History of Israel Lesson 6 Ancient Israel History

History of Israel Lesson #6

Ancient Israel • History described in the Bible • A proud civilization • Defeated surrounded lands

Roman Invasion Around 2000 years ago… Romans took over Israel Jews rebelled. Romans kicked out Jews

Jewish Diaspora Jews were forced to find new homes. Most moved to Western Russia and Poland Get out!

Questions (set A) 1. What people first owned land that is now Israel? 2. Who took over and kicked out Jewish people? 3. Where did Jews go?

Return of Jewish People to Israel • In 1900 s, Jews start to return • (called the ZIONIST MOVEMENT) • Goal: form a modern nation of Israel • Problem: people had moved onto land of Israel • Romans had called them Palestinians

Zionism • Jews persecuted while living in other nations as refugees • Lots wanted a Jewish nation that would protect Jews • Zionism was the idea to create a new Israel where the old one was (holy land)

Changes in ownership of land • In 1900 s, Ottoman Empire owned land • Ottomans had become weak. • Ottomans lost in WWI • British took over land. • British promised Jews they could create a new nation if they helped in WWI

Post WWI Middle East

Planned partition of Palestine • The British owned the land after WWI • Region called PALESTINE was to be carved into THREE independent nations • Israel was to get the green portion

Questions (set B) 1. What was to be formed by Zionism? 2. Who are the Palestinians? 3. What two nations owned Israel, one before WWI and one after WWI?

Road to a State of Israel • United Nations suggested splitting western land into two Nations: – Jewish State – Palestinian State • Jews agreed • Palestinians, and surrounding nations did NOT agree click • None of them thought there should be a new nation of Israel

Formation of a new Jewish Nation • The Holocaust (1937 -1945) caused Jews to FLOOD region • By 1948, Israel was done waiting • Israel declared itself a nation • Rejoicing in the streets… but… • Neighboring nations saw this as a “Western invasion” • Palestinians saw this as theft • Might lead to conflict

War for Israeli Independence • Israel invaded 1948 by – Egypt – Jordan – Iraq – Syria – Lebanon • • Overwhelming force Was not unified Israel WAS unified Israel won

Questions (set C) 1. What part of Palestine did the Palestinians think Israel should get? 2. What nations invaded Israel immediately after it formed as a nation? 3. Who won the war?

Result of War • Palestinians wanted all the land • They got none • Most moved into surrounding nations • Became refugees • And were ANGRY • Surrounding nations were humiliated • All vowed REVENGE

Surrounding nations took revenge • Egypt planned to invade • Coordinated Syria and Jordan to join (1967) • Israel foiled plans • Israel went on offensive • In 6 days, defeated enemies Now known as SIX DAY WAR • Egypt led another invasion 1973… and lost

Questions (set D) 1. Where did most Palestinians go after the Israel won the war? 2. How were the surrounding nations humiliated? (how long did the 1967 war take? ) 3. What nation leads the wars against Israel?

Internal problems in Israel • Palestinians still want a nation • Some Palestinians have become terrorists – Suicide bombers • Most Palestinians want to live in peace • Should Israel give up some land for them?

Palestinian terrorists form to destroy Israel • Refugees formed terrorist group PLO, 1964 • Refugees in Lebanon formed Hezbollah, 1982 • Refugees in Egypt formed Hamas, 1988 click

Questions (set E) 1. What do the Palestinians want? 2. What is the goal of the PLO, Hamas and Hezbollah? 3. What two nations owned Israel, one before WWI and one after WWI?

The result of all this conflict • • Disagreement over land Formation of terrorist groups Israel always on defensive Palestinian refugees • What should Israel do?

Israel Today • Israel depends on support from USA • Israel is a “western” nation, like us • Should we always support them?