Historical Perspectives Role of Creatine Phosphate in Energy

Historical Perspectives: Role of Creatine Phosphate in Energy Transport in Muscle Cells Evaluated by 31 P-NMR. Kazuo Yoshizaki Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770 -8503, JAPAN kyoshi@basic. med. tokushima-u. ac. jp

Shuttle hypothesis a) ATP carrier model energy-production system (mitochondria) energy-consumption system (actomyosin) ATP ADP + Pi energy Pi ｂ) C~P carrier model energy-production system ATP energy ADP C C~P Pi energy-consumption system C C~P Pi ATP ADP energy

Intracellular Energy Transport in Muscle: Yoshizaki et al BBA 1051: 144 (1990) 1) Diffusivities of phosphorus metabolites measured by 31 P-pulsed gradient NMR. 2) The flux of creatine kinase reaction measured by 31 P-saturation transfer NMR. 3) Evaluation on creatine phosphate shuttle theory.

Dr. G. K. Radda’s group at Oxford, U. K. , 1983.

Diffusion distance 2 Dτ τ: life time D: diffusion coefficient

22 μm 1. 8 57 37 Diffusion distance (μm) 2 Dτ

A case report on acute myocardial infarction accompanied with no increase in serum creatine kinase activity. K. Koizumi et al. , Kobe City General Hospital, J. Jap. Coll. Angiol. , 27, 988 (1987) (in Japanese) A 56 years old female, suffering from Diabetes mellitus without cardiac complications, died with acute myocardiac infraction. The agar gel electrophoresis of muscle homogenates showed that the CK-MM isozyme was almost undetected in skeletal and cardiac muscles, and the CK-MB isozyme was decreased in cardiac muscle. (Tentatively translated by K. Yoshizaki) P 2 -4 血清ＣＫ上昇を伴わない急性心筋梗塞症の一例 神戸市立中央市民病院 循環器センター 同臨床病理科* 小泉克己， 吉川純一， 加藤 洋， 奥町冨久丸， 吉田 清， 白鳥健一， 高尾精一， 赤阪隆史， 赤土正洋， 城 泰子， 笠倉新平*， 内田博也*

Shuttle hypothesis a) ATP carrier model energy-production system (mitochondria) energy-consumption system (actomyosin) ATP ADP + Pi energy Pi ｂ) C~P carrier model energy-production system ATP energy ADP C C~P Pi energy-consumption system C C~P Pi ATP ADP energy

Biochmica et Biophysica Acta, 1074 (1991) 302 -311 In vivo regulation of mitochondrial respiration in cardiomyocytes: Specific restrictions for intracellular diffusion of ADP Valdur A. Sakes, Yulia O. Belikova and Andrey V. Kuznetsov Laboratory of Bioenergetics, U. S. S. R. Cardiology Research Center, Moscow (U. S. S. R. ) Preparations Km(μM) Km(m. M) ADP no additions Mitochondria +AP 5 A 17. 6± 1. 0 +(creatine) creatine (at 0. 2 m. M ATP) 13. 6± 4. 4 6. 9 ± 0. 14 35. 6± 5. 67± 0. 11 79 6. 25± 0. 21 Saponin-treated carduinyocytes Skinned fibers 250. 2± 38. 5 263. 7± 57. 4 256. 5± 31. 8 ± 8

Biochmica et Biophysica Acta, 1074 (1991) 302 -311 In vivo regulation of mitochondrial respiration in cardiomyocytes: Specific restrictions for intracellular diffusion of ADP Valdur A. Sakes, Yulia O. Belikova and Andrey V. Kuznetsov Laboratory of Bioenergetics, U. S. S. R. Cardiology Research Center, Moscow (U. S. S. R. ) Discussion: (The old Japanese lady, described by Preparations K (μM) K (m. M) ADP reported to have only 2% creatine Oita et al. (1988) of intact (at 0. 2 m. M ATP) no additions +AP A creatine kinase preserved, might+(creatine) not be able to perform of work any more had Mitochondriatoo much 17. 6± 1. 0 13. 6± 4. 4 and might 6. 9 ± 0. 14 Saponin-treated suffered from decreased relaxation; however, such a carduinyocytes 250. 2± 38. 5 256. 5± 31. 8 35. 6± 5. 67± 0. 11 case should be 263. 7± 57. 4 verified by more 79 numerous studies Skinned fibers ± 8 6. 25± 0. 21 to be taken seriously. ) m m 5

31 P-saturation transfer NMR on skeletal muscles of creatine kinase (CK)-knockout mice. wild M-CK(-/-) Nicolay et al. (1998) Mol. Cell. Biochem 184: 195 -208

31 P-saturation transfer NMR on skeletal muscles of creatine kinase (CK)-knockout mice. wild M-CK(-/-) Nicolay et al. (1998) Mol. Cell. Biochem 184: 195 -208

1983