How do artists create depth and distance on

How do artists create depth and distance on a flat surface, like canvas or paper? Paolo Veronese, The Wedding at Cana, 1563 (The Renaissance), oil l on canvas. The Louvre Museum, Paris, France

Can you list some techniques artists use to create depth and distance?

: below the horizon line, objects appear higher on the picture plane as they get farther away. Above the horizon line, objects appear lower on the picture plane as they get farther away. Pieter de Hooch Musical Party in a Courtyard Claude Monet, Hotel des Roches Noires,

Color intensity is much greater closer to the viewer and tends to get blurry and lighter in color it goes toward the vanishing point. Cool colors recede: Cool colors may appear farther away. Warm colors advance: Warm colors may appear closer. Jean-Antoine Watteau, The Perspective

: By partially covering one object with another it gives an appearance of depth Sidney Goodman, Free Fall

Size: objects appear smaller as they get farther away. Georges Seurat, A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte

: Objects have less detail as they go toward the horizon line Thomas Cole, View on the Catskill - Early Autumn

In the Renaissance, painters needed to be able to translate threedimensional world around them onto a FLAT two-dimensional surface.

The discovery of perspective is attributed to the Renaissance architect Filippo Brunelleschi (1377 -1446), who suggested a system that explained how objects shrink in size according to their position and distance from the eye.

The Linear Perspective A mathematical system for creating the illusion of space and distance on a flat surface.

Leonardo da Vinci was one of the first artists to understand apply aerial and linear perspective to his art and invention sketches

Leonardo da Vinci's Last Supper

Video- Leonardo's Third Eye

Masaccio. Tribute Money, and Expulsion, fresco c 1427. Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine Florence, Italy, Italian Renaissance

Let’s review, shall we? ? One – point Perspective Two – point Perspective How are they the same…. different…. ?

One – point Perspective

FIRST What is a HORIZON LINE?

One-point perspective imitates the way our eyes see object disappearing to a single point on the horizon, called……

…a vanishing point! All lines converging lines, or orthogonal lines, meet at the vanishing point.

WHAT ARE CONVERGENCE LINES?

Lines leading to the vanishing point are called converging lines.

Two – point Perspective

Do together! Draw the corner of the object first. Draw the converging lines to the vanishing points. (these are the sides of the form)

Complete the visible sides of the box by drawing the corners, shown here with red lines. Draw yours likewise, making sure they are nice and square, at perfect right angles to the horizon line. Not even a hint of a tilt! This is the tricky part. Drawing the back, hidden sides of the box. You need to draw two sets of vanishing lines. One set goes from the right-hand corner line (top and bottom) to the LEFT VP (VP 1). Another set goes from the left-hand corner line to the RIGHT VP (VP 2). They cross over

simply draw a vertical line from the where the lower two vanishing lines cross, to the intersection of the upper two lines - the red line in the example. Practice Erase guide lines. You did it!

Studio in Art Linear Perspective Project Perspective Review Video 10 minutes

1. Decide on a theme…you have creative freedom with this, however, it needs to be clear. The subject can be rendered to be fantasy, surrealism, sci-fi, romance, mystery…etc. Think scenes from a movie, book or places you have been, or dreamed about going, or found inside your dreams! 2. Interior or Exterior, you decide! 3. Composition… Review the rules! Fill the paper! 4. USE A RULER FOR ALL STRAIGHT LINES! – try using protractors & t squares! 5. SKETCHBOOK ASSIGNMENT: 4 SKETCHES showing preliminary ideas 6. After critique to help generate more ideas and suggestions to improve your preliminary ideas, gather as many references as you can to help you draw as realistically as possible…remember contour drawing rules – draw what you see, not what you think you see! 7. ROUGH DRAFT – perspective doesn’t have to be perfect, but really spend time on the layout. (9 x 12 drawing paper) 8. FINAL DRAFT – WORK IT! MAKE IT AWESOME! 9. FORMAL Critique about April 22 ish – before students are ready to apply sharpie outline 10. Sharpie-ize – Overlap all your pencil work with ultra-fine sharpie…do NOT shade using sharpie…just outline… You spent all that time using a ruler for your pencil work, so you MUST use a ruler with your sharpie, AS WELL!

Interior layout options (you are not limited) PLEASE REVIEW COMPOSITIONAL STRATEGIES! 1 point 2 point Exterior Layout is determined by where you put your horizon line and vanishing point!

IMPORTANT!!!!! You may use a vanishing point that is off the drawing page, just make sure to tape your paper to a larger piece of paper that shows the vanishing point. er ap p g i B Final draft paper

Visual Rubric…. Meh. . Not even close to “STUDIO” 1 evel

A-meh-zing! Try a different vantage point or point of view. Try extreme perspective. REMEMBER THE RULES OF COMPOSITION!

Approach the drawing by breaking it down into simple shapes. Use those shapes as the ‘skeleton’ of the more complex forms you will be drawing when you add detail. That may help you keep this project from seeming too complicated.

Pay attention to details… use Variety to create interest

Remember that the background is just as important as the foreground and middle ground. Keep it interesting, but don’t distract the main subject area. It should play the supporting role!

All of this is possible if you follow the rules of perspective! In this Two Point Drawing, every line in the structure is VERTICAL, HORIZONTAL or CONVERGING…. that is IT!!! You just have to figure out which way it goes…and it is obvious for the most part!

Good Luck and Have Fun!