HIP DISLOCATION Dr Niyaz Posterior Dislocation More common

HIP DISLOCATION Dr. Niyaz

Posterior Dislocation • More common than anterior • RTA , fall from height

Mechanism of injury • Someone seated in a car without fastening seatbelt……in an event of a crash , ……………. . the knee joint strikes the dashboard, …… hip flexes and adducts and ………………dislocates with or without fracture of acetabulum

Attitude • • Flexed Adducted Shortened Internal rotated

Associated injuries • • Fracture of acetabulum Fracture head or neck of femur Shaft of femur Fracture patella or around knee

investigations • Xray pelvis with both hips • CT scan • USG pelvis and abdomen

treatment • Emergency closed / open reduction

complications Early • Sciatic nerve injury • Vascular injury • Femoral shaft fractures

Complications- late • • Avascular necrosis Myositis ossificans Unreduced dislocation osteoarthritis

Anterior dislocation • Rare compared to posterior • Occurs when weight falls on the back of a miner or building labourer • RTA / air crash

Anterior dislocation

Clinical feature • Leg lies abducted, flexed and externally rotated • Femoral head is palpated anteriorly • Two types: -superior type and inferior type

investigation • Xray- ap and lateral view • If any doubt – CT scan

treatment • Longitudinal traction with gradual flexion • Assistant applies lateral pressure to the medial thigh

Central dislocation • Caused by a fall on the side or a blow over the greater trochanter • Causes fracture of acetabular floor

Central dislocation

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