Home Plug AV PHY c 2013 R Newman

Home. Plug AV PHY (c) 2013 R. Newman University of Florida

What is Home. Plug AV? • Broadband PLC for home networking • Open industry standard – 6+ manufacturers (including Intellon) • Developed 2003 -2007 by Homeplug Powerline Alliance (HPA) – Consortium of chip designers, OEMs, PLC users – Products shipped in 2006 • Second ethernet class PLC, most widely available – 150 Mbps coded PHY data rate – 0 ver 40 million units shipped • Comprises – PHY – modulation, coupling, FEC, etc. – MAC – medium access, ARQ, etc.

Reference Model

Protocol Layer Architecture

HPAV Networks • Physical Network (Phy. Net) – – Relative to a station (STA) All other STAs able to communicate with the reference STA • Logical Network (AVLN) – – Has a Central Coordinator (CCo) STA Set of STAs with same • • Network ID (NID) and Network Membership Key (NMK) (usually)

AV Logical Networks • Neighbor networks • Hidden nodes

HPAV STA Roles • STA = Level-0 CCo (no Qo. S support) – Assoc/Authenticate new STA – TEI provisioning – CSMA operation – Neighbor Network (NNW) passive coordination • Level-1 CCo = Level-0 plus: – TDMA operation/scheduling/admission control – GLID provisioning – Uncoordinated mode with NNWs • Level-2 CCo = Level-1 plus: – Coordinated mode with NNWs

HPAV PHY • Windowed OFDM – 917 carriers 1. 8 – 30 MHz • 40. 96 us symbol time, 4. 96 us rolloff • Variable Cyclic Prefix • Turbo Convolution Codes, copy codes • Robust Frame Control (-5 d. B) • Robo Modes (5 & 10 Mbps) • Bit Loaded Payload – Tone Maps synchronized with AC line cycle – coherent modulation up to 1024 -QAM – 200 Mbps channel rate/150 Mbps information rate

HPAV Transceiver

HPAV Transmitter • Data paths for HP 1. 0. 1 FC, AV FC, and payload • Turbo convolutional encoders for AV paths • Architecture similar to HP 1. 0. 1 transmitter

HPAV Receiver • 384 point FFT for HP 1. 0. 1 FC • 3072 point FFT for AV FC and payload • Turbo convolutional decoders for AV paths

HPAV OFDM • 1155 evenly spaced carriers 1. 80 -30. 00 Mhz – 917 carriers used for modulation – notch amateur/government bands – 24. 414 k. Hz carrier spacing – 40. 96 usec raw symbol duration • Cyclic Prefix (CP) has three lengths – – – Set by tone map during channel adaptation 4. 96 usec roll-off interval + variable Guard Interval 18. 32 usec GI for Frame Control 5. 56 usec GI for Robo, HS-Robo 7. 56 usec GI for mini-Robo 47. 12, 7. 56, and 5. 56 usec GI for negotiated TMs

HPAV OFDM • Modulation • Coherent modulation used • BPSK, QPSK, 8 -QAM, 16 -QAM, 64 -QAM, 256 -QAM, 1024 -QAM (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 bits/carrier) • Negotiated TMs • Carriers bit-loaded • Robust Modulation Modes • • • QPSK all unmasked carriers, rate ½ turbo code GI and interleaving redundancy differs (4, 2, 5 copies) Robo ~ 5 Mbps, 520 octet PHY Block (PB 520) High-speed Robo ~ 10 Mbps, PB 520 mini-Robo ~ 4 Mbps, 136 octet PB (PB 136)

HPAV PHY Frames • 4 PPDU Formats • AV-Only Short PPDU – Only HPAV preamble and Frame Control (FC) • AV-Only Long PPDU – Like above, but with (data) payload • Hybrid Short PPDU – Hybrid preamble, HP 1. 0 FC and HPAV FC • Hybrid Long PPDU – Like above, but with (data) payload

HPAV PHY Payload • Forward Error Correction (FEC) blocks – 520 octet or 136 octet length • 4 Modulation Types – Fixed: ROBO, High-speed ROBO, Mini-Robo – Negotiated Tone Maps (channel capacity) • 5 PHY Payload Formats • Mini-ROBO + one 136 -octet FEC Block • ROBO + one 520 -octet FEC Block • High-Speed ROBO + 1 -3 520 -octet FEC Blocks • Negotiated TM + one 136 -octet FEC Block • Negotiated TM + >= 1 520 -octet FEC Blocks

AV Mode Long PPDU • AV-Only Delimiter • Preamble of 7. 5 SYNCP and 2. 5 SYNCM symbols • HPAV FC may have 2 symbols • Second FC symbol used when many carriers masked • Cyclic prefix fixed on first 2 payload symbols • CP assigned by TM after that

HPAV Hybrid Long PPDU • Hybrid Delimiter • Preamble of 7. 5 SYNCP and 1. 5 SYNCM symbols • HPAV FC may have 2 symbols • Cyclic prefix fixed on first 2 payload symbols • CP assigned by tone map after that

HPAV Symbol • • 75 MHz Clock 3072 -point IFFT (40. 96 usec) Roll-off Interval (RI) = 372 samples (4. 96 usec) Guard Interval (GI) variable • 1374 samples for FC (18. 32 usec) • 417, 567, or 3534 samples for data • 417 for Robo + HS-Robo, 567 for mini-Robo

HPAV Special Symbols • Detection of these used for Physical Carrier Sense (PCS) • SYNCP and SYNCM symbols • Used only in preamble • Omit CP (raw symbols only – repeated) • SYNCM is SYNCP inverted • Priority Resolution Signal • Derived from HP 1. 0. 1 PRS • Add HPAV carriers • Reverse sign of phases used in preamble

Frame Control FEC Encoder • Rate ½ turbo convolutional encoder • Interleaver • Diversity copier • QPSK on all unmasked carriers • Q-channel offset by 128 from I-channel • A second symbol (if needed) starts with bit address offset by 64 from first symbol

Payload FEC Encoder • Turbo convolutional encoder • Two rate 2/3 recursive systematic convolutional (RSC) constituent codes • Both have 8 states • Support 520, 136, 16 octet blocks • Rate ½ or 16/21 after puncturing

HPAV NA Transmit Spectrum Mask Band used by Home. Plug AV

HPAV Spectral Occupancy

HPAV Carrier Spectral Occupancy Band used by Home. Plug 1. 0