Honors Anatomy Physiology THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM ANS
- Slides: 20
Honors Anatomy & Physiology THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
ANS � in PNS � operates via reflex arcs � includes: � autonomic sensory neurons � integrating centers in CNS � autonomic motor neurons
AUTONOMIC REFLEX ARC
AUTONOMIC MOTOR NEURONS � when somatic motor neurons sends impulse to a muscle the effect always excitatory…if they stop sending impulses that muscle atrophies � autonomic motor neurons regulate visceral activities by either increasing (exciting) or decreasing (inhibiting) ongoing activities in their effector tissues (cardiac or smooth muscle, glands)
COMPARISONS OF ANS & SOMATIC NS
AUTONOMIC SENSORY NEURONS � source of most input to ANS via sensory receptors called interoceptors � not consciously perceived most of time � located in: � blood vessels � visceral organs � muscles � in nervous system
AUTONOMIC RESPONSES � most cannot be altered to any great degree making some responses ideally suited for lie detector tests
AUTONOMIC MOTOR PATHWAYS � most consist of 3 motor neurons in series � 1 st neuron has cell body in CNS myelinated axon synapses in autonomic ganglion with 2 nd motor neuron cell body: its unmyelinated axon effector � except
AUTONOMIC MOTOR PATHWAY
SYMPATHETIC DIVISION � � preganglionic axons from thoracolumbar nerves ganglia far from visceral effector in: � � sympathetic chain or collateral ganglia neurotransmitter used: � � ACh in ganglia NE in effector organ PARASYMPATHETIC DIVISION � � � preganglionic axons from craniosacral nerves ganglia near or w/in visceral effector organs neurotransmitter used: � � ACh in ganglia ACh in effector organ 2 BRANCHES OF MOTOR PART OF ANS
MOTOR PART OF ANS � most organs have dual innervation � nerve impulses from 1 will increase activity (excitation) & impulses from other decrease activity (inhibition)
SYMPATHETIC GANGLIA � 2 1. groups: sympathetic trunk ganglia 1. 2. lie in vertical row, either side of vertebrae prevertebral ganglia 1. lie anterior to vertebral column close to large abdominal arteries
SYMPATHETIC DIVISION OF ANS
PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA � most close to or w/in effector organ
EFFECTS OF SYMPATHETIC & PARASYMPATHETIC DIVISIONS OF THE ANS
HOMEOSTATIC IMBALANCES OF THE ANS � Raynaud’s � due phenomenon: to excessive sympathetic stimulation of smooth muscles in arterioles of digits � digits become ischemic (lack of blood) after exposure to cold or with emotional stress
MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY � autonomic nerve neuropathy: often caused by long-standing diabetes, neuropathy affects 1 or more autonomic nerves, can interfere with reflexes � hyperhydrosis: profuse sweating due to intense stimulation of sweat glands � vagotomy: cutting vagus nerve; often done to decrease production of HCl in patients with severe ulcers
- Somatic motor pathway
- Skeletal muscle autonomic nervous system
- Autonomic nervous system consists of
- Ans
- Ganglion on spine
- Autonomic nervous system
- The autonomic nervous system controls
- Visceral autonomic nervous system
- Autonomic dysreflexia
- Major division of nervous system
- Fundamentals of the nervous system and nervous tissue
- Nervous
- Processes of nerve cell
- Anatomy and physiology unit 7 cardiovascular system
- Human respiratory system diagram
- Male vs female skeleton pelvis
- Autonomic nerveous system
- Upper respiratory system labeled
- Tattoo anatomy and physiology
- International anatomy olympiad
- Specialized stems examples