Holt Chapter 2 Review Pages 54 55 in
- Slides: 21
Holt Chapter 2 Review Pages 54, 55 in the Holt textbook
Using vocabulary • 1. Mass/Volume • Mass - the amount of matter in a given substance • Volume - the amount of space taken up or occupied by an object
• 2. Mass/Weight • Mass - the amount of matter that an object has; measure of inertia • Weight - a measure of the gravitational force on an object. This will change depending on location from Earth
• 3. Inertia/Mass • Inertia - the tendency of all objects to resist any change in motion, • Mass - the measure of inertia. The more massive an object is, the more inertia it has.
• 4. Volume/Density • Volume - the amount of space an object occupies • Density - the amount of mass in a given volume (D=M/V)
• 5. Physical property/chemical property • Physical property of matter can be observed without changing the identity of the matter • Chemical property describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance with different properties
• 6. Physical change/Chemical change • Physical change - when this occurs, the identity of the substance remains the same; its shape or form may change. • Chemical change - occurs when one of more substances changes into a new substance with different properties
Understanding Concepts • 7. C) Sunshine is not matter • 8. The mass of an elephant on the moon would be D) none of those answers. It would have the same mass wherever it was located, however it’s weight would change depending on its distance from Earth.
• 9. B) Malleability is NOT a chemical property • 10. Your weight could be expressed in d) both a) pounds, and b) Newtons • 11. A pencil accidentally broken is an example of a) a physical change.
• 12. True statements • A) Density depends on mass and volume • 13. Greatest attraction towards each other • C) a 10 kg object and a 10 kg object, 2 meters apart (more massive objects, and close together in distance) • 14. Inertia increases as c) mass increases
Short Answers • 15. Measuring the volume of a liquid either by pouring it into a graduated cylinder or beaker, or into a container of a known volume • Measuring the volume of a solid measure length x width x height or use other ruler measurement formulas for circles, triangles, etc.
• 16. As mass increases, inertia increases. Example, it is more difficult to move a dresser than a shoe box; it is more difficult to stop a ball rolling down a hill than a ball rolling on the flat floor. • They are directly proportional
• 17. Density = Mass / Volume • 18. Characteristic properties of matter include: state, malleability, solubility, density, thermal conductivity. , reactivity with acids, melting point, boiling point. • 19. Concept map - see white board
Critical Thinking and Problem Solving • 20. Scrambled eggs had been chemically changed, protein changes, and therefore are not able to revert to original status. Therefore you cannot then try to poach them.
• 21. The neighbor that is moving in next door has many boxes. The ones he cannot lift have a lot of mass, and therefore more inertia. This means that they want to remain at rest, and it will take a lot more energy to move them.
• 22. Astronauts are really not weightless in space. They just appear that way, as the gravitational force is so little, that its calculation with mass is nearly ‘’ 0”. However, the astronauts still have mass, and therefore have weight (or force), as all objects gravitate toward each other.
• 23. Volume is the amount of space occupied by a substance. The volume of the container refers to how much it can hold, even if there is nothing in it (except air); in other words, it’s capacity.
Math in Science • 24. Volume = L x W x H • • • W= 10 cm L = 2 W H = 1/2 W V= 10 x (2(10)x (1/2)10) = 10 x 20 x 5 = 1000 cm 3
• 25. To determine the liquid on top, you need to calculate the density of each. • Glycerin D=37. 8 g/30 m. L = 1. 26 g/m. L • Corn syrup D= 82. 8 g/60 ml = 1. 38 g/m. L • Glycerin is less dense, so it will be on top
Interpreting Graphics • 26. The soda can is squashed, red, metal like, shiny, sharp and smooth • 27. A physical change took place • 28. The density is the same squashed and not squashed, it is a characteristic property • 29. No, chemical properties can only be observed when a chemical change might occur - such as when it is burning. (flammability)
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