How are Crimes Classified Business Crimes Chapter 3

2 Elements in every crime n What are the 3 elements that must be proved before anyone can be convicted of a crime?

Elements in every crime… n Criminal Act—Conduct that is forbidden. Voluntary conduct. n Required State of Mind—the criminal intended to commit the crime.

$Crimes are Classified in Two Ways n Felonies n Misdemeanors n Infraction$

Crimes are Classified in Two Ways n Felonies n Misdemeanors n Infraction

FELONY Very Serious Crime Punishable by confinement for more than one year in state prison or by execution

Felonies are… n n n n n Murder Kidnapping Arson Rape Robbery Burglary Embezzlement Forgery Theft of large sums Perjury

MISDEMEANOR Less Serious Crime Punishable by confinement in a county or city jail for less than one year, fine or confinement and fine.

Misdemeanors are… n Disorderly conduct n Speeding n Shoplifting n Vandalism n Jaywalking

INFRACTIONS Lesser Misdemeanor Can only be fined

$Infractions are… n Parking violations n Failing to clear snow from sidewalks n littering$

Infractions are… n Parking violations n Failing to clear snow from sidewalks n littering

White-Collar Crimes n Business persons and firms can commit crimes. n Well-educated, respected members n No physical violence involved – Courts are more lenient – Fines or short prison sentences

White-Collar Crimes (examples) Evading income taxes Defrauding consumers Cheating with false weighing machines Conspiring to fix prices Making false fire insurance and auto insurance claims n False advertising n Committing bribery n Political corruption n embezzling n n n