HISTORY OF SEOUL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE

HISTORY OF SEOUL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE 1885 Jejungwon 濟衆院 Establishment of the first modern national hospital in Korea Daehan Hospital Main Building (Clock Tower) 1907 1899 National Medical School 醫學校 Establishment of the first medical school accreditation system in Korea Daehan Hospital Operating Room 1907 1946 Seoul National University College of Medicine SNUCM Main Building 1946 First Diploma of Graduation at SNUCM 1947

HISTORY OF SEOUL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE Multi-Disciplinary Laboratory opend 1975 Kim Soo Tae, Liver transplantation 1988 The first successful birth through in vitro fertilization in Korea 1985 Establishment of the Convergence Research Building 2016 2018 QS World University Rankings Ranked 42 nd in Medical Field (4 th in Asia)

EDUCATION Conducting creative scientific research Promoting health, relieving the pain of diseases Educational Goals Leading society with an international perspective Acting ethically and professionally

EDUCATION Seoul National University College of Medicine Educational Courses 01 Premedical Course (2 Years) 02 College of Medicine (4 Years) 03 Graduate School

EDUCATION 01 Premedical Course The Premedical Course encourages close collaboration and integration among the Medicine, Natural Sciences, Engineering, and the Social Sciences, leading to a synergy that will help strengthen the performance of future doctors. • Educational Goals Critical skills to understand individuals and society Comprehensive knowledge of science and technology Fitness and overcoming adversity Communication skills within an intellectual community

EDUCATION 02 College of Medicine Medical Research ➊ • End of the first year Seoul 2016 Lee Jong-Wook Curriculum • A two-week class • Medical Statistics, Research Ethics, and Laboratory Safety Education Advanced Elective Courses • Senior year • Six-week classes Medical Research ➊ • A wide variety of Advanced Elective Courses Medical Research ➋ Mentor-Mentee relationship Advanced Elective Courses • Sophomore year • Ten-week period • One-on-one correspondence through regular research meetings and discussions Autonomous research performance

EDUCATION 03 Graduate School • Overview Basic Medical Science (12 departments) Anatomy, Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Preventive, Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, History of Medicine & Medical Humanities, Forensic Medicine, Health Policy and Management, Biomedical Engineering, Medical Education Department of Medicine Clinical Science (21 departments) Internal Medicine, Surgery, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Orthopaedic Surgery, Urology, Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery, Psychiatry, Ophthalmology, Dermatology, Radiology, Anesthesiology and Pain medicine, Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Radiation Oncology, Laboratory medicine, Rehabilitationmedicine, Nuclear Medicine, Family Medicine, Emergency Medicine Based on 2018 Medical Majors Translational Medicine Physiology & Neuroscience Department of Biomedical Sciences Molecular Medicine & Oncology Systems Medicine, Informatics and Precision Medicine Immunology Biomedical Imaging Department of Clinical Medicine Sciences – Interdisciplinary Programs: Cancer Biology / Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics / Medical Informatics / Stem-Cell Biology

RESEARCH Main Research Centers Research Facilities Cancer Research Institute Genomic Medicine Institute Liver Research Institute of Allergy and Clinical. Immunology SNU Institute on Aging Laboratory of. Transplantation Immunology Wide River Institute of Immunology Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population Institute of Human Environment Interface Biology Institute of Endemic Diseases Institute of forensic science Neuroscience Research Institute Sensory Organ Research Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, Medical Research Center Institute of Health Policy and Management Institute of Environmental Medicine Kidney Research Institute of Radiation Medicine Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute Core Labs Biomedical Center for Animal Resource Development Core Research Facilities Medical Research Collaborating Center Institute for Experimental Animals

RESEARCH Unit: Persons 2018. 3. 1. Researchers by numbers Student Faculty Graduate Students Researcher / Staff College of Medicine Premedical Course 844 521 Clinical Science 415 Basic Science 106 4 th Year 144 3 rd Year 149 2 nd Year 732 618 153 1 st Year 155 2 nd Year 102 1 st Year 141 Masters Program 332 Ph. D Program 400 Staffs Researchers 175 443

RESEARCH Top 2018 Annual Statistics In Korea The New England Journal of Medicine The JAMA Immunity Cancer Cell The n e w e n g l a n d j o u r n a l of m e d i c i n e original article Tofacitinib versus Methotrexate in R h e u ma to i d A rthritis Eun Bong. Lee, M. D. , Roy Fleischmann, M. D. , Stephen Hall, M. D. , Bethanie. Wilkinson, Ph. D. , John D. Bradley, M. D. , Tamas Koncz, M. D. , Sriram Krishnaswami, Ph. D. , Gene Chuanbo. Zang, Ph. D. , Samuel H. Zwillich, M. D. , and Ronald David Gruben, Ph. D. , Re se ar V. Wallenstein, Ph. D. , ch F. van Vollenhoven, M. D. , Original Investigation for the. ORALStart Investigators� Ab s t r a c t Background M et hot re xa te is t he m os t frequently u s ed first-line an tirh eu Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors vs Conventional Chemotherapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Harboring Wild-Type Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor A Meta-analysis From Seoul. National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South. Korea (E. B. L. ); Metroplex Clinical Research Center, Dallas with rheumatoid arthritis (R. F. ); Cabrini Health and Monash. Uniic do se s of m et hot rexat e. versity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (S. H. ); June-Koo Lee, M D ; CTS(B. W. , eokyung Ha. S. K. , hn, Ph. D; o u n g Jin Suh, M D ; B h u m s u k Keam, M D ; Pfizer, Groton, J. D. B. , D. G. , Immunity Ph. D G. V. W. , C. Z. , S. H. Z. ); Pfizer, New York Kim, M D , Ph. D; Tae M i n 0 m g of t of aci t in. Dong ib twi-Wan ce (T. K. ); and Karolinska Institute, K Stockholm (R. F. V. ). Addressreprint requeststo Dr. daily or m et hot re xat e at a do se t hat w a s in cr eme nt all y i nc re a se d to 20 m g per. I week PD O , R Ph. D; T A N CSe E -Hoon Current guidelines recommend Kim, M M Lee , Point MD , Ph. D; both Supplemental Wilkinsonat Pfizer, 445 Eastern Rd. , over 8 w ee ks ; 956 p ati en ts received a s tud y dr u g. Th e m o n t hc o p r i m a r y e n d p otyrosine i n t s akinase t inhibitors and cytotoxic chemother c o n t e n t at Bldg. 98, MS(TKIs) 8260 -2517, Groton, CT 06340, jama. com Se og , Mwith D , wild-type (WT) EGFR who were 6 w er e th e m e a n c ha ng e f r om ba se lin e in th e va n S ha rp for patients epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) apy drugs de r Heijde m odi fi. Dae ed options t otal or at. Heo bethanie. wilkinson@pfizer. com. lunger cancer (NSCLC). However, it is not clear that EGFR TK as standard treatment previously treated for non–small s co re ( w hic h ra nge s fr om 0 to 44 8, w ith hig he r s tr uc tur al s co re s ind ic at ing g reat �Acomplete of investigators chemotherapy in patientslist with WT EGFR. in the cell Isareas efficacious as joint da ma ge ) a n d t he pr op or tio n of p ati en ts of w i t h a n A m e r i c a n College ORALStart studyis providedin the. Supple. R he uma to log y (ACR) 70 r es po ns e (≥ 7 0 % r ed u cti on in t a n d he n u m b e r of b oth tend er mentary Appendix, available at NEJM. org. OB JECTIVE To determine the association between s wo ll en jo int s a n d ≥ 7 0% im pr ove me nt in th r ee o f f i tient’s ve o t h e r criteria: t h e p a first- chemotherapy and 2014; 370: 2377 -86. survival in advanced NSCLC N Engl. JMed generation EGFR TKI vs a ss e ss me nt of pa in , level of disability, C-reactive p r ot ei n level or eryt hrocyt e DOI: 10. 1056/NEJMoa 1310476 patients with. WT EGFR. 1 1 1 2 Copyright © 2 0 1 4 Massachusetts M e d i c a l s ed ime nt ati on ra te , glo ba l a ss e s sme nt o f di se as e by the p oz-Planillo, Yun-Gi Kim, Donghyun. Kim, Yukiko Koizumi, Sang-Uk Seo, Nobuhiko Kamada, Rau´l Mun˜Mizuho a otie S c i ent, t y. a n d g lobal assess 4 4 3 1 1 3 C a n c e r Cell Browne, Trevor D. Lawley, Harry L. T. Mobley, Naohiro Inohara, Stephanie D. Himpsl, Hilary P. and Gabriel DATA SOURCES Pub. Med, EMBASE, Cochrane and meeting abstractsof. Hasegawa, m e n t o f dis e as e by t he physician). the 1, Nu´n˜ez * database, American Society of Clinical Oncology and Society of Medical Oncology 1 through Results Department of Pathology and Comprehensive. Cancer Center European December 2013. 2 Division of. Gastroenterology, Departmentof. Internal. Medicine M e a n c han ge s in th e mod if ie d t ota l S ha rp sc or e fr om b as e 3 Department of Microbiology and Immunology li ne to m o n t h 6 were significantly smaller i n the tofacitinib g rou p s th an in t he m e t h o STUDY SELE CTI ON Eligible studies were The. University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 East. Medical Center Drive, Ann. Arbor, MI 48109, USA controlledtrialscomparing. EGFR TKI 4 tre xate gro up, but c h a nge s were mo de st in all t hr ee gr ou ps (0. 2 points in t he 5 - mg tofaci Bacterial. Pathogenesis. Laboratory, Wellcome Trust. Sanger 1 SA, UK Institute, Wellcome Trust. Genome. Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire. CB 10 randomized with conventional chemotherapy in patients with anced. NSCLC. Outof 1947 retrieved tinib gr ou p an d <0. 1 adv point in 11 trialsincorporating 1605 patients with WT in th e 10 -mg tofacitinib gr oup , a s c om pa re d w i th 0. 8 p oin ts articles, were included. *Correspondence: gabriel. nunez@umich. edu th e m e th otre xate g ro up EGFR DATA EXTRACTION AND [ P<0. 0 01 for b oth co mp ar is ons ] ). A m o n g th e pa tie nts recei http: //dx. doi. org/10. 1016 /j. immuni. 2015. 03. 004 v ing tofacitinib, 25. 5% in TH 70 ESI S Two reviewers extrac outcomes. The SYN th e 5 - mg gr oup a nd 37. 7% i n the 1 0 -mg g ro up h ad a n ACR ted trial characteristicsand ane tool. risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochr using randomre sp on se a t m o n t h 6 , as p Allmeasures were pooled c omp ar ed w it h 1 2. 0 % of pa tie nt s in t he me tho tr ex at e gro u 1 , 3 , 1 2 1 , 2 , 1 2 1 , 4 , 1 2 V O L U M E 3 4 5 , 1 • 2 N U M B E 6 R 3 4 • D E 1 C E M B E 1 R Chul-Kee Park, Yang-Soon. Jung, Yanghee. Kim, So Hee Nam, Ho Jinkuk Kim, In-Hee Lee, Hee Jin Cho, effects models and 95% CIswere 1 , 2 0 1 6 to bacterial Toll-like receptorligands such as 6 6 1 , 4 , 7 1 , 4 9, 1 0 , 1 3 , (P<0. 001 for bot h comcalculated. SUMMARY are hyporesponsive parisons). He r pes zos te r developed in 31 o f 77 0 pa tie nts w h o Jun Seol, Jung-Il Lee, Kyeung Min. Joo, Yeup Yoon, * and 6 (Lotz et al. , 2006; 8 Smythies et al. , 6 1 , 4 , 6 , 1 3 , lipopolysaccharides rece ive d to fac itin ib (4. 0% ) Byung Sup. Kim, Mark D. Johnson, Doo-Sik Kong, Do-Hyun Nam * a n d in 2 o f 186 p ati en ts w h o received me th otr ex ate (1. 1%). 1 1 , 2 , 4 MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES R I G I N A L R E P O R T The micr obiot a stimulates inflammation, but the Samsung Biomedical Institute J O 1 1 UPeter R N J. A Park, L OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY O sig 2005). In addition, several barriers including the Lee, mucus layer Woong-Yang Park, Research Jeongwu Co n f ir m e d c a se s o. The f caprimary n ce r outcome w measured as hazard ratios (HRs). asprogression-freesurvival(PFS), 2 ( inc lu din g t hr ee c as es of lym ph oma ) developed i n 5 pa tie nt Samsung Genome naling and the members of the involved m icrobiot a and antimicrobial peptides limit. Institute the contactbetweenmicrobes that and outcomes were objective response ratepathways and s w h o received tofacitinib The secondary overall survival, expressed as relative risksand a n d in 1 p at ien t w h o received met ho tre xa te. Tofacitinib wa s (Kamada and. Nun ´ez, ˜ Samsung. Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea remain poorly understood. We found the host immune system and to guthomeostasis release respectively. 3 contribute Samsung Institute of Technology, Samsung a s soc ia te d w ith in. HRs, cr e a se s in eliciting. Advanced RESULTS Among patients with WT EGFR tumors, Electronics Co. , Ltd. , Seoul 06351, Korea in c re at inin e levels a n d i n low-density a n d h ig h-d en s ity lipo micr obiot a induces interleukin-1 b (IL-1 b) upon 2014). A role for the microbiota mediat ed intestinal inflammation is supported 4 Department of. Health. Sciences and. Technology, Samsung by findingsthat chemi- teriaceae cally-induced and spontaneous colitis are reduced. Advanced. Institutefor Health Science and. Technology(SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan improvement pr ot ei n cholesterol levels. of PFS, compared with TKI (HR for TKI, 1. 41; intestinal chemotherapy was associated with 95% injury and that this is Conclusions University, Seoul 06351, Korea 5 or abolished significant subgroup difference was identified in terms of via the NLRP 3 inflammasome. Enterobac Departmentof. Neurosurgery, Seoul. National. University Hospital, Seoul. National University College of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea CI, 1. 10 -1. 81). No statistically I n pa ti en ts w h o had not previously received me tho tr ex at e o r t 6 second- or later-line), experimental drug, dominant A u t h o r Affiliations: and in mice and germ-free mice Garrett ( et. Medical al. , 2007; Department of. Neurosurgery, Samsung Center bilis, in antibiotic-treated Hudcovic line of treatment (first-line vs particular thepat hobiont Proteus mira he ra pe ut ic do ses of m et het al. , 2001; Kirkland et al. , 2012; Kitajima 7 otrexate, tofacitinib m ono the ra py w as su p er ior t o m eth o tre method. Trialsusing more sensitive platforms than direct D e p a r t m e n t o f induced robust. IL-1 b release thatwas compa to Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology rable et al. , 2001; Vijay-Kumar Internal M e d i c i n e , Seoul et al. , 2007). In mouse models, certain U p o n xate in reducin PFS g benefitsig nschemotherapy a n d(HR for TKI, ethnicity, or EGFR mutationthat analysis s ymp to ms of r he uma to id ar thr it is a n d in hi biti ng th e p rog significant with 1. Korea Sungkyunkwan. University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, induced by the pat hogen Salmonella. epithelial National 8 members of the microbiota have been linked to inflammatory re- tine sponses and Department of. Neurosurgery of associationst ct ural joint ofru chemotherapy with improvement in PFS w injury, produc tion of IL-1 b R inep the University Hospital, da ma ge. The b en ef its of tofacitinib n eed to be c on si de re d in re s si on 9 example, Seoul, ubintes lic was largely intestinal pathology. For high Division of Bacteroides Genetics m ono- species and membersof Sang Min Park, Young Ho Yun, Y oung Ae Kim, Minkyung Jo, Young-Joo Won, Joung Hwan Back, and later-line CI, 1. 09 -1. 65). of The objective sequencing were associated mediated th e context of trials (HR, t he 1. 34; 95% risks with aby intestinal of Kor. Ly 6 C ea (J. -K. cytes, Lee, required D. a dve rs e ev en ts. (F un de dby Pfizer; OR A LS tar t Clinical. Trials. g the. Enterobacteriaceaefamily including was Klebsiella pneumoniae and. USA Proteus Brigham and. Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, Eun-Sook Lee 10 chemotherapy (92/549, 16. 8%, vs 39/540, 7. 2%, for TKI; 1. 02 --W. Kim, Suh, chemokine receptor CCR 2 and abolished by mirabilis can promote colitis School, Boston, MA 02115, USA ov num be r, N CT 0103968 8. ) Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical 11 12 1. 21); however, no statistically significant difference w 84; 95% CI, 1. 35 -2. 52). deletion The eam, + T. M. of IL-1 b in. KCCR 2 blood. Kim, cytes. S. Department Stem Cell and Regenerative Co-first mono- (Bloom et al. , 2011; of. Garrett et al. , Biology 2010). However, the signaling Medicine, Lerner. Research. Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA n engl j med 370; 25 nejm. org june 19, H. Lee, Heo); author survival(HR for TKI, 1. 08; 95% CI, 0. 96 -1. 22). Furthermore, colonizationwit h P. promoted mirabilis pathwaysby immune tinal A B S T R A C T 1 3 which resident bacteria stimulate the host 2014 S ang M i n Park and You ng M e d i c a l Research Collaborating Co-senior author The New England as also significant in secondor inflammation C e n t e upon r , S e o uintes l N a t i o injury nal in vivo remain poorly understood. which. J o. Au ncritical g H wstep a n in B a c k , National H e a l t h intestinal via the system to induce inflammation 237 *Correspondence: peter_park@harvard. edu (P. J. P. ), U n i v e r s i t y rate was higher with response Purpose Downloaded from nejm. org at Seoul National University on June 21, 7 CONCLUSIO NS A N D R E L E V A N C E responses is vivo. the recognitionof microbesnsnam@skku. edu or produc tion of hemolysin, required NLRP 3 and IL-1 the activationof inflammatory H(D. -H. N. ) o Yu n, S eou l National http: //dx. doi. org/10. 1016/j. ccell. 2015. 07. 013 In su rance Service, Se oul; You ng A e K im, Copyright © 2014 Massachusetts Hospital, Among patients with adv conventional chemotherapy, endogenous molecules produced receptor signaling in Thus, higher risk of cancer than the general population, which might be R ep ubliupon c Seoul, of intestinal K o re a injury, Minive ky rsi un gty. Jo, You ng. Won , and Male cancer survivorshave a Journal of Medicine Un College of Joo compared with first-gener improvement in PFS but not relative risk for TKI, 1. 11 ; 95% CI, memb the (Hahn); Depa rtmen t newly E un -S ook Le e , National Canc er Center, caused byan increased prevalence of obesity or susceptibility to obesity-related carcinogenesis. selective m ic robiot a stimulate We ers of in the settingof infection or cellular injuryby host pattern-recog- nition Goyang, Republic of Korea. 2018. For personal use only. Nosurvival. other uses without permission. receptors (Takeuchi and Akira, 2010). A major innate of Medi ci ne, assessed the effects ofobesity overall before the diagnosis of a first cancer on the development of recruited mon Me di cine ; o c y t e s signaling pathwayis the inflammasome, a multi-protein platform Seoul N a t i o n a l University Medical Society. All rights reserved. aso lobserved with respect to overall SUMMARY P ub lis he d online ahe ad of print at secondaryprimary cancers (SPCs). C lege o f t o induce NLRP 3 -dependent IL-1 b release, w h i c h that activates www. jco. org on Octo be r 10, 201 6. caspase-1 leading to theproteolytic processingof propromot es inflammation the intestine. Methods Med in icine, Seoul, interleukin-1 b (IL-1 b) and pro-IL-18 into their mature active Tumor recurrence following treatment is the. Su p port e d by National Cance r cause of 1532 mortality glioblastoma multiforme R ep ubli c of K o re a population consisted (GBM) of 239, 615 Korean male cancer survivorsbetween January 2003 and forms (Schroder 2010). on Tothe date, four bona fide patients. Thus, insights evolutionary G rant Nos. major 13 10252 and 200 The. for study Cen t and er Tschopp, JAMA. 2014; 311(14): 1430 -1437. Incident PCs process at recurrence are critical for. December improved 2010. patient care. S the inflammasomes have been described, of which three, the NLRP 1, were assessedthroughout follow-upuntil. December 2011. Cox were (Hahn); Ca ncer doi: 10. 1001/jama. 2014. 3314 Here, we describe our genom ic analyses of Aut ho rs’ di sclos ure s of potentialconflict s NLRP 3 and NLRC 4 inflammasomes, contain a member of the INTRODUCTION initial and recurrent t umor specimens f rom each of 38 proportional hazards models used to calculate the hazard ratios of SP Cs associated with (BMI), Research Institute, G BM patients. A substantial divergence in the of interest arefou nd in t he article online at 143 intracellular Nod-like receptor (NLR) family (Franchi et al. , w w w. j c o. o r g. A u t h o r c o n t r i b u t i o n s a r e prediagnosis associated body wit hmdistant tumor, which were comparedwith those of first cancers in allcohort a s s index Seoul Na tiona l appearance of a recurrentt umor f rom the initial landscape of driver alterationswas 0 The intestine is inhabited by trillions of resident bacteria provide that can 2012 b). Among the NLR inflammasomes, NLRP 3 is activated by f o u n d a t t suggesting h e e n d o f t h i sthat a r t i c the l e. genomic profile of the initialt umor recurred participants. Copyright 2014 American Medical University College of can mislead targeted therapies for the distally beneficial effectsto the host K ( amada et al. , 2013 example, ). For multiple stimuli including bacterial pore-forming toxins, ATP, short- C o r r e s p o n d i n gtumor. In addition, in contrast t o IDH 1 -mutated developed a u t h o r : E u n S o o k L e e , s seor ci ci aa tni o n. Al l ranced i g h t s. NSCLC r e s eharboring r v e d. WT EGFR, Am cine, Seoul, gliomas, matter IDH 1 -wild-type Results bacterial metabolites. Medi including vitamins and chain fatty acids microbial RNA, and particulate (Hornung etprimary al. , 2008; G BMs of therarely Downloaded From: by a College of Medicine of Seoul National Univ. User on M D , P h D , N a t i o n a l R e s e a rhypermutation c h I n s t i t u t e , After 1, 614, 583 person-years of. Kei. Murtreato*, Hyun. Cheol. Chung, Veena. Shankaran, Ravit Geva, Daniel. Catenacc, i. Shilpa following temozolomide (TMZ) Re pub lic o f Korcontribute ea ment, riskactivation for TMZto appropriate development host. Resident bacteria also follow-up, we observed 4, 799 patients with. SPC. The age- cancer Gupta, Joseph Paul Eder, Talia Golan, Dung T Le, enneth Mariathasan et al. , 2006 ). Inindicating contrast, low NLRC 4 is induced National C a n c e r Center, 3 2 3 Ilsan-ro, (D. -W. K i m , K e a m , T. M. K i m , S. hypermutation for thesetumor s under the standard regimen. incidence rate of Emancipator, Jonathan Juco, Minori. Koshiji, Barb ara. Burtnesswa , Autumn c. Ree, Chia-Chi Kum udu. Pathiraja, Jared. Lunclinear eford, K ation EGFR TKI, was associated with standardized confer resistance against infection and are critically involvedthe in Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do in cancer survivors s 1. 1 JM times higher. Lin, than that of the positive -H. pathogen induced by several Gram-negative pathogens by the transloca- development Yung-Jue. Bang* lymphoid populations in. Lee, the intestine Kamada ( et al. , Becauseof tion of small amountsof flagellin or Prg. J-likerod proteins into 2013). the hostcytosol Heo). trends between prediagnosis B M I and risk of all- lymphoma, biliary tract, 1040 8, Korea; e-mail: eslee@ncc. re. kr. general population. W e found combined, colorectal, liver, commensal bacteria can stimulate the immune the host has (Franchi et al. , 2006; Miao et al. , 2010 ). In the kidney, and obesity-related. SPC s. The magni- association in male cancer © 2 0 1 6 b y A m e r i c a n S o c i e t y of Clinical INTRODUCTION Corresponding evolved several mechanisms to prevent priate activationof tudeof as thede BMI -SGBMs P C risk(primarysurvivors wa s. Summary onset. More than 90% of. GBMs present novo system, intestine, NLRC 4 -dependent IL-1 b productionis triggered by inapprostronger than that for first cancers whereas the mean B M I wa s On cology Background Expressionof. PD-L 1 hasbeenshowntobeupregulatedin inflammatory responses in the instance, the intestinal epithelium somepatientswithgastriccancer. Aspartofthe. Lancet Oncol 2016; 17: 717– 26 GBMs), andgeneral the remainder progress from low-grade similar in population, Salmonellain resident phagocytes, which multiforme contribute to host intestine. For defense both groups. In the severely obese adjusted hazard ratios for SPC s Glioblastoma (GBM; World Health 0732 -through 183 X/16/34 34 w-4 116 w/$ 20. 00 in the Author: Dong-Wan KEYNOTE-012 studw y, eam i edtoassessthesafetyand resident activityof theanti-PD-1 antibodypembrolizumabin Published Online The current brain 2 tics the recruitmentof neutrophils (Franchi etal. , macrophages 2012 a). The role of the Organization(grades I–III) gliomas (secondary GBMs). category (B MItherapeu$ 30 kg/m ), the phase 1 b among cancer grade IV glioma) is the most common and most aggressive DOfor I: GBM 10. 1200. 66. measures. 49 20 patientswith. PD-L 1 -positiverecurrentormetastat iaden c ocarci noma survivors (1. 41; 9 5 % serve/JCO. 2 mostly as 016 palliative be aggressive ofthestomachorgastro-oesophagealjunction. May 3, 2016 NLRP 3 inflammasome inintestinal CI, 1. 15 Despite to 1. 74)can were signifi cantly higher thanthose for first cancers among all cohortparticipants Kim, MD, Ph. D, tumor (Furnari et al. , 2007; Tanaka et al. , 2013). GBMs 744 Immunity 42, 744– 755, April 21, 2015ª 2015 Elsevier treatmentwith surgery, radiation, and thealkylating tumor agent temozolomide http: //dx. doi. org/10. 1016/ (1. 12; 9 5 % CI, 1. 09 to 1. 16; P classified intotwo categories, on the basis of the history of td er ne. 01). (TMZ), GBM almost always recurs, and. Mhe Dep ar tment o f Inc. etho s og Thisestu dyity was, amul ticentre, open-label, phase 1 btrialdone. Conclusion S 1470 -2045(16)00175 -3 inthe. USA, Israel, Prediagnosis obesity is a risk the at 13 cancerresearchcentres Japan, South. Korea, and. Taiwan. Weenrolledpatientswi th See C o m m e n t p a g e 6 8 2 PD-L 1 -positiverecurrentormetastaticadenocarcinoma of Internal Med icine, slightly SP Cs , and overall andis individual thefor strength ofuntil the Bogr MIessi - onorunacceptable stomachorgastro-oesophagealjunction. Patientsrefactor ceivcancer ed for association 2 weeks 24 monthsor pr * C o n t r i b u t e dequally intravenous pembrolizumab at 10 mg/kgonce every OPEN stronger in male cancer survivors than in the general population. toxice�ects Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul Na tiona l occurred. Responsewasassessedevery 8 weeks Significance Nagoya, Japan (K Muro MD) ; in accordancewith Response Evaluation Criteriin a Solid. Tumors d oi : 1 0 3 8 / n a tu r verso in 11. T. heprm i aryobe jctv ieswin ere. Yonsei safety J Clin Oncol 34: 4116 -4124. © 20 Cancer Center, Yonsei University Hospital, patiby ents. American whoreceivedat leastonedo se. Clinical pembrolizum abandthe 16 Society ofof Oncology e 2 00 9 8 Althoughprevioussequencingstudiesexaminedthe proportionof patientsachieving resp in of Medicine, Boveral A C l. K Gon Rses O UUniversity N D : A l t h. College o u g h invasive genomic landscapeof GBMs and theirevolution, theydid notrelate patientswhoreceivedatleastonepembrolizumabdoseandwho p h y stenosis s i o l o g i c a l a s s e s s m e n t f o r c o r o n a r y Joo M y u n g Lee, M D , Seoul, South Korea genomic evolution patterns to tumor location or 101 Daehak-ro, eitherhadapost-baselinescanorwhodiscontinued treatment regimens. Our integrative clinical and genomicanalysesof 38 5 , 7 gr - essi 9 onotr 0 , 1 1 h a s b e c o m e( Par osfta rd ice t o therapybecause ofclintobacco icaldiseasepro a ment-rela 1 ted Hn Cd. Ca hu n gp ra M Dct ); University longitudinal pairsreveal that a recurrent tumor ata and reat alcohol use and the risk of g u i d e t re a t me n tstrategy, M P H , P h D adverseeventbeforethefirstpost-baselinescan. INTRODUCTION Thestudyisregisteredwith. Clinical. Trials. gov, number NCT 01848834, of Washington, profile compared with the initial tumor, suggesting distantbrain site from the initial tumor hasa highly divergentgenomic thatthe Jon gno -gu, Seoul 110 c or o na ry c i rcu l a t o ry r es p o n se a n. Seattle, d ch a n g. WA, es in SPCs. Although obesity is a well-known risk D oy eo n Hw a n g , M D locationof recurrence shouldbe consideredwhen using therapiesfor the andisongoingbutno longerenrollingpatients. USA (V Shankaran MD) ; Tel Aviv invasive p h ys i o l o g ic a l genomicprofile of the initial tumor to guidetargeted 12 i n d e xe s , a cc o rd i n g t o d i f f e ren t a n a t om ic a n d h e m o d y n a m i c l e s i o n factor for cancer in the general po pualsasetsison , t. Eight recurrent tumor. Our study also demonstrates that Findings From. Oct 232, 01 t 3 J o n g ha n n e Park, M D -74 4, Republic of 1 a 5 tientswere o, May 5, 20143 , p 9 men IDH 1 -wild-type primary GBMs havelow risk for Sourasky Medical Center, improvements treatment have led to continuously i TMZ-inducedhypermutationfollowing thestandard. Although regimen. These findings in cancer Israel Geva providecritical insights for informedclinical decisions. severity, h a v e. Teln. Aviv, o t be e n(R fu l l y M Dd); e mo n s t rat e d i n p a t i e nt s w i t h co ro n a ry ar te ry Jinlong Zh a n g , M D 1, 2 (22%, 95%CI 10– 39)patientswerejudgedtvival, o alresstudies ponseswere tiabody l. 39 patienweight tswereincluand ded inth. SPC e these advancesscreening have beeand previous opnar. All riskenrolled. 36 were evaluable for response by central University o f Chicago, Ko rea disease. Yaliang Tong, M D 1 , 4 have had an overall response atcentral review; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 1, 2, 3 6 ncreasing sur- have been largely confined to survivors of breast n offset b y IL, USA (D Catenacci MD) ; Jeong-Sun Seo *, Arang rhie Kim *, Sangjin Lee *, Min-Hwan Sohn , c h a ng -U k Kim , Alex Hastie , Chee H*, a e. Junsoo Kim, M D (kimdw@snu. ac. kr). sixgrainde 3 or 4 cancer treatment-re 1 la 6 tedor adverseevents, conscancer istingtw ofo (CRC) 1 7 ; there ancers (SPCs). safety analyses. Five (13%) patients had atotal of University of Minnesota, 318 Cancer. Cell 28, 318– 328, September 14, 2015ª 2015 6 Ji-Young Yun 1 , 5 , Jihye Kim 1 , 5 , Junho Kuk 1 , 5 , Gun Hwa Park 1 , 5 , Juhyeok Kim 1 , 5 , Hanna r y u 4 , Jongbum Kim 4 , Mira r o h 4 , creased risk of secondary primary pemphicgoan id, grade 3 hyp othyroidism, andgrcolorectal ade 3 peripheral M Ecase T Heach O Dof. Sgrade : O 3 n. Minneapolis, e h u n d r e dfifte e n p. USA a t i e nt sw i t h Hanl ecft 4 a oa n, t er Elsevier Inc. io r d e s ce n d i n g 7 Ji-In Ba n 7 g , M D casesof grade 3 fatigue, one MN, 1, 5 4 Many previous studies have d 1 3 few pneumonitis. studies about these associations among male emonstrated that the (S G u p t a M D ); Yale University, Jeonghun baek , Michael W. Hunkapiller , Jonas Korlach , Jong-Yeon Shin & changhoon Kim Notreatment-relateddeathsoccurred. a one rt e case ry stenosis sensoryneuropathy, and ofgrade 4 w h o underwent both N - a m m o n i a p o s i t ro n e mi s si o n Mi n se ok Suh, M D risk of developing an SPC among cancer survivors. In addition, few studies have cancer survivors examined New p Haven, CT, jama. co m t o m o g r a p h y a n d invasive h ys i o l og i c a. USA lm ea s u r e m e n t w er e a n a l yz e d. Jin Chul Paeng, M D , Ph D might be as great as or greater than t Interpretation In thispopulationofpatientshow obesityormight contribute to inwithrecurrent 17 My o ca rd i a l b l o o d f l o w (MBF)(Jme. Pa s u. Eder re d w MD) i t h Advances assembly phasing. Cheon, provide an opportunity (Extended Data Fig. 2 a). Reads were assembled and error-corrected ; p o si tin rogenome n em i ss i o n G iand Jeong MD , Ph D pressures w e re 3 -6 hat among the creased SPC risk. Onlyactivity, one study, by Gibson et al, be 5 general population. SPCs could hadamanageable toxicityprofile andpromising antitumour M e d i c a l A s s o c i a t i o n. Al l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d. to investigate the human genome and with FALCON and Quiver to generate 3, 128 contigs with a contig o n - K w o nthe. Kdiploid o o , Marchitecture D , P h D of se d tthe o Bfull esistance. t o m o g r a p h y a n d invasively. Sheba m e a s u Medical r e d c o r o n a r yureveal only the late carcinogenic effects of due to not suggested that elevated cancer risk in survivors of cancer treatment range of structural variation across population N 50 length of 17. 9 Mb (Extended Data Table 1, Extended Data Fig. 2 b c a l c u l a t e m i c r o v a s c u l a r resistance a n d stenosis r groups. Here we report the de novo assembly and haplotype phasingand Supplementary Tables 1– 3). To anchor these contigs into larger CRC compared but also the influence of shared Funding Merck&Co. with the general population might behavioral risk be caused 05/29/2018 Center, Ramat a n gi o g ra p h i cof stenosis severity, by an increased prevalence of obesity carcinogenesis. rather than factors or increased susceptibility to the Korean individual AK 1 (ref. 1) usingle-molecule real- scaffolds, we used next-generation mapping (NGM) from Bio. Nano 2 3 R E S U L T S : W i t h progressive w o r s e n i n g o f sequencing , next-generation mapping , microfluidics. Genomics Irys System, which produces physical maps with unique P essure g ra d i e n t a ntime d stenosis increased susceptibility to obesity- factors, most related tumorigenesis. Among shared behavioral risk Introduction Gan, Israel 4 Gastricbetween cancer is the mostbcommon cancer Ig. G 4 -κ b o t h pembrolizumab re s ti n g a n(T d h. Golan yp e re MD) mi c tr s st e n o. Cancer tic pr based sequence motifs that can provide long-range structural information studies have focusedin othat n the However, study, associations thefifthn um e r of secondary e mi c MB F ( linked P< 0. 0 reads 0 1 ) , and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) metastatic. PD-L 1 -positivegastriccancer, ; an Kimmel 1 approaches. Single-molecule sequencing coupled with of the genome. Two rounds of NGM at 97× and 108× coverage were Johns. Hopkins worldwide, with a high incidence in east Asia. Most and thus resistance i n 3 ctrials. re a. Center, se d (P<0 0 0 1 f o r all) a n d h yp e r sequencing obesity-related cancers warranting further study in phase 2 and d e cre a s e d. R e s ti n g MB F 13 next-generation mapping generated a highly contiguousassembly, performed, with the second designed to protect fragments better from M D, . 0 USA cases, especiallyin the. USA and Europe, are diagnosed at ligands. a n d re s ti n g mi. University, c ro va s cu l a r. Baltimore, resistance ( P=0 12) esistance ( P=0. with 4 3 1)a w er e N 50 size of 17. 9 Mb and a scaffold N 50 size of 44. 8 Mb, breakage at fragile sites, providing improved long-range anchoring contig 411 6 © 201 6 b y Ame rican S ocie tyof Clinical Oncology alate stage, and treatment options are mostly restricted profile to cytotoxic chemotherapy, (D T Le MD) ; Fox 2 ( P=0. 3 8 3 ) a n d h yp e re mi cr ov a s cu l a r r resolving chromosomal arms into f ra c t 8 i on a l f l o w reserve a n dsingle scaffolds. The de novo (Supplementary Table 4). The optical maps were assembled de novo whichis associated with poorin outcomes. Despite the availabilityof trastuzumab forh n o t c ha n g e d a n d ma i n t a i ne d Chase s t ab l e. B Cancer o t h assembly, along with assemblies and spanning long reads, into genome maps. Hybrid scaffolding of the contigs and genome maps ang i o g ra ph ilocal c stenosis severity, and extends into 72 out of 190 euchromatic gaps in resulted in 2, 832 scaffolds with a scaffold N 50 size of 44. 8 Mb (Extended i n st a n e ou s w a ve -f re e ra t i o d e c re a se as d closes 105 Downloaded from ascopubs. org by Seoul National patients with HER 2 -positive disease and the approval of approved g ra d i e nt i n cre a sadding e d a n 1. 03 d Center, the reference genome, Mb of previously intractable Data Table 1 and Extended Data Fig. 3 a). Because NGMs provide Copyright © 2018 American Society of stenosis resistance, a n d t ra ns s t en o t i c pressure the anti. Library -VEGFR 2 onal 2018 antibody rumab asadvanced University Medical onmonocl June 21, fromramuci 147. 046. 161. 082 t h e p re sequence. se n c eo f High myo cconcordance a rd i a l between the assembly and paired-end orders of magnitude longer range information (Supplementary Table 4) 3– 5 Clinicalasecond-l Oncology. All rights Philadelphia, inetherapy, therereserved. remainsaneedfore �ective treatment h y pe re mi c MB F d e cre a s e d(all P<0. 0 0 1 ). W h e n from MB F a n dsequences l o w co r on a ry 62, 758 BAC clones provides strong support for the compared to long reads fromthe SMRT platform (Supplementary Table 1), robustness of the assembly. We identify 18, 210 structural variants we relied on the genome map when there were conflicts between the treatment options for advanced gastric cancer. that has PD-1 is anegative co-stimulatory i s ch e mi a w a s d e f i ne d b yb o t h. PA, l o w. USA h y pe re mif cr(B a c t i o n a l f l o w reserve a n d Correspondence to: Bon-Kwon receptor expressed by direct comparison of the assembly with the human reference, two datasets. Checks for consistency between genome maps and contigs 6 f l o w reserve, t h e d i a g n o s t i Burtness c a c c u r a c y o. MD) f identifying o f of c ubreakpoints t o f f valuesthat, o f to our Koo, MD, Ph. D, Department mainly onactivated. T cells, which downregulates PD-L 1 excessive immune ; egardless thousands knowledge, have corrected potential assembly errors within 23 contigs (Extended Data i n s t a n e o u s w a v e - f r e e r a t i o d i dn o t differ, r of Internal Medicine and responses bybinding to its ligands, C not been reported before. Many of the insertions are reflected in Fig. 3 b and Supplementary Table 5). The final assembly after polishing 7, 8 University of Cardiovascular Cente r, Seoul PD-L 1 and PD-L 2. PD-L 1 is constitutively expressedin Drug. A various tissues and can also h yp e re mi c MB F a n d c o ro na ry f l o w reserve. the transcriptome and are shared across the Asian population. We with Illumina reads (Extended Data Fig. 4 a) is characterized by marked N o r t h Carolina Lineberger 6, 9– 12 Hospital, embrolizumab is a selective, humanised, high-a �nity haplotype of the. University assembly with 101 short reads, contiguity that has not been achieved by non-reference assemblies of be expressedin several F tumour types, includinggastric cancer. In tumour. PD-1 t h e c operformed ro n a ry c i rcu l a t i o n phasing. National Comprehensive Cancer Center, 6 -8 6 Daehang-ro, Chongno-gu, Seoul, monoclonal antibody Cdesigned to PD-1 O N C L bind U S Ito ON S : This s t u d y. Hill, d e mo n st. USA ra t e dh o wstenosis severity long reads sequencing and the human diploid genome so far, and improves on the previous best tissues, binding of. PD-1 to PD-L 1 inhibits e�ector T-cellfunction, that leading to suppression Chapel NC, u sand i n g linked reads from whole-genome 110 -744, Korea. E-mail 6, 7 bkkoo@ with short reads from 31, 719 BAC clones, thereby achieving phased N 50 length by 18 Mb (Table 1). The largest 91 scaffolds, for example, of the antitumour followingimmune response andenabling neoplastic growth. resulting block the interaction PD-1 its e. Jt o. Mc. Ree c habetween n g e s in re sand p o(A ns i n cre a. MD) s i n g ; c. National o ro n a ryblocks with of 11. 6 Haplotigs assembled from single- cover 90% of the genome and 8 chromosomal arms are spanned by ra p h y – dan er. N 50 i ve size d MBF a n. Mb. d invasively snu. ac. kr 1 3 a manageable safety Taiwan University Pembrolizumab has N - a m m o n i u m p o s i t ro n e mi s si o n t o m o g ma ti c d ru g. W e report t he findings of a ph as e 3 study of mo not he ra py w it h tofacitinib, tor, a n oral Janus kinase inhibia s co mpa re d wi th me tho tr ex at e m on ot he ra py in p ati en ts w h o ha d not previously received me tho tr ex at e or th er ap eu t M et hod s W e ra ndo mly a ss i gne d 9 58 pa ti en ts t o receive 5 m g o r 1 Article Distinct Commensals Induce Interleukin-1 b via NLRP 3 Inflammasome in Infl ammatory Monocytes t o Promote Intestinal Inflammation in Response to Injury Article Spatiotemporal Evolution of the Primary Gliobl astoma Genome Prediagnosis. Body Mass Index and Risk of Secondary Primary Cancer in Male Cancer Survivors: A Large Cohort Study Research Fund $232. 1 million Articles Pembrolizumabfor patientswith gastriccancer(KEYNOTE-012): a phase 1 btrial PD-L 1 -positiveadvanced multicentre, ORIGINAL open-label, RESEARCH ARTICLE Exploring Coronary Circulatory Response to Stenosis and Its Association W ith Invasive Physiologic Indexes U sing Ab solute M y o c a r dial Blood Flow and Coronary Pressure Letter Downloaded from http: //circ. ahajournals. org/ bybybybybyguest ononononon June 21, 2018 De novo assembly and phasing of a Korean human genome Nature Journal of Clinical Oncology Lancet Oncology Circulation www. thelancet. com/oncology Vol 17 June 2016 Research Papers Published 2, 989 a n d h molecule y p e r e mreal-time i c pressure– reads assigned haplotypes on 1807 phased blockssingle scaffolds (Fig. 1 a). Hospital, Sourcesof to Funding, seepage Taipei, Taiwan (C-C L i n M D ); me a santitumour ur ed pressure 89%o of The accurately characterized the The scaffolding accuracy of the AK 1 assembly was assessed using and has shownpromising activity d a t a. C ur re nt l y us e d re st i n gsi m il a rcovered p a t t e rns f regenes. l a t i on s hhaplotigs ips Merck & Co, Kenilworth, NJ, hypervariable major histocompatability complex region as well as paired-end sequences from AK 1 BAC library 1 from 62, 758 BAC clones several types of advanced andp h ys i o l o g i ca l i n d ex e s h a v e d esolid ri ve dtumours invasive USA (K Pathiraja MA, l es i o n severities. Key Words: coronary artery disease� fractionalflow reserve, 14 demonstrating allele configuration in clinically relevant genes t o t h e di fisf e. Jre n t a n a t o mi ca n d h e m o d y n a m i c myocardial � instantaneous wavesuch (Extended Data Fig. 1). Most (95. 4%) of the uniquely aligned BAC aematological malignancies. Pembrolizumab Lunceford Ph. D, clones were in concordance with the assembly (Extended Data Table 2), i n. CYP 2 D 6. i ca l t ri a l This s. g owork v. presents the most contiguous diploidhuman in several countries for the treatment of K Emancipator MD, J Juco t t p s: / / w w w. c las freeratio � myocardial ischemia as expected since the genomic DNA originated from the same MD, C L I N I C A L T R I A L R E G I S T R A T I O N : URL: h genome assembly so far, with extensive investigation of unreported � myocardial perfusion imaging M Koshiji M D ); and Seoul and Asian-specific structural variants, and high-quality haplotypingindividual. From the set of BAC clones that aligned concordant with of clinically melanoma andis approvedin the USA for the � positron-emission tomography U n i q u e i d e n t i f i er : N C T 0 1 3 University 6 6 4 0 4. College o f National relevant alleles for precision medicine. the reference genome, 99. 8% also aligned concordant with the AK 1 Although massively parallel of metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer Medicine, Seoul, South Korea sequencing approaches have ©been with most of the discrepancies caused by phase differences widely used to study genomic variation, 2017 assembly, American Heart progressed on or after platinum-containing(Prof Y-J Bang MD) simple alignment of short (Supplementary Table 6). The base accuracy of the assembly was reads to a reference genome cannot be used to Association, Inc. chemotherapyandexpresses. PD-L 1, as assessedwith the Correspondence to: investigate the full assessed by Illumina short reads (72×). The read-depth distributions range of structural variation and phased diploid IHC 22 C 3 pharm. Dx kit (Dako North America, Dr Kei Muro, Aichi Cancer architecture, which of the reads mapped to GRCh 37, GRCh 38 and AK 1 show similar are important for precision medicine. By contrast, the single. Center molecule 2017; 136: 1798– 1808. patterns (Extended Data Fig. 4 b). The estimated base-level error rate of real-time (SMRT) sequencing platform produces long reads that can the Circulation. DOI: 10. 1161/CIRCULATIONAHA. 117. 029911 Hospital, N a g o y a 4 6 4 - 8 6 8 1 , − 5 arpinteria, CA, USA; approved by the. US Food and assembly was less than 10 based on the count of single nucleotide resolve repetitive structures effectively. We integrated this technology polymorphisms 13– 15 Japan dministration). 1798 November 7, 2017 (SNPs) with unexpected alleles (Extended Data Fig. 4 c kmuro@aichi-cc. jp indings fromseveral studiessupport targeting of the with several other sequencing approaches to construct a high-quality and Supplementary Table 7). pathwayin gastric cancer. Preclinical datasuggest. PD-L 1 Korean diploid genome assembly (Extended Data Fig. 1). We used the AK 1 assembly to close gaps remaining in human SMRT sequencing of the expressionis significantlyupregulated. Helicobacter pylori genome of a Korean individual AK 1, for genome reference GRCh 38. Of 190 euchromatic gaps (Supplementary whom we have previously reported the infectionand that thedecreasein T-cell proliferationcan be annotated variations assessed Table 8), 65 were closed entirely by our de novo assembly (Fig. 1 b and with BAC clones and array comparative genomic 1 reversed hybridization , was Extended Data Fig. 5). Local realignment and reassembly, and use performed at 101× coverage using Pacific Biosciences (Pac. Bio) RSII of spanning reads, resolved a further 40 gaps. The closed gaps were 717 1 G en o mi c Me d i ci n e Institute (GMI), Me d i c al Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 1 1 0 -7 9 9, S o ut h. Korea. 2 D e pa rt me n t of Bi o c h e mi st ry a nd Mo l e c ul a r Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 1 1 0 -7 9 9, S o ut h 3 Korea. D e p a rt me nt of B i o me di c a l Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 1 1 0 -7 9 9 , S o u t h. Korea. 4 5 1 Institute, 3 O c t O 0 1 6 Seoul | V O 1 5 L 3 5 -032 3 8, | N Bioinformatics Institute, Ma cro g e n Inc. , Seoul 15 3 -0 2 3 , So u t h. Korea. G e n o me Mabc erorg e 2 n Inc. , At U r e | 243 6 7 S o ut h Korea. Bio. Nano Genomics, Sa n Diego, California 9 2 1 , USA. Pacific Biosciences of California, Inc. , Me n l o Park, © 20 1 6 M ac m i ll an Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. Al l rights California 9 4 0 2 5 , USA. reserved. *These a u t h or s c on t ri b u t e dequally to thiswork. Papers published in high impact journals* * Thomson impact factor > 10. 0 158

LEE JONG WOOK – SEOUL PROJECT Lee Jong Wook – Seoul Project Seoul National University College of Medicine transfers advanced medial technology and knowledge to the world. 'Minnesota Project' in the 1950 s MOU with University of Health Sciences of Lao PDR in 2011 The Lee Jong Wook – Seoul Project gives us the opportunity to pay back In 2011, SNUCM and University of Health Sciences of Lao PDR signed an MOU. that debt by sharing our advancements in medical technology with SNUCM invites exchange students from Laos and provides medical equipment developing nations. to their home country. SNUCM is striving to meet its social responsibility by helping Laos improve its medical technology and welfare.

JW LEE CENTER FOR GLOBAL MEDICINE JW LEE Center for Global Medicine Strengthening the Capacity Building This situation has motivated JW LEE Center for Global Medicine (CGM) of Seoul National University College of Medicine (SNUCM) to support in aspects of both physical infrastructure and human resource training to strengthen the capacity of countries for the cardiac surgery. The project has been conducted in several countries, including Ethiopia, Uzbekistan, Nepal, Mongolia, and China for several years. ETHIOPIA – Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital(TASH) UZBEKISTAN – Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute

INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND UNIFICATION STUDIES Institute for Health and Unification Studies has tried to build healthy community in Korean peninsula through reducing healthcare gap between North and South Korea by research and education programs. Healthcare support projects and ‘Medicine and Korean Reunification Forum’

INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND UNIFICATION STUDIES Preparing Inter-Korean Exchange and Cooperation and education and training program of public health manpower for unification In 2008, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital and Okedongmu Children in Korea built a Pyongyang Okedongmu Children’s clinic and Pediatric. Ward in Pyongyang Medical College Hospital, and provided training program for North Korean health professionals since 2009. Based on the experiences, Institute for Health and Unification Studies(IHUS) was founded in 11 th of June 2012 for not only understanding healthcare gap between North and South Korea also improving public health in North Korea to prepare a unification of Korean peninsula.

INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIPS International Partnerships Global Activities in International Health and Medicine. International Exchange By establishing MOUs and sharing knowledge with various domestic and international medical schools, students and professors are provided with more oppurtunities in international exchange programs Unit: Persons Status of Foreign. Trainees Europe Oceania Asia Middle East North America Central America Africa 2013 13 2014 2015 2016 2017 7 19 28 7 47 71 49 43 19 27 12 38 64 17 96 22 2 102 1 111 14 15 2 99 23 173 2 3 16 15 210 SNUCM provides foreign students with practical training in hospitals and various exchange programs, bringing in more foreign researchers each year.

INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIPS Unit: Persons Status of students studying abroad in the last 3 years 151 Europe Oceania Asia 32 29 Middle East North America 74 6 10 SNUCM provides international education experience for students with the student exchange program, allowing a widening of perspective needed to become global leaders.

INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIPS Signing MOU with International Institutions continent NORTH AMERICA SNUCM promotes international student exchange programs and researchers academic activities in its MOU-bound active cooperation with a network of prestigious medical schools in Korea and overseas and associated international organizations, thereby continuing to bolster expansion of mutual exchanges. country Institution name Canada Mc. Master University Canada University of British Columbia USA University of California, Los Angeles(UCLA) David Geffen. School of. Medicine USA University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine USA Temple. University Of The Commonwealth System of Higher Education USA Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health USA University of Rochester Medical Center USA University of Nebraska Medical Center USA George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences USA University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine USA University of Chicago Medicine USA Michigan State University USA New York University School of Medicine USA Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey (Biomedical) USA University of Utah USA Columbia University(in the City of New York) USA University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine USA Western University of Health Sciences USA University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center

INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIPS continent country Institution name USA Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School USA University of California, Irvine School of Medicine USA Emory University School of Medicine Hungary Semmelweis University Faculty of Medicine Czech Republic Charles University 2 nd Faculty of Medicine England King's College London England Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Spain Universidad Autónoma de Madrid School of Medicine Swiss University of Basel Faculty of Medicine Russia I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Germany University Medical Center Goettingen Germany Goethe University of Frankfurt Medical Faculty Netherlands Maastricht University Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences Netherlands University Medical Center Rotterdam Erasmus MC Australia /Domestic University of South Australia, Quality Use of Medicine and Pharmacy Research Centre, Sansom Institute/Korea Institute of Drug Safety & Risk Management Australia University of Melbourne Australia University of New South Wales Australia University of Sydney New Zealand University of Queensland School of Medicine New Zealand University of Auckland AFRICA Ethiopia St. Paul Hospital - KOFIH - Seoul University Hospital ETC Overseas The World Health Organization(WHO/WPRO)-WHO West-Pacific Division NORTH AMERICA EUROPE OCEANIA

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