How did Hitler become Chancellor in 1933 Includes

How did Hitler become Chancellor in 1933? Includes background info and the lead up to Hitler’s nomination as Chancellor

The Early Years Of The Nazi Party u u u 1919 - The German Worker’s Party was formed Adolf Hitler joined it and was quickly identified as a great public speaker. He was put in charge of propaganda. 1920 - He wrote the 25 -point programme, outlining the party’s aims and views. Included anti-Semitism. Later the party was renamed the National Socialist German Worker’s Party, or the Nazi Party for short. Support began to grow as the party channelled its views out to the public through its own newspaper. 1921 - Hitler became leader – He founded the SA – They aimed to protect the Nazi Party meetings and disrupt the meetings of their opponents – Attractive to unemployed soldiers, and were known for their brutality

1923 - The Munich Putsch u u u The invasion of the Ruhr had recently sparked hyperinflation and an economic crisis Hitler aimed to take advantage of the chaos by attempting a take over He interrupted a meeting of the Bavarian Government in the Munich Beer hall, and essentially forced them into agreeing with his plans He marched on Munich, but the politicians betrayed him He had expected the army to support him, but instead they turned against him. Several Nazis were shot, and Hitler was arrested. The Putsch failed

What happened next? u Hitler was able to spread party propaganda through his trial u He was sentenced to 5 years in jail by a lenient court who obviously partly sympathised with his case. In reality he spent about 8 months in jail. u The Nazi Party was banned and so was its newspaper

Hitler was now determined to win power through legal methods u u u But the success of Stresemann made this hard- people didn’t want to or need to support an extremist party 1925 - Hitler got the ban on his party lifted He started the Hitler youth and the personal bodyguard, the SS He divided Germany in 32 districts and allocated a Nazi to each He readopted the 25 point programme 1927 - First Nuremburg rally

The events that helped him become chancellor… 1) The Economic Crisis u u u 3 rd October 1929 - Stresemann died. This left Germany weak without one of its most able politicians. October 1929 - The Wall Street crash. US loans to German industries were called in, leaving industries unable to function. Many closed down, and unemployment rose dramatically. Wages were low People began to turn on the Weimar Republic again People looked to more extremist groups, like the Nazis and Communists for a solution

The events that helped him become chancellor… 1) The Political Crisis u u u 1929 - Gov. led by Muller of the Social Democratic Party 1930 - Replaced by Bruning (Centre Party) 1930 -1932 - Reichstage met less and less, Hindenburg (president) issued hundreds of decrees Hitler exploited this crisis by holding rallies, touring Germany and promising to restore the economy Election results showed the growing success of the Nazis: – 1930 - 107 seats – July 1932 - 230 seats u u 1932 - Bruning replaced by Von Papen was replaced by Von Schleicher. He wanted revenge. January 1933 - Von Papen persuaded Hindenburg to replace Von Schleicher with Hitler, with Von Papen as vice-chancellor. He thought he could manipulate Hitler. But Hitler showed he would not be manipulated.