History of Binary A Presentation By Yasmine Dabbah

History of Binary A Presentation By: Yasmine Dabbah, Daniel Mashal, Gracee Kim, and Chance Ward

Quick Review The simplest of all positional number systems The base (‘radix’) is 2 Means only the digits 0 or 1 can appear in this system Convert the decimal number 3 into a binary number = 112 Internal structure of most computer systems

History of the Binary System Mainly developed by Gottfried Leibniz in mid 17 th century Explained significance of 0 and 1 Originally used to reason through binary propositions Inspired Boolean Algebra

Applications of Binary Bagua Yin/Yang Braille Raised/Not Raised CDs Hill/Valley

Computers and Binary Bit: smallest unit of information storable on the computer Consists of either 1 or 0 (YES or NO) Bits group together to make bytes (coined by Werner Buchholz, 1956) One byte usually = 8 bits Other bit combinations: ‘Nibble’ Kilobyte (KB) Megabyte (MB)

Computers and Binary - Color Hexadecimals (a power of 2) simplify the string of bits 2 hexadecimals = 8 binary bits = 1 byte Colors (HTML) are hex-triplets RGB color system: colors made by mixing red, green, and blue Black: 000000, white: FFFFFF Pantone’s Color of the Year 2015, Marsala: 955251

How do computers read binary code? Transistors turn binary codes into tasks for computers IBM 608 introduced and marketed in 1955 (the first fully transistorized computer!) Could ONLY calculate (though at rapid speed)

ASCII Coding American Standard Code for Information Interchange Represents text in computers and other communication devices that use text Most commonly used system on World Wide Web Surpassed by UFT-8, which includes ASCII as a subset, in 2007

ASCII Coding Uses 7 -bit binary codes Each letter or symbol is assigned decimal number 0 -127 First 32 characters are ‘nonprintable’ Used as commands (i. e. shift, backspace) Remaining characters are ‘printable’

The decimal number assigned to the character ‘A’ is 65. What would be the hexadecimal number? 41

Our Names In Binary Daniel: 1000100 1100001 1101110 1101001 1100101 1101100 Yasmine: 1011001 1100001 1110011 1101101001 1101110 1100101 Gracee: 1000111 1110010 1100001 1100011 1100101 Chance: 1000011 1101000 1100001 1101110 1100011 1100101

THE END “There are only 10 types of people in this world: those who understand binary and those who don’t. ”