History Theorists and Research Chapter 1 Summary Notes

History, Theorists and Research Chapter 1 Summary Notes * Notes for educational purposes only-use with course textbook

Theory Orderly, integrated set of statements that n Describes n Explains and n Predicts behavior n Provide organized frameworks for observations n Provide and a guide and meaning to observations n

Development-Continuous or Discontinuous?

Continuous Smooth n No stages n gradual n

Discontinuous Stages n Rapid changes n Interpretations are qualitatively different n

Nature vs Nurture n Nature – Inborn biological – Hereditary and genetics n Nurture – Physical and social world influence biological makeup

Major Periods of Human Development Table 1. 1 n Page 8 n Please read and review n

Ways to look at development n n n Multidirectional Multidimensional Plastic Age-graded History-graded Nonnormative influences

History John Locke-tabula rasa-blank slate n Jean Jacques Rousseau-noble savages n

Scientific Periods Darwin-survival of the fittest n Normative Periodgenetically determined process that unfolds n Mental testing-Binet, IQ etc n

Major Theorists n Freudphyschosexual theory – Id, ego and superego – Table 1. 2

Development and Learning Theories and Theorists n Cognitive Development Theory – Jean Piaget table 1. 4 n Sociocultural Theory n – B. F. Skinner n Multiple Intelligence – Howard Gardner – Lev Vygotsky n Theory (psychosocial) -Erikson table 1. 3 Behavioral Theory Ecological Systems – Bronfenbrenner • Microsystem • Mesosystem • macrosystem

Review n Table 1. 5 n Please read and reivew

Research n Observations – Naturalistic – Structured Self reports interviews Case studies Ethongraphy Table 1. 6

Ethics n n n Protect from harm Informed consent Privacy Knowledge of results Beneficial treatment IRB