History A Thing of the Past TEXT DETECTIVES
- Slides: 33
History: A Thing of the Past?
TEXT DETECTIVES A Seville is voluptuous and evocative. It has to be seen, tasted and touched. The old quarter is Seville as it was and is. Walk in its narrow cobbled streets, with cascades of geraniums tumbling from balconies and the past shouts so loudly that one can almost glimpse dark-cloaked figures disappearing silently through carved portals. B The blood vessels of the circulatory system, branching into multitudes of very fine tubes (capillaries), supply all parts of the muscles and organs with blood, which carries oxygen and food necessary for life. C Proud mum in a million Natalie Brown hugged her beautiful baby daughter Casey yesterday and said: “She’s my double miracle. ” purpose audience register structure syntax lexis morphology
Old English: What – who – when? Celtic & Latin Runes
Influence of Invasions: Latin loans Viking loans
Middle English: 1066: What happened? Rise of French How did English fight back?
Middle English: Why does spelling change? How does it change?
Origins of standard English: What different dialects emerge? Which become most dominant and why? What’s the Great Vowel Shift?
History: A Thing of the Past?
Language Change in Pictures An ‘Old Mr B’ Masterpiece
Old English: Marginalising the Celts
Old English: Runes
Old English: Alphabet
Old English: Sample
Old English: Christian Missionaries (597)
Old English: Vikings Invade (787)
Middle English: Normans
Middle English: Normans
Middle English: Normans Law and government: attorney, bailiff, chancellor, chattel, country, court, crime, defendent, evidence, government, jail, judge, jury, larceny, noble, parliament, plaintiff, plea, prison, revenue, state, tax, verdict Church: abbot, chaplain, chapter, clergy, friar, prayer, preach, priest, religion, sacrament, saint, sermon Nobility: baron, baroness; count, countess; duke, duchess; marquis, marquess; prince, princess; viscount, viscountess; noble, royal (contrast native words: king, queen, earl, lord, lady, knight, kingly, queenly) Military: army, artillery, battle, captain, company, corporal, defense, enemy, marine, navy, sergeant, soldier, volunteer Cooking: beef, boil, broil, butcher, dine, fry, mutton, pork, poultry, roast, salmon, stew, veal Culture and luxury goods: art, bracelet, clarinet, dance, diamond, fashion, fur, jewel, oboe, painting, pendant, satin, ruby, sculpture Other: adventure, change, chart, courage, devout, dignity, enamor, feign, fruit, letter, literature, magic, male, female, mirror, pilgrimage, proud, question, regard, special
Middle English: Normans WORD PAIRS Old English French ox beef sheep mutton freedom liberty pig/swine pork begin commence child infant hide conceal stench aroma
Middle English: Dialects
Middle English: Rise of standard form • • • Powerful texts (Chaucer, et al) written in Essex dialect London emerging as political and commercial centre: chancery and scribes Arrival of printing press
Middle English: Great Vowel Shift • • • Changes affected the long vowels Happens over 200 years Creates more disjuncture between spelling and pronunciation
Early Modern English: Printing • • • 1476: Caxton Standardisation gains momentum 20, 000 books in next 150 years Location: Westminster Caxton learns printing techniques in Cologne
Early Modern English: Bibles • • • Tyndale: 1525: vernacular English Gives the Bible a popular voice King James 1611 becomes the ‘authorised’ version
Modern English: Renaissance • • • Caxton to 1650 Science, medicine, arts, travel Eg – loan words from Portugese …
Modern English: Renaissance
Modern English
th Modern English: 17 C • • Learned discourse no longer confined to elite circles: now routinely published in English In 1660 s Royal Society argues that prose used by scientists should be ‘stripped of ornamentation and emotive language. It should be plain, precise and clear. The style should be non-assertive’.
th Modern English: 18 C • • • Urge to ‘fix’ the language Standardisation of punctuation Cleansing of vocabulary Rise of prescriptive grammars Rise of public schools (elocution)
th th. C Modern English: 19 C/20 Physics: calorie, electron, relativity Chemistry: creosote, cyanide, radium Psychology: schizophrenia, extrovert, inferiority complex Space science - lots of new compounds: countdown, blastoff spacecraft Similar impact since 1899 (cinema) of the media generally
Modern English: Now • • • Slang Americanisation Advertising Pidgins ICT
Language Change in Pictures An ‘Old Mr B’ Masterpiece
- Making connections
- Governing principles or foundation of inquiry
- Place value detectives
- Language detectives
- Brown dwarf
- Past progressive perfect
- Past and past continuous
- Exercise past simple past continuous and past perfect
- Past perfect continuous and past simple
- Present simple tense таблица
- Narrative tenses past simple
- Past continuous vs past perfect
- Past simple, past continuous, past perfect
- Present perfect and past simple story
- Simple past present perfect
- Hình ảnh bộ gõ cơ thể búng tay
- Slidetodoc
- Bổ thể
- Tỉ lệ cơ thể trẻ em
- Voi kéo gỗ như thế nào
- Tư thế worm breton
- Alleluia hat len nguoi oi
- Môn thể thao bắt đầu bằng chữ f
- Thế nào là hệ số cao nhất
- Các châu lục và đại dương trên thế giới
- Công thức tiính động năng
- Trời xanh đây là của chúng ta thể thơ
- Mật thư tọa độ 5x5
- Làm thế nào để 102-1=99
- độ dài liên kết
- Các châu lục và đại dương trên thế giới
- Thể thơ truyền thống
- Quá trình desamine hóa có thể tạo ra
- Một số thể thơ truyền thống