Historical Settings in China Ancient China Ancient Chinese

Historical Settings in China

Ancient China -Ancient Chinese government stayed in power with little change until fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911 -Confucianism was a conservative policy that promoted harmony and order -Officials tested on their knowledge of Confucianism through civil service exams

After Fall of Qing -By 1920's Nationalist Party emerged as the most prominent political and military force. -They allied themselves with the Communist Party but this eventually led to civil war. -End result was the removal of the Nationalist Party to Taiwan Communists under Mao Zedung became dominant force -

Three Periods of (PRC) People's Republic of China 1) 1949 -1957) LEAN TO ONE SIDE: -tried to emulate Soviet experience -They formed an alliance with teh Soviets but also used Maoist ideas such as, Thought reform and arrests of rightists. In 1960, China and Russian alliances split

2 - 1968 -1976 (Great Leap Forward) - Develop industry and agriculture simulataneously - China divided in to communes. Government officials would expect more than communes could produce. -Drought and famine brought small harvests that led to 27 million deaths

Cultural Revolution As Mao saw people doubting the vision of an ideal communist state, he developed this revolution. - Mao encouraged people to destroy non-Communist influences (religion and traditional) -Red Guard destroyed artifacts through out China and persecuted the "enemy"-

1978 - Present Learning from experience, not ideology was promoted after Mao's death. - Deng Xiaoping presided over reforms that focuses on modernization of the economy