Housing Hafiz I Osman Housing Are residential environment

Housing Hafiz I. Osman

Housing: Are residential environment which is defined as the physical structure that man uses, including all necessary services, facilities, equipment, and devices needed or desired for physical and mental health and the social well-being of the family and the individual. Good housing essential for good health, security, shelter, comfort and for good working conditions.

Principle and objectives of healthful housing: 1 -SHELTER: Provide shelter against wind and weather, spacious enough to provide room for setting, sleeping, working, and socialization need for family member

2 -SAFETY: Provide safe environment, clean air, pure water, safe food and hygienic living.

3 -SECURITY: It must serve as an insurance against loss of life and loss of property and valuables.

4 -PRIVACY: Privacy for bath room, change room, bed room.

Criteria for healthful housing: - 1 -provide physical protection and shelter. 2 -provide adequately for cooking, eating and excretory functions.

3 -it designed and constructed such as to prevent spread of communicable diseases. 4 -provide for protection from hazard of exposure and noise and pollution. 5 -encourage personal and community development.

Housing Standard: 1 -Site: - soil should be dry and safe, site should be away from field, marshy area and trenching ground traffic.

2 -Setback: -There is no obstruction to lighting and ventilation. 3 -floor: -should be smooth, free from crack, and crevices to prevent insect breeding.

4 -wall: -constructed from bricks and plastered both sides. 5 -Roof: -should have a low heat transmittance coefficient.

6 -Rooms: live rooms should not be less than two, at least one of which can be closed for security.

7 -floor area: floor area of living room should be at least 120 sq. ft, for one person, at least 100 sq. ft of floor space should be allowed,

8 -Windows: - every room should be provided with at least 2 windows, at least one of them should open directly to an open space.

9 -Kitchen: - the kitchen must be protected against dust and smoke, adequate light and provided with water supply and drainage.

Effect of poor housing: 1 - RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; common cold, TB, bronchitis, whooping cough, ect. 2 - SKIN INFECTIONS: -scabies, leprosy, ringworm.

3 -RAT INFESTATION: - plague 4 - ARTHROPODS: - house flies, mosquito and bugs.

5 - MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY: -high morbidity and mortality rates are observed where housing condition are substandard.

6 - OVERCROWDING: -resulting in health problem, it may promote spread of respiratory system infections such as TB, influenza, and diphtheria.

References: Basic concept of community health nursing