History of judo The origin of Judo must

History of judo. The origin of Judo must centuries-old tradition of military arts, and formed developed in the various schools of jujitsu medieval Japan. End of XIX century marked the beginning of the era in Japan dramatic changes. Spirit of the West began to penetrate into the daily life of ordinary Japanese. The stage of history came a generation interested in what is new and modern. Was Дзигоро Кано dying samurai tradition. Under threat ancient martial art that is held by representatives of the samurai clans. ? The rapid spread of the elements of Western culture in Japanese society has played a role in the appearance of judo. The creator of this multifaceted system of physical education, connecting ideas and traditions of the samurai with the ideas of the Olympic sports is Jigoro Kano (1860 -1938).

By modern standards, Jigoro began to take up the martial arts relatively late age of 17. Fortunately, Jigoro Kano, initially had good teachers, the first of which was a master in the practice of struggle, and the second - in teaching technique. At school, the Tenshin-Shinyo-ryu Cano was named Shihan (master), and this period was his most rewarding. He got up very early. Often with the sunrise came to practice, and then to classes at the university. From there he again returned to the room to have the most train the beginners group. Despite the intense training in University, there was no case to Kano missed training. In the summer of 1882, he receive a diploma prepodavatelyaliteratury, that at that time approaches representative of the highest intellectual elite of Japanese society. Kano decided to continue their education at school peers that future promises a career in public service. But the passion of Jiu-Jitsu, which has become a matter of life and change his fate.

In February of that year, Kano with some of his disciples opened his own school in the temple Eysedzi. This was the now world famous Kodokan, which was then housed in four rooms. The biggest - the area of 4 x 6 meters - taken under the dojo. In the first year of school there were only nine students. For starters, the teacher did not have the equipment, even the small room. Cano got the necessary amount for the translation from English of the book "A Treatise on Ethics, " commissioned by the Ministry of Education. Opening date is identified with the Kodokan Judo birthday - original system of education of Japanese youth, created by Jigoro Kano-based ancient jujitsu. System of physical and moral perfection, performing not only applied function, but also education and, much more important, educational.

In January 1883 the Kodokan Eysedzi left temple and finds a new home at a very modest place. The new hall could not accommodate all the mat, so Cano makes next to a small outhouse wall, more like a barn, which, although it was spacious, with cold and dampness can not save. A year later, the master himself and his students, the number of which has increased significantly, was relieved to learn about the possibility of moving to a new room. That same year, Cano has developed a code of conduct for students Kodokan. The first to sign it, dip the brush in his own blood, Tsunedziro Tomita, Saigo Haguchi, Shiro Saigo, Sakudziro Yokoyama and Yosiaki Yamashita. Йосиаки Ямасита Сакудзиро Йокояма Цунедзиро Томита

The same day, Shiro Saigo and Tsunedziro Tomita, senior students of the school, became a black belt as a symbol of achieving the first master's degree. Jigoro Kano established five points vows, whose meaning is the following: - Moving into the path of judo, I do not give up the occupation without serious grounds; - His behavior, I promise not to demean the dignity dojo; - I will never betray secrets schools and only the uninitiated in a pinch I will take LESSONS elsewhere; ? - I promise not to give lessons without the permission of his master: - In the course of his life I swear to respect the rules of the Kodokan as a student and teacher, if I become them.

At first, no one has seen or understood the difference between jiu-jitsu and judo. Without going into the essence of the ideas put forward by Jigoro Kano, the old masters considered him abstruse upstart kichivshimsya their education and trying to make a Western alien orders in the national traditions of the ancient martial art. Feeling threatened by the Judo, Jiu-Jitsu representatives announced Kano merciless war. The last years of the XIX century were very difficult to stand up judo, which was beginning to struggle for the right of citizenship in the new Japan, soon to become an integral part of the culture of the rising sun. Seeking recognition, students Kano had to prove the superiority of the new system in practice.

Today, members of the International Judo Federation, established in 1951, are more than 170 countries. Regular championship and the world championship. Judo is included in the Olympic program. Holds a strong position and the women's judo at the origins of which stood the Jigoro Kano. He personally took the exam on fighting techniques from his future wife Sumako. They married in 1891. Maids in their home, in addition to working on the farm, both trained and girls who want to join the judo. Experiment begun visionary Kano to involve women in traditionally male occupations, was a success. The first competitions were held at the Kodokan. Now has its own "genius judo" and the girls. Lowest since 1925, for three years was Hori Utaka. Noritomi Masako received by the Kodokan in May 1925, later became the author of the popular, many times the published book "Judo for women. " Do not drop the honor of his father's family and the daughter of Jigoro Kano: senior - Vatenuko Noriko, later led the sector in Kodokan Judo and Takadzaki Atsuko also dedicated her life to her father. One of the students of Kano Miyagawa Hisako Sakuragako founded his own school. All the girls were owners of a high-dan. In 1926, at the Kodokan was officially opened by the women's section. Kano has always actively encouraged women to join judo and often said, "If you want to really understand judo, watch trains a woman. " But for a long time in Japan, largely to be conservative, official national championships for women were not conducted.

Start promoting Judo in the West was laid Kano September 13, 1889, when he went to Europe to learn the existing system where physical education and at the same time to share their ideas about judo. By that time, Judo has become firmly established in their homeland in the life of ordinary Japanese became a compulsory subject in the school curriculum. Schools were active soldiers opened branches Kodokan. Jiu Jitsu surpassed by the new system of martial arts. But the confrontation continued.

During the 1890 Kano visited Lyon, Paris, Brussels, Vienna, Berlin, Copenhagen, Stockholm, Amsterdam, The Hague, Rotterdam and London. ? European tour Kano bear fruit. Began the exchange of teachers and athletes, began to open branches abroad and Kodokan judo school in the Old World, and later in the U. S. . ? After the end of World War II Judo engaged in 120 countries. ? The most active Judo began developing in France, where for the first time after Japan Kano demonstrated his technique. Remote consequences are felt to this day. On the mass and skill judoka France has a leading position in Europe. The team of France - one of the strongest in the world. ? Returning home on the ship "Hikawa Maru", ill severe inflammation of the lungs, May 4, 1938 the grand master died.

In judo Olympic program debuted in 1964, when Japan was granted the right to hold XVIII Summer Olympics. The first Olympic champion in judo are: Takehide Nakatani (Japan, 68 kg), Isao Okano (Japan, 80 kg), Anton Geesink (Holland, + 80 kg) and Isao Inokuma (Japan, category). Olympic judo final status achieved in 1972 in Munich. In the public mind there is a misconception that coveted black belt is the most prestigious. In fact, higher skill (by and large - knowledge) noted a red belt. Although the Jigoro Kano at the end of life again put on a white belt, underscoring the depth and immensity of the secrets he had created a martial art. So far in Europe use the following colors, allowing to determine the skill level of judo, looking at his belt. Initially, six students' degrees are 6 kyu - white belt, 5 kyu - yellow, 4 kyu - orange, 3 kyu - green, 2 kyu - blue, 1 kyu - brown. Followed by 10 master's degree - Dan holders are the first 5 dan black belt, which differ in the number of transverse white stripes at the end of the belt, 6 -8 dan - red and white belt, 9 -10 Dan - a red belt.

Unfortunately, the founder of judo has not lived up to the time when his child has become a truly mass sport, popular in the world of children and adults, boys and girls, men and women. Millions of people of all ages involved in judo. Judo unites people of different nationalities, tastes, beliefs. Judo versatility allows everyone here is that you need only to him. Much has been written about judo, but the final point is too early - the subject is inexhaustible. More than a century Judo attracts more and more fans.