HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS https www youtube comwatch

HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=su. IKXQR 9 N 2 w Economic Organizations (12 min) https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=XPKf 24_p. Xf. Q

LEAGUE OF NATIONS • Supposed to preserve world peace after WWI • 14 th point of FOURTEEN POINTS • Not everyone joined and not everyone stayed • Was ineffective (did not stop Italy in Ethiopia, Japan in China and Hitler’s continuing aggressive stance in Europe)

UNITED NATIONS (1945 - present) • Work at world peace, safety, economic development worldwide, social advancement of all peoples • Security Council (5 permanent members), WHO, General Assembly, UNICEF https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=1 cqw 8 ongt. Y 3 min history of UN

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO’s and INGO’s) • Often connected to human rights, hunger and equality access to health care for all people • • Doctors Without Borders Amnesty International Green Peace Oxfam

POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS • NATO • WARSAW PACT • EUROPEAN UNION (also economic)

ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION WHY? • Since WWII, capitalist victors wanted to avoid Depression-era conditions • Wanted to create “rules” for commercial and financial dealings among capitalist countries as well as promote free trade, stable currency (linked to US dollar) and capital investment

WTO – WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION • Not a trade block • 153 Organizations • Facilitates free trade, ends trade disputes • BUT – very controversial…a force of globalization; interests of global corporations; have too much control • Seattle WTO conferences = violence

IMF – International Monetary Fund • Rich countries contribute to this fund to stabilize world economy – lends money to countries that need it • Benefits: help countries who need help • Controversy: If countries cannot pay it back, IMF can come in and force economic change to government (slash education, military, etc…) – AUSTERITY MEASURES • Sometimes lend to corrupt dictators who steal money and then country is “on the hook” • Starting to run out of money

REGIONAL ECONOMIC GROUPS • • OPEC (Organization of Oil Exporting Countries) Very powerful – formed in 1960 Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia) NAFTA (North American Free Trade Association) Canada, US, Mexico – free trade zone for products EU (European Union) Share currency, passport, free trade zone

HOW CAN ORGANIZATIONS EFFECT CHANGE? • ECONOMIC SANCTIONS – Embargoes, boycotts, freezing of assets, restrictions on investments – Can harm a country’s economy – Really only wielded by rich nations

See this video (from 5: 00 – end) • IMF, World Bank, WTO https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=XPKf 24_p. X f