HIVAIDS HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus The virus that

HIV/AIDS

HIV • Human Immunodeficiency Virus: – The virus that ends up as AIDS – HIV attacks the immune system, which makes it difficult for the immune system to defend the body against infections – Infections that would be harmless to a healthy person can be fatal to a person with HIV

AIDS • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: – Final phase of the HIV virus – Classified as a STD, but can be spread in other ways • sharing infected equipment for injecting drugs, tattooing, or ear piercing

HIV facts • 1 st cases were diagnosed in U. S. in 1981 in N. Y. & S. F. = 379 reported cases – 10 years later = more than 200, 000 cases – End of 1995 = over 500, 000 cases • Many of the initial cases were in homosexual men, many people believed only homosexuals can get it = FALSE!!!!! • Anyone who engages in risky behaviors can become infected with HIV

How it enters the body (pg 670) • Virus must find away into the bloodstream – Can spread through contact with infected blood • Sharing drug needles, syringes & tattoo equipment that’s not properly maintained – Sexual contact with infected person • Enters through the lining of the vagina, penis, rectum or mouth during sex. – Can be transmitted during pregnancy, birth &/or breast milk

Ways You Can NOT Contract HIV casual contact simple kiss donating blood bug bites

Body fluids that… Will transmit the virus: • Blood • Semen/Ejaculate • Pre-cum • Vaginal Fluids • Breast Milk Will NOT transmit the virus: • Saliva/Spit • Urine/Pee • Sweat • Tears • Vomit • Feces/Poop • Mucus/Boogers/Snot

How does it work? (pg 671) • HIV targets white blood cells (T 4) – T 4 cells are important because they coordinate the defense against infections • By targeting T 4 cells it destroys the immune system • Once the immune system is destroyed the body becomes defenseless against other viruses, bacteria, fungi & cancer cells

HIV/AIDS: (3 Phases) Phase 1: Infection With No Signs/ Symptoms • Possible to live many years without any signs/symptoms • Once diagnosed you are “HIVpositive” • Can transmit the disease

HIV/AIDS: (3 Phases) Phase 2: With Signs & Symptoms • Immune system will begin to fail • Signs/Symptoms include: – Enlarged lymph nodes, Fever, Headache, Extreme tiredness, Sever weight loss, Excessive sweating at night, Persistent skin rashes/flaky skin, Short-term memory loss

HIV/AIDS: (3 Phases) Phase 3: “AIDS” • Official criteria for diagnosing AIDS: – Have fewer than 200 T 4 cells p/cubic millimeter of blood. (Healthy adults = 1, 000 +) AND – presence of an opportunistic infection(s)

HIV/AIDS: (3 Phases) • Opportunistic infections generally don’t affect healthy people in a sever manner – Symptoms of opportunistic infections: Fever, Vision loss, Coughing & shortness of breath, Seizures & lack of coordination, Difficult or painful swallowing, Pneumonia & coma

HIV Testing (pg 676) • HIV-antibody test: – checks blood for HIV antibodies – can take 6 -12 weeks, at times up to 6 months for antibodies to show up on a test

Open to page 678

Open to page 674

HIV/AIDS Video

Review Page 682 -684 #1 -5, 8 -14, 16 -24, 2631, 33