History of Computing Roots of Computing Dr M

History of Computing Roots of Computing Dr. M. Tanvir Afzal

Roots of Computing Mechanical vs Electronics-driven machines Book: Computer Science : An Overview, 12 th ed. By J. Glenn Brook. Shear and Dennis Brylow Page: 16 -21 2 Dr. M. Tanvir Afzal

Roots of Computing Abacus: ü Ancient China, Greek and Roman Civilization 3 Dr. M. Tanvir Afzal

Abacus 4 Dr. M. Tanvir Afzal

Roots of Computing Technology of Gears: ü Pascal from france (1623 -1662) ü Leibniz (1646 -1716) from Germany ü Babbage from England (1792 -1871) 5 Dr. M. Tanvir Afzal

Technology of Gears 6 Dr. M. Tanvir Afzal

Data Storage In Geared Technology: ü Pascal and Leibniz output in gear ü Babbage produced output on paper (punch cards) ü Punch card helped in algorithm changes 7 Dr. M. Tanvir Afzal

Data Storage 8

Mechanical to Electronically Controlled Mechanical Relays ü Cost effective production of geared Technology-challenge ü Electromechanical machine by Stibitz in 1940 at Bell Labs ü Mark-I at Harvard in 1944 9 Dr. M. Tanvir Afzal

Vacuum Tubes 10 ENIAC (electronic numerical integrator and calculator)

Fact. Sheet: ENIAC by 1956 11 ü ü ü ü ü Occupied 1800 square feet 20, 000 vacuum tubes 1500 relays 10, 000 capacitors 70, 000 registers 200 Kilo Watt electricity https: //www. computerhope. c Weight 30 tons om/jargon/e/eniac. htm Cost = $487, 000 PKR = 62. 5 millions Dr. M. Tanvir Afzal

Rapid Advancement ü ü ü 12 Transistor Integrated Circuits Size reduction Processing Power doubling in 2 years Desktop computer by Steve Jobs and Stephen Wozniak in 1976 ü IBM launched PC in 1981 ü Web ü Smart Phones Dr. M. Tanvir Afzal

Summary History of Computing ü Abacus to Smart phone 13 Dr. M. Tanvir Afzal