. 049 0. 321 28 6. 9 11 INFORM SYST RES 1047 -7047 3037 1. 792 0. 679 28 9. 5 12 INFORM PROCESS MANAG 0306 -4573 2412 1. 783 0. 264 53 8. 5 13 J INF SCI 0165 -5515 939 1. 706 0. 149 47 6. 0 14 ONLINE INFORM REV 1468 -4527 324 1. 423 0. 094 64 3. 4 15 INFORM SYST J 1350 -1917 598 1. 419 0. 583 24 7. 2 16 INFORM TECHNOL MANAG 1385 -951 X 73 1. 222 0. 000 16 17 INFORM SOC 0197 -2243 603 1. 111 0. 125 24 6. 9 18 INT J INFORM MANAGE 0268 -4012 575 0. 723 0. 000 43 6. 8 19 J GLOB INF MANAG 1062 -7375 227 0. 706 0. 053 19 5. 3 20 INFORM RES 1368 -1613 501 0. 490 0. 121 33 5. 5 Copyright (c) E. Y. Li Total Cites 11 2021/2/26 Cited Half-life

Rank Abbreviated Journal Title (linked to journal information) ISSN Total Cites 2010 Impact Factor Immediacy Index Articles Cited Half-life 1 MIS QUART 0276 -7783 7418 5. 041 0. 737 38 9. 8 2 INFORM SYST RES 1047 -7047 3517 3. 358 0. 241 54 9. 5 3 J AM MED INFORM ASSN 1067 -5027 3604 3. 078 0. 591 115 5. 8 4 J INF TECHNOL 0268 -3962 1083 2. 907 0. 786 28 6. 7 5 J MANAGE INFORM SYST 0742 -1222 3079 2. 662 0. 633 30 9. 0 6 INFORM MANAGE-AMSTER 0378 -7206 3273 2. 627 0. 238 42 6. 9 7 J ASSOC INF SYST 1536 -9323 579 2. 217 0. 062 32 4. 2 8 INFORM SYST J 1350 -1917 695 2. 184 0. 857 21 6. 5 9 J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 1532 -2882 4200 2. 137 0. 354 178 7. 4 10 DECIS SUPPORT SYST 0167 -9236 3225 2. 135 0. 252 111 5. 6 11 ELECTRON COMMER R A 1567 -4223 420 1. 946 0. 244 45 4. 6 12 SCIENTOMETRICS 0138 -9130 3602 1. 905 0. 173 226 6. 4 13 GOV INFORM Q 0740 -624 X 650 1. 878 0. 312 48 4. 2 14 EUR J INFORM SYST 0960 -085 X 1070 1. 767 0. 326 43 5. 7 15 INFORM PROCESS MANAG 0306 -4573 1934 1. 673 0. 411 56 7. 2 16 INFORM SYST FRONT 1387 -3326 461 1. 596 0. 130 46 4. 6 17 INFORM SYST 0306 -4379 865 1. 595 0. 380 50 6. 6 18 INT J INFORM MANAGE 0268 -4012 859 1. 554 0. 220 59 6. 7 19 J INF SCI 0165 -5515 921 1. 406 0. 180 50 6. 2 20 INFORM SOC 0197 -2243 615 1. 240 0. 000 27 7. 4 21 SOC SCI COMPUT REV 0894 -4393 550 0. 913 0. 194 31 7. 3 22 INFORM RES 1368 -1613 429 0. 822 0. 125 56 5. 2 Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 12 2021/2/26

Rank Abbreviated Journal Title (linked to journal information) ISSN Total Cites 2011 Impact Factor 5 -year Impact Factor Immediac y Index Articles Cited Halflife 1 MIS QUART 0276 -7783 6761 4. 447 7. 497 0. 7 50 >10. 0 2 J INFORMETR 1751 -1577 709 4. 229 3. 944 1. 098 61 2 3 J AM MED INFORM ASSN 1067 -5027 4071 3. 609 4. 329 0. 706 153 5. 5 4 ANNU REV INFORM SCI 0066 -4200 462 2. 955 2. 984 1. 182 11 7. 9 5 J INF TECHNOL 0268 -3962 967 2. 321 3 0. 789 19 7 6 INT J COMP-SUPP COLL 1556 -1607 302 2. 243 3 0. 571 28 3. 8 7 INFORM MANAGE-AMSTER 0378 -7206 3282 2. 214 3. 796 0. 114 44 7. 5 8 INFORM SYST RES 1047 -7047 3286 2. 146 4. 131 0. 234 47 9. 9 9 J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 1532 -2882 4295 2. 081 2. 113 0. 425 186 6. 9 10 INFORM SYST J 1350 -1917 694 2. 067 2. 775 1. 143 21 6. 5 11 SCIENTOMETRICS 0138 -9130 4048 1. 966 2. 443 0. 378 217 5. 9 12 MIS Q EXEC 1540 -1960 234 1. 743　 0. 125 16 4. 5 13 J ASSOC INF SYST 1536 -9323 620 1. 667 2. 654 0. 071 28 4. 8 14 INT J INFORM MANAGE 0268 -4012 862 1. 532 1. 764 0. 21 62 6. 3 15 EUR J INFORM SYST 0960 -085 X 972 1. 5 2. 218 0. 093 43 5. 7 16 J STRATEGIC INF SYST 0963 -8687 652 1. 457 2 0. 207 29 9. 1 17 GOV INFORM Q 0740 -624 X 585 1. 425 1. 662 0. 327 52 4. 7 18 J MANAGE INFORM SYST 0742 -1222 2530 1. 423 2. 945 0. 05 40 9. 4 19 J INF SCI 0165 -5515 807 1. 299 1. 686 0. 157 51 5. 9 20 J KNOWL MANAG 1367 -3270 1072 0. 158 57 7. 1 21 INFORM SOC 0197 -2243 623 1. 235 1. 576 0 17 8 22 INFORM PROCESS MANAG 0306 -4573 1647 1. 119 1. 443 0. 25 64 7. 8 23 SOC SCI COMPUT REV 0894 -4393 560 1. 075 1. 166 0. 257 35 7. 6 Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 13 1. 248　 2021/2/26

Rank Abbreviated Journal Title (linked to journal information) ISSN 2012 Total Cites Impact Factor 5 -year Impact Factor Immediac y Index Cited Halflife Articles 1 MIS QUART 0276 -7783 7277 4. 659 7. 474 0. 705 61 9. 9 2 J INFORMETR 1751 -1577 943 4. 153 3. 987 0. 771 70 2. 6 3 J AM MED INFORM ASSN 1067 -5027 5012 3. 571 3. 959 0. 925 186 6. 2 4 J INF TECHNOL 0268 -3962 1165 3. 532 3. 801 1. 263 19 6. 5 5 INFORM TECHNOL MANAG 1385 -951 X 247 3. 025 2. 261 0. 226 31 2. 1 6 ANNU REV INFORM SCI 0066 -4200 380 2. 174 2. 590 8. 0 7 SCIENTOMETRICS 0138 -9130 4555 2. 133 2. 207 0. 449 254 6. 5 8 INFORM SYST RES 1047 -7047 3443 2. 010 3. 638 0. 446 74 >10. 0 9 J AM SOC INF SCI TEC 1532 -2882 4613 2. 005 2. 159 0. 321 184 6. 8 10 GOV INFORM Q 0740 -624 X 835 1. 910 2. 263 0. 493 71 4. 5 11 INT J INFORM MANAGE 0268 -4012 970 1. 843 1. 898 0. 086 58 6. 0 12 INFORM MANAGE-AMSTER 0378 -7206 3091 1. 663 3. 178 0. 083 36 8. 3 13 EUR J INFORM SYST 0960 -085 X 1268 1. 558 2. 422 0. 421 38 6. 3 14 J STRATEGIC INF SYST 0963 -8687 743 1. 500 2. 433 0. 550 20 8. 9 15 J KNOWL MANAG 1367 -3270 1392 1. 474 0. 179 56 7. 3 16 INFORM SYST J 1350 -1917 696 1. 381 2. 376 1. 238 21 7. 2 17 J MANAGE INFORM SYST 0742 -1222 2645 1. 262 2. 780 0. 033 30 9. 8 18 INFORM SOC 0197 -2243 561 1. 114 1. 389 0. 211 19 8. 5 19 J ASSOC INF SYST 1536 -9323 751 1. 048 2. 766 0. 292 24 5. 7 20 J GLOB INF TECH MAN 1097 -198 X 117 0. 917 0. 000 12 6. 4 21 INFORM PROCESS MANAG 0306 -4573 1681 0. 817 1. 388 0. 210 81 8. 1 22 INFORM RES 1368 -1613 400 0. 520 0. 677 6. 1 23 J GLOB INF MANAG 1062 -7375 335 0. 452 1. 179 0. 071 14 7. 6 Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 14 2021/2/26

Rank FULL JOURNAL TITLE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Total Cites MIS QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION SYSTEMS JOURNAL OF COMPUTER-MEDIATED COMMUNICATION GOVERNMENT INFORMATION QUARTERLY INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION JOURNAL OF STRATEGIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER-SUPPORTED COLLABORATIVE LEARNING TELEMATICS AND INFORMATICS INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT JOURNAL OF INFORMETRICS EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH EVALUATION SOCIAL SCIENCE COMPUTER REVIEW SCIENTOMETRICS JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SYSTEMS INFORMATION AND ORGANIZATION JOURNAL OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT 14, 561 2, 515 1, 416 4, 011 2, 719 3, 087 7, 655 1, 580 656 1, 104 5, 783 2, 067 2, 395 6, 257 4, 276 3, 067 4, 456 978 919 1, 263 7, 831 1, 702 515 2, 774 Journal Impact Factor 2016 7. 268 6. 953 4. 122 4. 113 4. 090 3. 872 3. 698 3. 486 3. 469 3. 398 3. 317 2. 920 2. 819 2. 763 2. 502 2. 391 2. 356 2. 322 2. 312 2. 293 2. 147 2. 109 2. 083 2. 053 https: //goo. gl/j. TZg 4 K Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 15 2021/2/26

The Types of Research Projects by Paradigm • Positivist research (實證性研究) – Test theory to increase the predictive understanding of phenomena. (ref. Confirmatory research) • Interpretive research (詮釋性研究) – Understand phenomena through the meanings that people assign to them and does not predefine dependent and independent variables (ref. Exploratory research) • Critical research (批判性研究) – Focuses on the oppositions, conflicts and contradictions in contemporary society, and seeks to think outside the box. Source: http: //www. qual. auckland. ac. nz/ Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 16 2021/2/26

The Types of Research Projects by Process • Inductive research (歸納性研究) – derive from a posteriori specific facts or instances into general principles • Deductive research (演繹性研究) – reason from a priori general premises into specific facts or instances Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 17 2021/2/26

The Types of Research Projects by Output • System research • Design research • Theory (Concept) building research • Model building research • Methodological research • Informational (descriptive) research Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 18 2021/2/26

Theory Building Models and Wheel of Science I n d u c t i v e l o g i c E v Functional i theory building d e Empirical n generalizations c e b Inductive a theory building s e d Theories Concepts Deductive theory building Hypotheses Model-based theory building Observations Source: Marx, Melvin H. “The General Nature of Theory Construction, ” in Melvin H. Marx, Ed. , Theories in Contemporary Psychology , New York: Macmillan , 1965, pp. 1019. Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 19 2021/2/26 T h e o r y b a s e d D e d u c t i v e l o g i c

The Types of Research Projects by Method • Qualitative methods • – Literature reviews – Case studies – Action research method – Focus group – Delphi method – Ethnographic method – Grounded theory – Meta research – Interviews/ Critical incident analysis – Content analysis/ Text mining • Survey / Statistics Quantitative methods – Empirical method Copyright (c) E. Y. Li • Database (CRSP, COMPUSTAT) • Informetrics – Experimental method • Experiment • Simulation / Prototype • Neural network – Analytical method • Stochastic methods • Mathematical solution • Optimization • Proof 20 2021/2/26

The Types of Research Projects by Output and Process System Research Design Research Theory Building Research • Observations • Design needs • Phenomena • Problems • Propose • Literature reviews • Propose systems • Construct systems • Validate systems designs • Build designs • Validate designs • Evaluate systems designs • Conclusions • Propose theory/concept • Propose models • Propose hypotheses • Collect and • Justify • Test hypotheses propositions 21 D e • Problems d u • Literature reviews c t i • Propose model o n • Propose • Conclusions Copyright (c) E. Y. Li Model Building Research validate data • Conclusions 2021/2/26 I n d u c t i o n

The Types of Research Projects by Scholarship • Discovery research (exploratory) • Application research (confirmatory) • Integration research • Teaching research Source: Boyer, Ernest L. , Scholarship Reconsidered: Priorities of the Professoriate, by San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc. , 1990. (1981 -1997 President of The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, 51 Vista Lane, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 22 2021/2/26

The Types of Research Projects by Analysis • Independent analysis • Comparative analysis • Longitudinal analysis • Meta analysis Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 23 2021/2/26

Independent CMM Practice Assessment Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 24 2021/2/26

Comparative CMM Practice Assessment Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 25 2021/2/26

Longitudinal CMM Practice Assessment Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 26 2021/2/26

Meta-Analysis of Recall Rate, 1957 Weiss-Margolius 1954 100 Percent of Recall 90 Gibson 1942 Belmon-Birch 1951 Underwood-Richarson 1955 80 Williams 1950 70 Williams 1950 60 50 Johnson 1939 Underwood 1953 40 Lester 1932 30 Krueger 1929 Cheng 1929 Hovland 1940 Luh 1922 20 Youtz 1941 10 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Number of Previous Lists 18 20 22 Source: Underwood, B. J. “Interference and Forgetting, ” Psychological Review, 64, 1957, pp. 49 -60. Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 27 2021/2/26

Meta-Analysis of Average Importance Ratings IS Personnel's Avg. Importance Ratings Ite m No. Description of Item 1 Top management involvement 2 Competition between CBIS and non-CBIS units 3 Allocation priorities for CBIS resources 4 Chargeback method of payment for services User Personnel's Avg. Importance Ratings Pooled Average Importance Ratingsa Staff Mgr. IS Per. User Per. (N=3 7) (N=109) (N=4 0) (N=29) (N=1 46) (N=69) 2. 35 1. 96 2. 50 1. 38 2. 06 2. 03 = 0. 29 = 0. 31 0. 29 0. 31 0. 97 1. 55 1. 50 1. 59 1. 40 1. 54 = -0. 46 = 0. 14 -0. 46 0. 14 a The ratings are from the IS staff in Montazemi's [13, p. 248] study using 35 ISS items. b The ratings are from the IS managers in this study using 39 of the 46 ISS items. c The ratings of are from the user staff in Montazemi's [13, p. 248] study using 35 ISS items. d The ratings are from the middle managers of IS users in Pearson's [16, p. 174] study using 39 ISS items. Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 28 2021/2/26

What Makes a Good Paper? • Novel problem • New perspective • Innovative model • Disciplined methods • Rich data • Rigorous effort • Eloquent writing style

How to write a good paper? • Problems and contexts - write what the readers see • Research contributions - write what the journal likes • Writing style - write in the journal style • Validity - write to justify • Rigor - write to show your effort and know how • Generalizability - write for the real world Common Mistakes Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 30 2021/2/26

Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 31 2021/2/26

Writing a good paper Management Field (25)* • Abstract (1) • Introduction and research questions (3) • Research purpose (1) • Research model (2) • Literature reviews (4) • Methodology (2) • Analysis and results (3) • Discussion and implications (4) • Conclusions and recommendations (3) • Limitations and future research (2) Science & Engineering • Introduction • Research purpose • Research model and method • Analysis and results • Conclusions Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 32 * Excluding figures and tables. 2021/2/26

The Workflow of Publishing • The research project process • The publication process Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 33 2021/2/26

The research project process • Observation • Identify weakness • Innovation/Idea • Dormancy • Evaluation • Execution • Composition • Revisions • Publishing Copyright (c) E. Y. Li • Intelligence • Design • Choice • Implementation • Reviews • Feedback 34 2021/2/26

1 to 3 years The publication process • Identify reviewers (0 -1 mo) • Submit paper for reviews (3 -12 mo) • Respond to reviewers’ comments (1 -6 mo) • Revise the paper (1 -3 mo) • Resubmit the paper for reviews (1 -3 mo) • Format the paper (0 -1 mo) • Typeset the paper (1 -3 mo) • Proofread the galley pages (0 -1 mo) • See the paper in print (6 -18 mo) Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 35 2021/2/26

The Common Mistakes • • • Title – catchy and capturing essence Recomm Abstract – persuasive and concise Paper body – size, structure, and flow Copycat or problem is too trivial Citations look like a laundry list, e. g. , [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] No theoretical or conceptual foundation/contribution Analysis – no data validation, wrong methods Managerial implications – practitioner sense, not academics Grammatical and spelling errors – use a technical editor to edit your paper Procrastinate revisions – lost the timeliness Small sample size – impossible to revise Responses to reviewers’ comments – respect the reviewers Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 36 2021/2/26

Dimensions of Contribution 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 2021/2/26 Problem Context Unit Paradigm / Theory / Concept Model How To • Construct • Ontology Method Data (number / text) Time Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 37

Abstract • What is the problem? • Why it is important? • How did you solve it? • What have you found? • What do you recommend? Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 38 2021/2/26

Structured Abstract Writing • Purpose • Design/methodology/approach • Findings • Research limitations/implications • Practical implications • Social implications • Originality/value Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 39 2021/2/26

Introduction Writing • What is the current “worldwide” status related to your topic? • What are the problems/research gaps? • Why it is important to overcome the problems/research gaps? • What do you plan to do? • What is the organization of your paper? Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 40 2021/2/26

Research Purposes Writing • Define the scope of your paper • E. g. , This paper attempts to investigate …. • Itemize the purposes of your research. • E. g. , The purposes of this paper are to: (1) survey …. , (2) report …. , (3) compare ….

Research Model Linkage Between Constructs (Ontology) Writing Core Concepts (Constructs) Reinforced Changed Same Incremental Innovation • Replicate results for the focal relationship(s) in a new context • Extend by adding peripheral construct(s) Modular Innovation Define, measure, or analyze one or more constructs in a new way Different Architectural Innovation • Examine a new situation or context in which the nature of the focal relationship(s) may be different • Examine the role of a new construct that may moderate the nature of the focal relationship(s) Radical Innovation Introduce a new conceptualization that replaces and changes how we think of the old construct(s) and relationship(s) Source: Voss, G. B. Formulating interesting research questions. Academy of Marketing Science. Journal, 31(3), Summer 2003, pp. 356 -359. Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 42 2021/2/26

Architectural Innovation Behavioral beliefs Attitude toward the behavior Normative beliefs Subjective norm Control beliefs Perceived behavioral control Model Intention Source: http: //www. people. umass. edu/aizen/tpb. html Behavior Actual behavioral control

Radical Innovation Information dissemination Information responsiveness Model IT knowledge Information synergy H 1 H 2 Shared interpretation IT operations IT capability IT objects H 3 Innovativeness Product Copyright (c) E. Y. Li Process Personnel 44 Service 2021/2/26

Literature Reviews Top journal articles Research Purpose Construct A Copyright (c) E. Y. Li Construct B Construct C 45 Construct D 2021/2/26

Literature Reviews • Describe –Which citation? What method? What data? What major findings? –Example –IS success: v. Li (1997) surveyed 400 IS managers and collected 123 usable samples. He revealed that ……, and that ……. v. De. Lone and Mc. Lean (2003) ……………… –Behavioral intention: v. Davis (1989) …………… v. Ajzen (1991) ……………. Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 46 2021/2/26

Literature Reviews • Summarize – citations, purpose, subjects, constructs, findings Citation Sample OCB dimensions Effectiveness operationalized Findings (direction of significant correlation)a Dunlop & Lee [19] 36 fast food restaurants in Australia OCB directed toward organization (OCBO) Supervisor rating of business unit performance (BP) Counter service time (CT) Drive through service time (DT) Unexplained food figures (UF) OCBO BP (+) OCBO CT (ns) OCBO DT (ns) OCBO UF (ns) Ehrhart, Bliese, & Thomas [20] 2403 soldiers in 31 military units Helping behavior at unit-level Combat readiness (CR) Physical fitness (PF) Award rate (AR) M 16 range scores (MR) Helping CR (ns) Helping PF (+) Helping AR (+) Helping MR (+) Koys [35] 28 stores in regional restaurant chain Aggregated OCB Customer satisfaction (CS) Profitability after controllable expenses (PF) OCB CS (+) OCB PF (+) Podsakoff & Mac. Kenzie [55] 116 insurance agency units Helping Civic virtue (CV) Sportsmanship (Sport) A: Index of sales performance (SP) Helping SP (-) CV SP (+) Sport SP (+) Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 47 2021/2/26

Literature Reviews • Synthesize - Constructs Research variable IT competency** IT knowledge IT operations IT objects Information synergy* dissemination Innovativeness* No. of items 15 Sources Tippins and Sohi, 2003 [62] 3 Tippins and Sohi, 2003 [62]; Information responsiveness 4 Gefen and Ridings, 2002 [25] Ridings, 2002 [45] Shared interpretation 2 Tippins and Sohi, 2003 [62] Product 3 Process 5 Garcia and Calantone, 2002[24] Subramanian and Nilakanta, 1996[57] Totterdell, et al. , 2002[63] Garcia and Calantone, 2002[24] Subramanian and Nilakanta, 1996[57] Personnel 5 Totterdell, et al. , 2002[63] Service 3 Garcia and Calantone, 2002[24] *Components are newly constructed and questionnaire items are adapted from different sources. **Questionnaire items are mainly adopted from Tippins and Sohi [42] Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 48 2021/2/26

Literature Reviews • Synthesize - Linkages Source: De. Lone, W. H. and Mc. Lean, E. R. “The De. Lone and Mc. Lean Model of Information Systems Success: A Ten-Year Update, ” Journal of Management Information Systems, Spring 2003, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 9– 30. . Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 49 2021/2/26

Methodology Writing • Subjects – What are your sample subjects? Why do you choose these subjects? How did you collect the data? Why do you choose the way you do it? What is the profile of your population and samples? • Measures/questionnaire – What is your measurement instrument? How did you design it? What are the sources of your measurement? • Pilot study – How do you conduct pilot test? How do you modify your instrument? How do you know it is reliable and valid. • Procedure – How will you analyze the data? Why did you choose these methods? What is the sequence of analyses? Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 50 2021/2/26

Quantitative Analysis (1) • Data representativeness –Survey data • Removal of outliers • Handling missing values • Population representation • Non-response bias • Common method bias • Reliability • Validities –Simulation data • Steady state • Randomness • Probability distributions • Program/model correctness Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 51 2021/2/26

Quantitative Analysis (2) • Popular Statistical methods – Parametric methods • Correlation analysis; Regression analysis • Independent t-tests • Paired t-tests • ANOVA • MANOVA • Exploratory and confirmatory Factor analyses • Cluster analysis • Structural equation model (SEM)/LISREL/AMOS • Hierarchical linear model (HLM) – Non-parametric methods (N<30) • Spearman Rho; Kendall Tau; Chi-square test • Man-Whitney test; Wilcoxon’s rank sum test • Wilcoxon’s sign rank test; Mc. Nemar's Chi-square test • Kruskal-Wallis analysis of ranks; Median test • Friedman's two-way analysis of variance • Partial least square (PLS) Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 52 2021/2/26

Quantitative Analysis (3) Commonly Used Statistical Tests Purpose of test Compares two independent samples Examines a set of differences Normal-distribution-based test Corresponding nonparametric test t test for independent samples Mann-Whitney U test; Wilcoxon rank-sum test Paired t test Wilcoxon matched pairs signed -rank test Assesses the linear association Pearson correlation coefficient between two variables. Spearman rank correlation coefficient; Kendall Tau; Chisquare test Compares three or more groups One way analysis of variance (F test) Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance by ranks; Median test Compares groups classified by two different factors Two way analysis of variance Friedman Two Way analysis of variance Source: Adapted from Dallal, G. E. (2000) “Nonparametric Statistics, ” http: //www. jerrydallal. com/LHSP/npar. htm Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 53 2021/2/26

Presenting Results • Summarize your results in a Writing table. • Do not put too much data in a diagram; put them in a table. • Let the table or figure worth a thousand words. • Be brilliant in creating a table or figure. Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 54 2021/2/26

Writing Discussion and Implications • Discuss each finding, be it positive or negative. • Compare it to the existing literature. • What does the finding imply? • Explain the finding as a phenomenon in our life. Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 55 2021/2/26

Writing Conclusions & Recommendations • Re-iterate the importance of your study. • Synthesize your findings. • Describe your contributions to theory and practice. • Based on your findings and implications, what would you recommend for both researchers and practitioners to do in the future? • If possible, describe a “best practice scenario”. Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 56 2021/2/26

Limitations & Future Research • Sample bias. • Self-reporting bias. • Common method bias. • Cultural differences. • Gender and age differences. • Time dependency (cross-sectional). • Not included variables. • Not answered research questions. Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 57 2021/2/26 Writing

Paper Body Common • Avoid piecemealed sections • Adhere to the size (word count) limit • Delete unimportant sections • Eliminate repeated sentences • Always include “Recommendations for Practice” or “Implications for Management” section Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 58 2021/2/26

Responses to reviewers’ comments • Avoid descriptive “All in One” response. • Use the following format: – Reviewer #1 – Comment #1: (Repeat first comment) – Response: (State how you take it) – Action: (State how you deal with it) Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 59 2021/2/26

Reviewer #2: Comment #1: “The case itself reads rather like a Masters project. There is little in it……. ” RESPONSE: This case is not a Master thesis, it is a consulting project. We have never seen a planning framework like ours in the literature. We believe that with your constructive comments and our revisions, it has significant contribution to the existing literature. ACTION: None. Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 60 2021/2/26

Comment #2: ". . There is no evidence that the strategic plan provided value. No alternatives appear to have been considered. “ RESPONSE: The value of a strategic plan in itself is intangible and cannot be quantified. However, if some of the recommended application systems in the planning document are implemented and continuously used by the users, we would know that it provided value to the ABC bank. As indicated in the original paper (see "Step 6: Conclude the Project"), three of our recommended application systems were subsequently put in place three months after we concluded the planning project. Furthermore, I spoke informally with the bank's CEO recently and he told me the users have been “very happy” about the implemented systems. As for providing alternative plan, it is not a normal practice at the strategic level of IS plan, especially in a limited project time. We agree that if we were designing a system, we would need to provide alternatives because there are more than one way to implement a system. Furthermore, a strategic IS plan must link with the business plan. During the strategic planning process, we have constant input from the bank through its representatives in the planning team on the "no-technical" matters. This ensure the planning outputs closely adhere to the business plan. Since there was only one business plan at the ABC bank and one set of planning output requested by the CEO, we provided only one strategic IS plan. In fact, the content of our planning outputs does not dictate the way ABC bank implement the plan. It is very flexible and ABC can formulate various implementation plans according to our planning output. ACTION: A paragraph has been added in the “Conclusion and Recommendation” section indicating that the users are satisfied with the implemented systems. The paragraph states: "The users, both managers and staff, have been very satisfied with the implemented systems. These systems have improved not only the processes of top management's decision making and resource allocation but also the quality of customer service. All these help attract more customers to use the bank's services. " Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 61 2021/2/26

Recommendations • • • • Record and review your ideas Fill up your pipeline Know what the journal wants (criteria, style) Q&A Start with lower-tier SCI journal Track the submission progress Turn conference papers into journal papers Need to train yourself (single author) Work together, not alone Consult with top researcher Learn how to write Know the editors Know the acceptance rate of the journal Find the journals that need papers Try to cite the target journal in your paper Cod of ethics: (self) plagiarism, double dips, fake data and information, etc. Where there is a will, there is a way Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 62 2021/2/26

CACM Review Criteria General interest articles (3, 000 words maximum) cover material of substance and emphasize concepts and principles. An article sets the background, defines fundamental concepts, compares alternate approaches, and explains the significance or application of a particular technology or result by means of wellreasoned text and pertinent graphical material (3 figures and 3 tables maximum). Reference lists (12 references maximum) should indicate the most significant items supporting and substantiating the article; all listed references must be cited within the text of the article. Submissions in this category are reviewed for 1) technical accuracy, 2) importance to the field, 3) appropriateness to the audience, and 4) effectiveness of style and presentation. Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 63 2021/2/26

TQMJ/IJEB Review Criteria Recomm 1. This paper is based on rigorous academic standards. 2. This paper is presented in a format which is accessible by practitioners. It focuses on justification, results and implementation; has readable style; technical material is in appendix. 3. The paper has clarity of presentation. It is well organised, clearly written. 4. The paper makes a significant contribution to the body of knowledge related to this Journal. It is highly significant, breaks new ground, and provides a foundation for future research. 5. The topic of this paper is relevant, timely, and of interest to the audience of this journal. 6. The rationale for the paper is well grounded. It is based on a known theory or on an interesting issue. 7. The research methodology for the study is appropriate and applied properly. 8. The material of this paper is technically accurate and sound. 9. If this paper is a survey, it provides strong evidence of reliability and validity of the constructs. 10. Discussion of the results is based on analysis of data; results aren't overstated or overgeneralized 11. Implications and recommendations for management are relevant and useful. Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 64 2021/2/26

Prof. Dr. Gao’s Submission Log 1. 1993. 09. 16 Annals of Operations Research (“Follow-up evaluation of the performance of Taiwan forests after reorganization”) 1994. 05. 27 Rejection 2. 1994. 10. 11 J. Operational Research Society 11. 11 Recommend sending to OR Insight 3. 1994. 11. 23 European J. Operational Research (“Evaluation of efficiency changes: a case of Taiwan forests”) 1996. 01. 24 Revision (give up) Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 65 2021/2/26

4. 1996. 02. 12 J. Environmental Management 5. 1996. 11. 04 Omega, Int. J. Management Science (“Follow-up evaluation of the performance of Taiwan forests after reorganization”) 09. 23 Rejection 1997. 03. 06 06. 16 06. 30 08. 16 10. 04 11. 25 Copyright (c) E. Y. Li (“Data envelopment analysis for measuring efficiency changes: a case of Taiwan forests” ) Revision (1 st) Revision (2 nd) Revision (3 rd) Revision (4 th) Revision (5 th) Revision (6 th) Rejection 66 2021/2/26

6. 1999. 07. 20 Forest Science (“Measuring the performance improvement of Taiwan forests after reorganization”) 11. 16 Revision 2000. 05. 01 Acceptance Where there is a good paper, there is a journal (to publish) ! Copyright (c) E. Y. Li 67 2021/2/26

Potential Starting Journals • (IJEB) International Journal of Electronic Business – • • • Inderscience, UK (IJICS) International Journal of Information and Computer Security – Inderscience, UK (IJISAM) International Journal of Information Systems and Management – Inderscience, UK (IJIEM) International Journal of Internet and Enterprise Management – Inderscience, UK (IJIMA) International Journal of Internet Marketing and Advertising – Inderscience, UK (IJTPL) International Journal of Technology Policy and Law – Inderscience, UK (JBM) Journal of Business and Management – WDSI, USA

How to Publish in SSCI Journals: Author and Editor Perspectives ABSTRACT Publishing papers in SSCI journals is a time demanding task for social scientists. It requires much more writing effort than publishing papers in science and engineering journals. This lecture introduces the types of research projects for journal papers and share the experience in publishing them in SSCI journals. The components of a good SSCI paper are discussed and elucidated. Common mistakes and recommendations are identified from the perspective of an author as well as an editor.

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