Histology Accessory digestive organs 1242020 ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS

Histology Accessory digestive organs 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION 2) ENDOCRINE PORTION 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION - synthesizes and secretes enzymes via a system of ducts that are essential for digestion in the intestine 2) ENDOCRINE PORTION - synthesizes and secretes hormones into the bloodstream to regulate glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION - COMPOUND ACINOUS GLAND - EACH ACINI CONSIST OF 5 -8 PYRAMIDAL CELLS THAT SIT ON A BASAL LAMINA AND SURROUND A CENTRAL LUMEN ACINAR CELLS - BASALLY LOCATED NUCLEI & RER - SUPRANUCLEAR GOLGI ZONE - ZYMOGENIC GRANULES CONTAINING DIGESTIVE ENZYMES IN APICAL REGION CENTROACINAR CELLS - LINE LUMEN OF ACINUS 12/4/2020 - SECRETE LARGE AMOUNTS OF BICARBONATE

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION PANCREAS INTERCALATED DUCTS INTRALOBULAR DUCTS INTERLOBULAR DUCTS MAIN 12/4/2020 DUCTS H&E

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION INTERCALATED - DUCTS lined with simple squamous epithelium INTRALOBULAR - DUCTS lined with simple cuboidal epithelium - size on the order of magnitude of acini INTERLOBULAR - DUCTS lined with simple columnar epithelium - found in fibroconnective tissue septa 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION ACINAR CELLS - BASALLY LOCATED NUCLEI & RER - SUPRANUCLEAR GOLGI ZONE - ZYMOGENIC GRANULES CONTAINING DIGESTIVE ENZYMES IN APICAL REGION trypsinogen, amylase, lipase CENTROACINAR CELLS - LINE LUMEN OF ACINUS - SECRETE LARGE AMOUNTS OF BICARBONATE 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION INTERCALATED DUCTS PANCREAS H&E 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS PANCREAS 1) EXOCRINE PORTION PANCREAS H&E 2) ENDOCRINE PORTION EXO- 12/4/2020 ENDO-

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS PANCREAS 2) ENDOCRINE PORTION - PRINCIPLE FUNCTION IS TO SECRETE HORMONES THAT REGULATE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS ISLETS OF LANGERHANS - MASSES OF RICHLY VASCULARIZED ENDOCRINE CELLS SCATTERED THROUGHOUT THE PANCREAS - SEPARATED FROM SURROUNDING ACINAR CELLS BY THIN CAPSULE OF RETICULAR FIBERS - 3 CELL TYPES IN ISLET DISTINGUISHED ONLY VIA SPECIAL STAINS 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS PANCREAS 2) ENDOCRINE PORTION 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS PANCREAS 2) ENDOCRINE PORTION CELL TYPES: 1) ALPHA CELLS -(20%) SECRETE GLUCAGON; RAISES BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS 2) BETA CELLS -(75%) SECRETE INSULIN; LOWERS BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS 3) DELTA CELLS -(5%) SECRETE SOMATOSTATIN; INHIBITS GLUCAGON AND INSULIN SECRETION 12/4/2020

12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER 1) EXOCRINE PORTION - synthesizes and secretes bile via a system of ducts that is essential for digestion in the intestine 2) ENDOCRINE PORTION - synthesizes and secretes numerous plasma proteins into the bloodstream: (albumin, fibrinogen, prothrombin, lipoproteins, etc. ) 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER PORTA HEPATIS PORTAL TRIAD 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER Classical Liver Lobule - basic functional unit of liver 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS - central vein at LIVER center - hexagonal in shape - portal triad at corners - portal triad at center - triangular in shape - central vein at corners CLASSIC LOBULE 12/4/2020 PORTAL LOBULE - short axis: branches of portal triad between 2 classic - lobules long axis: between 2 central veins LIVER ACINUS

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER 1 HEPATOCYTES 2 SINUSOIDS 3 SPACE OF DISSE 4 BILE CANALICULI 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER 1 HEPATOCYTES 2 SINUSOIDS 3 SPACE OF DISSE - perisinusoidal space between basal surfaces of the endothelial cells and the surfaces of the hepatocytes 4 BILE CANALICULI - small canal beginning the biliary tree formed by apposed grooves in adjacent hepatocytes 12/4/2020

LIVER 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER 12/4/2020

LIVER H&E BD HA PV 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER BILE DUCTS - lined with simple cuboidal epithelium 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER 1 HEPATOCYTES 2 SINUSOIDS 12/4/2020 LIVER H&E

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER RETICULAR FIBER MESHWORK 12/4/2020 LIVER

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER RETICULAR FIBER MESHWORK KUPFFER CELLS - phagocytic cell, liver macrophage 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER H&E KUPFFER CELLS CV 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER H&E LIVER SITE OF HEMOPOEISIS DURING EARLY GESTATION 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS LIVER H&E LIVER SITE OF HEMOPOEISIS DURING EARLY GESTATION 12/4/2020

12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS GALLBLADDER - LOCATION FOR CONCENTRATION AND STORAGE OF BILE ROUTE OF BILE HEPATOCYTE BILE CANALICULI RT & LT HEPATIC DUCTS COMMON BILE DUCT FILLING OF GALLBLADDER 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS GALLBLADDER THREE LAYERS: 1) MUCOSA - lined with tall columnar epithelium and underlying basal lamina & lamina propria - mucosa highly folded and irregular - NO MUSCULARIS MUCOSA OR SUBMUCOSA - 2) MUSCULARIS EXTERNA - layers of smooth muscle with irregular orientation 3) ADVENTITIA or SEROSA 12/4/2020

ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS GALLBLADDER EPITHELIUM: - tall columnar epithelium and underlying basal lamina & lamina propria - basally located nuclei - fine microvilli border 12/4/2020