HISTORY OF CHINA From Dynasties to Dictators DYNASTY

HISTORY OF CHINA From Dynasties to Dictators

DYNASTY RULE DISSOLVES A. B. Colonization in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s European countries spreading all over the world

DYNASTY RULE DISSOLVES The Europeans come to China and invade parts of it The emperor does nothing to stop the invasion Chinese people believe the emperor has lost the mandate of heaven

NATIONALISTS A group of men form a reform party called the Nationalists The Nationalists believe that China should become a republic and adopt western democratic ideals

The Nationalists overthrow the emperor and kickout the invading European countries 1911 - the emperor abdicates (gives up throne) and Nationalists take control

THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA The Nationalists declare China a republic They want China to adopt western democratic ideals Chiang Kai-shek becomes the President of “The Republic of China”

RIFT IN NATIONALISTS PARTY Some people in the party begin to believe that the peasant class was being ignored. They wanted to give the peasant more land more power

COMMUNIST PARTY BEGINS This group decides that Karl Marx’s communism will help the peasant class Karl Marx’s communism seemed to answer the age-old problem of achieving equality and prosperity for ALL Chinese people This group adopts Communism and tries to persuade all Nationalists to do the same The 2 different groups begin to have many disagreements

DEATH FOR ALL COMMUNISTS In 1927, President Chiang Kai-shek ordered all who favored Communist ideas to be killed He was fearful that the Communists were becoming too powerful and would soon be able to challenge his hold over the government Video Clip- (1 st DVD 38. 10 to picture of airplane)

THE LONG MARCH- 1934 The Communists begin to flee for their lives 100, 000 people began the march They marched for 6, 000 miles 95% were killed or died on the way � hunger, disease, and almost constant attack

THE LONG MARCH ENDS Once they reached the safety of the northern mountains, they created a society where everyone was equal (including women)- lasted about a year They elected Mao Zedong as their leader

CIVIL WAR Civil war starts between the 2 groups Starts in 1927 to 1949 (with a interruption for WW 2) Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalists verses Mao Zedong and the Communists

PEOPLE’S SUPPORT FOR COMMUNISM People begin to support Communism The Nationalists government had now became corrupt, disorganized, and ineffective The poor Chinese peasants begin to hear and the social reforms and equal rights that the communists believe in and they like their ideas � lower rents for pheasants � everyone is equal Many Chinese people join with the Communists

COMMUNIST WIN Communists start to win all of the battles Why? March into Beijing and won in 1949

WHAT DID THIS CIVIL WAR NOW KNOWN AS?

WHAT WAS CHINA LIKE PRIOR TO THIS REVOLUTION? � Government had become increasingly corrupt and dictatorial � Most Chinese people were peasants and very poor � Unhappy with the current corrupt government, which was to be a democracy, but turned into a dictatorship

WHAT ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL IDEAS LEAD TO THE REVOLUTION? Political Ideas � People should be equal and treated fairly Economic Ideas

TAIWAN In 1949 Chiang Kai-shek and the remaining Nationalists leave China and relocated to the island of Taiwan. He vows that he or his relatives will rule China again. Today, Taiwan claims to be independent, but China considers it part of China is now under the control of Communists