Homeostasis Give me some Feedback Homeostasis Maintaining of

Homeostasis Give me some Feedback!

Homeostasis* * Maintaining of a stable internal environment • Homeostatic Control Mechanisms – monitors aspects of the internal environment and corrects as needed. Variations are within limits. There are three (3) parts: • Receptor - provides information about the stimuli • Control Center - tells what a particular value should be (called the set point) • Effector - elicits responses that change conditions in the internal environment 2

Homeostatic Control Mechanisms Copyright © The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Control center (set point) Receptors Stimulus (Change occurs in internal environment. ) (Change is compared to the set point. ) Effectors (muscles or glands) Response 3 (Change is corrected. )

Homeostatic Control Mechanisms Copyright © The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Control center The hypothalamus detects the deviation from the set point and signals effector organs. Receptors Thermoreceptors send signals to the control center. Stimulus Body temperature rises above normal. Effectors Skin blood vessels dilate and sweat glands secrete. Response Body heat is lost to surroundings, temperature drops toward normal. too high Normal body temperature 37°C (98. 6°F) too low Stimulus Body temperature drops below normal. Receptors Thermoreceptors send signals to the control center. Response Body heat is conserved, temperature rises toward normal. Effectors Skin blood vessels constrict and sweat glands remain inactive. Control center The hypothalamus detects the deviation from the set point and signals effector organs. Effectors Muscle activity generates body heat. If body temperature continues to drop, control center signals muscles to contract Involuntarily. 4

Homeostatic Control Mechanisms • There are two (2) types: • Negative feedback mechanisms • Positive feedback mechanisms 5

Homeostatic Control Mechanisms Negative feedback summary: • Prevents sudden, severe changes in the body • Corrects the set point • Causes opposite of bodily disruption to occur, i. e. the ‘negative’ • Most common type of feedback loop • Examples: body temperature, blood pressure & glucose regulation 6

Homeostatic Control Mechanisms Positive feedback summary: • Increases (accelerates) the actions of the body • short-lived • do not require continuous adjustments • Produces more instability and chaos in the body • Controls only infrequent events that do not require continuous adjustments. • Examples: blood clotting and child birth 7