HISTORY OF PHOTO MANIPULATION A brief history of

HISTORY OF PHOTO MANIPULATION A brief history of manipulation or Photoshoping of images. By: Clinton Peatross

Early manipulation techniques. “Historical tools used for photo manipulation. ” (wikipedia. com 7/9/12) Technician in a dark room. (heyhotshot. com 7/9/12)

The first Photo-shoppers. • Photo manipulation has been in use since the invention of photography. “This nearly iconic portrait (in the form of a lithograph) of U. S. President Abraham Lincoln is a composite of Lincoln’s head and the Southern politician John Calhoun’s body. “ (fourandsix. com 7/9/12)

Propaganda • Dictators and corrupt Leaders use photo manipulation to their advantage. “Stalin routinely air-brushed his enemies out of photographs. In this photograph a commissar was removed from the original photograph after falling out of favor with Stalin. ” (fourandsix. com 7/9/12)

Politics and Elections Political campaigns have been swayed due to doctored photos. “It is believed that this doctored photograph contributed to Senator Millard Tydings’ electoral defeat in 1950. The photo of Tydings (right) conversing with Earl Browder (left), a leader of the American Communist party, was meant to suggest that Tydings had communist sympathies. (fourandsix. com 7/9/12)

Politics and Elections (cont’d) “A photo purporting to show Senator John Kerry and Jane Fonda sharing a stage at an anti-war rally emerged during the 2004 Presidential primaries as Senator Kerry was campaigning for the Democratic nomination. It was later determined to be a photo composite. The picture of Senator Kerry was captured by photographer Ken Light as Kerry was preparing to give a speech at the Register for Peace Rally held in Mineola, New York, in June 1971. The picture of Jane Fonda was captured by Owen Franken as Fonda was speaking at a political rally in Miami Beach, Florida, in August 1972. ” (fourandsix. com 7/9/12)