History of Manufacturing Overview This presentation discusses The

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History of Manufacturing

History of Manufacturing

Overview This presentation discusses: • The need for manufacturing • A brief history of

Overview This presentation discusses: • The need for manufacturing • A brief history of manufacturing • Key figures in manufacturing • An example of the manufacturing process

Why Manufacture? • Manufacturing accounts for 20% of the US gross domestic product •

Why Manufacture? • Manufacturing accounts for 20% of the US gross domestic product • Manufacturing employs 17% of the U. S. workforce 1 1 according Domestic Product to the National Science and Technology Council Workforce

History of Manufacturing Prior to 19 th century – Artisans – Handmade products

History of Manufacturing Prior to 19 th century – Artisans – Handmade products

History of Manufacturing Prior to the 19 th century – Eli Whitney Photos courtesy

History of Manufacturing Prior to the 19 th century – Eli Whitney Photos courtesy of www. eliwhitney. org

History of Manufacturing Early 1900 s – Henry Ford From Wiki

History of Manufacturing Early 1900 s – Henry Ford From Wiki

History of Manufacturing Early 1900 s – Kiichiro Toyoda – Lean Manufacturing Five areas

History of Manufacturing Early 1900 s – Kiichiro Toyoda – Lean Manufacturing Five areas drive lean manufacturing/production: – Cost – Quality – Delivery – Safety – Morale

History of Manufacturing Mid 1900 s – Jervis B. Webb Co. creates the first

History of Manufacturing Mid 1900 s – Jervis B. Webb Co. creates the first electronically coordinated conveyor system Photo courtesy of Jervis B. Webb Col.

Manufacturing Today Automatic Storage and Retrieval System (ASRS) – Moves material vertically or horizontally

Manufacturing Today Automatic Storage and Retrieval System (ASRS) – Moves material vertically or horizontally between storage compartment and transfer station or within a process Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV) – Computer-controlled system using pallets to transport work pieces to NC machine tools and other equipment in a flexible manufacturing system Artificial Intelligence (AI) – Machines learn from experience – Knowledge used to problem solve

Manufacturing Today Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) – Company-wide management philosophy for planning, integration, and

Manufacturing Today Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) – Company-wide management philosophy for planning, integration, and implementation of automation Manufacturing Enterprise Wheel 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Customer-centered People and teamwork Shared knowledge Key processes Resources and responsibilities Infrastructure Photo Courtesy of Kettering Communications

Manufacturing Today Kaizen – Japanese word for “improvement” – Based on continuous improvement by

Manufacturing Today Kaizen – Japanese word for “improvement” – Based on continuous improvement by everyone Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS) – Adapts efficiently to changing need – Possibly increase productivity by 50%

Manufacturing Today Just In Time Manufacturing (JIT) – Objective is to eliminate waste –

Manufacturing Today Just In Time Manufacturing (JIT) – Objective is to eliminate waste – Capable of producing mixed products – Utilizes cross-trained workers Toyota Production System (TPS) – Applied to automotive manufacturing – Competes with mass production – Employs lean production strategy Lean Manufacturing – Systematic elimination of waste – Entire system must participate to produce effectivity

Lean Manufacturing Video

Lean Manufacturing Video

Manufacturing Today Six Sigma (6σ) – Indicates measure of quality for near perfection –

Manufacturing Today Six Sigma (6σ) – Indicates measure of quality for near perfection – Produces fewer than 3. 4 defects per million opportunities – Identifies and corrects causes of defects – Utilizes the five “whys” to uncover root cause 6σ

Manufacturing Today Rapid Prototyping – Prototype made directly from a computer model – Several

Manufacturing Today Rapid Prototyping – Prototype made directly from a computer model – Several technologies • • Stereolithography 3 D Printing Selective Laser Sintering Fused Deposition Modeling Workcell – Manufacturing resources arranged into a group Work Envelope – Range of motion of a robot or machine – Degrees of freedom are individual movements

References Computer and Automated Systems Association of the Society of Manufacturing Engineers (3 rd

References Computer and Automated Systems Association of the Society of Manufacturing Engineers (3 rd ed. ). (1993). The new manufacturing enterprise wheel. Dearborn, Michigan: Author. Elshennawy, A. K. , & Schrader, G. F. (2000). Manufacturing processes and materials. Dearborn, MI: Society of Manufacturing Engineers. Ford Motor Company. (n. d. ) Ford Model T turns 100: Centennial celebrations underway for the historic icon. Retrieved January 27, 2010, from http: //media. ford. com/article_display. cfm? article_id=27864 Kettering University. (n. d. ) Industrial engineering laboratories. Retrieved December 18, 2007, from http: //www. kettering. edu/futurestudents/undergraduate/industrialengi neering_labs. jsp Kiichiro Toyoda. (2009). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved February 28, 2009, from http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Kiichiro_Toyoda Microsoft Clip Art. (2009). Retrieved February 28, 2009, from www. microsoft. com

References Rapid Prototyping. (2009). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved February 28, 2009, from

References Rapid Prototyping. (2009). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved February 28, 2009, from http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Rapid_Prototyping Robot. Worx. (2009). Work envelope. Retrieved February 28, 2009, from http: //www. robots. com/faq. php? question=work+envelope Rufe, P. D. (Ed. ). (2002). Fundamentals of manufacturing. Dearborn, MI: Society of Manufacturing Engineers. Six Sigma Dictionary (2009). In i. Six. Sigma. Retrieved February 28, 2009, from http: //www. isixsigma. com/dictionary/Work_Cell-128. htm Toyoda, K. (2009). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved December 9, 2009, from http: //en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Kiichiro_Toyoda&oldid=168 960586