HISTORY OF VISION SCIENCE The first theory of
- Slides: 20
HISTORY OF VISION SCIENCE
The first theory of vision comes from a man called “Plato”. • He lived 2, 400 years ago in ancient Greece.
He thought colours were caused by mixing two beams of one beam came out light and of our eye! (Just like in comic books)
The first man to disagree with Plato was his famous student named “Aristotle”.
Aristotle was 43 years younger than Plato. He said it was stupid to think vision happens “when something comes out of our eyes”
Aristotle said colour (and vision) was carried in only one direction. Toward our eye when light reflected off objects and back into our eye.
EUCLID CICERO PTOLEMY But many very smart people still agreed with Plato. His theory did make sense of what vision feels like. We think vision is directed out toward where to we choose to look.
“I have two vision theories to choose from. I pick Plato’s theory. It matches my dissections. Something flows down from the brain to the eyes through hollow optic nerves. ”
“This goes into the eyeball and out through the lens to what we see. ”
“That’s why wild animal eyes glow in the dark”
• Alhazen noticed that strong light affected the eye and not the other way around. • Strong light could even harm our eyes. • Alhazen concluded that light comes INTO the eye from OUTSIDE of the eye. • He examined how the eye was made and could be tricked by optical illusions.
Al-Hazen was real brainy ! He made pinhole cameras and saw how they worked like the human eye.
HE STUDIED RAINBOW COLOURS !
Al-Hazen studied the effect of prisms on light rays
Al-Hazen became the “Father of Modern Optics” But most of all…. He was the father of the modern… “Scientific Method”
• This used controlled Scientific Testing to prove or disprove a hypotheses. • It had seven steps (7) 1. 2. 3. 4. Observation Statement of the Problem Formulation of Hypothesis Testing of hypothesis using Experimentation with dependent, independent and controlled variables 5. Analysis of experimental Results 6. Interpretation of Data and formulation of Conclusion. 7. Writing up the findings.
400 years later, other scientists discovered almost everything Alhazen had said was TRUE.
Johannes Kepler (1630 AD) “Alhazen was right! The eyeball is a camera”
Sir Isaac Newton (1670 AD) “Alhazen got that one right too! White light is made of all colours”
So there you have it ! Al-Hazen. . . The Father of Modern Optics …And the creator of the… MODERN SCIENTIFIC METHOD