HOW TO INSERT INTEXT CITATIONS MRHS English The

HOW TO INSERT IN-TEXT CITATIONS MRHS English

The Two Types of Citations References Page Citation (MLA References Citation) In-Paper Citation (MLA Parenthetical In-Text Citation) A MLA References Citation goes in your References page at the end of your essay. For example: � Coffin, Ignatious. Read Pendant Publishing Re fer Cit enc ati es on This, Francis. New York:

MLA Parenthetical In-Text Citation An in-text citation is used as a direct quote, paraphrase, summary, or statistic that you are using in your essay. In-Text Citations always refer to a source that will be listed in your References page. For Example: � As stated by noted educator, Ignatious Coffin, in his study of teenage readers entitled, Read This, Francis, “Once they find a book they like, students will read…go figure”. (Coffin 34 -35). Generally, if a student likes his/her subject matter, it will be much easier coercing him/her to read. In-Tex t Citatio n

Parenthetical In-Text Citations In MLA style, referring to the works of others in your text is done by using what's known as parenthetical citation (in brackets). Immediately following a quotation, summary, or a paraphrase of a source's ideas, you place the author's name followed by a space and the relevant page number(s). The same rules apply for books, encyclopedias, Internet sites, and other online sources.

Parenthetical In-Text Citations You know how to make a References page, but it's also important to know that parenthetical in-text citations and references pages allow readers to know which sources you consulted in writing your essay, so that they can either: � verify your interpretation of the sources; or � use them in their own scholarly work. Works Cited = References

Example: Parenthetical Citation From a Book Let’s say we’re using information from a book written by Kenneth Burke and our subject is language use: �From Mc. Donald’s golden arches to the Nike swoosh, “human beings have been described as "symbolusing animals" (Burke 3). In fact, the middle finger is a universal symbol, common worldwide.

References Page Your in-text citation will correspond with an entry in your References page, which, for our example, will look something like this: Burke, Kenneth. Language as Symbolic Action: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method. Berkeley: U of California P, 1966. e the c i t o N h den n i g angin t?

When Citation is Unneccessary Common sense and ethics should determine your need for documenting sources. � You do not need to give sources for familiar proverbs, well-known quotations or common knowledge. Basically, any information gained through research is NOT common knowledge and, as a result, needs to be cited. �A good rule of thumb is this: if you were asked to recall the information in a month and you could

Why do We Use Researched Evidence? Strengthens the argument. � You aren’t a proven expert in the topic you’ve chosen. Having an expert support what you’ve written makes the writing stronger. Provides primary source information. � Shows your reader how you’ve interpreted the author and your reasoning for doing so. Gives you evidence to analyze. � And then demonstrates your analysis skills. Allows you to address and acknowledge the author who actually spent some time researching and working in the field.

Using Researched Material in Your Essay Ensure that you introduce the source (person, web author, encyclopedia entry, etc. ) whose material you’re using: � Statistics Pa Canada, in its 2008 population report, te claimed there were more Marys than Margarets o u se Q a hr born in 2007. (www. statscan. ca) ct p e a r ir D Tell the reader the author and title � John Belushi, in his 1977 autobiography, Food Fight, claimed, “I didn’t even like eggs, but I ate them for my art. ” (Belushi 99) Belushi’s egg-

Remember the Three Steps to In-Text Local historian and gravedigger, Ignatious p U t e S Coffin, in his worst-selling novel, Read This, Francis, names the tendency to come to terms with difficult experiences a "purification process" whereby “covering your head, Plant hiding under your bed sucking your thumb is a valid method of dealing with the madness and uncertainty in today’s world" (11). Coffin Foto argues that humans need their llo“purify” w past trauma through a systematic head. Up

FROM ‘DALMATIAN DEATH ROW’ Looking at In-Text Citations

Dalmatian Death Row Is 102 Dalmatians to Blame for Unwanted Pets? Disney's new movie 102 Dalmatians promises to be fun, heartwarming, and great entertainment. But this sequel, which features 102 adorable puppies, may mean trouble for thousands of real-life dogs. After 101 Dalmatians was released in 1996, many fans of the movie bought Dalmatian puppies of their own. But dogs of this breed don't always make the best family pets. A large number ended up at animal shelters. According to the U. S. Humane Society, pet shelters across the country took in as many as seven times the usual number of abandoned Dalmatian puppies that year. Many had to be euthanized -- killed with a lethal

Dalmatian Death Row Last summer, activists from three groups -- Media Partners for Pets, In Defense of Animals, and the Amanda Foundation -- demanded that Disney take responsibility for the unwanted dogs that are likely to be abandoned after the movie. They said that Disney should donate one percent of their profits from the movie and merchandise to animal shelters. Bud Disney says that's not its responsibility. The company says the movie portrays animal shelters as a great place to find a pet, and in no way encourages

Summary � According to a recent article in Scope, animal activists are demanding that Disney should donate one percent of the profits from ‘ 102 Dalmatians’ to animal shelters to care for abandoned dogs (Scope 5). � Animal activists are demanding that Disney donate one percent of profits from ‘ 102 Dalmatians’ to animal shelters (Scope 5)

Inserting Research (3 lines or less) Whether it is summarized, paraphrased, quoted, or statistical evidence, it must be inserted (using the Three Steps to In-Text) and properly cited. If your material is three lines or less: � An article in Scope reported that concern over abandoned Dalmatian dogs produced by the movie ‘ 102 Dalmatians’ led animal activists to demand “that Disney should donate one percent of their profits from the movie and merchandise to animal shelters” (5).

Incorporating Quotes Over 4 Lines If you research is four lines or more, then single-space it and indent it from both margins (apart from the regular text): � Scope reported that concern over abandoned …activists three groups – Dalmatian dogsfrom caused: Indent Media Partners for Pets, In Defense of Animals, and the Amanda Foundation – to demand that Disney…donate one percent of their profits from the movie and merchandise to animal shelters. Indent

In-Text Activity Using three separate research index cards for the upcoming essay, create the following: �A quote incorporated into a sentence (use the 3 Steps with proper MLA parenthetical in-text citation). � A summary of the content of the source (approximately 50 words with MLA parenthetical in-text citation – using the 3 Steps). � A paraphrase of one paragraph of the source (with proper MLA parenthetical in-text citation – using the 3 Steps). � Also include the source’s MLA References