Highway Traffic Engineering Details of Syllabus 1 2

Highway Traffic Engineering

Details of Syllabus 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Introduction to Traffic and Transportation Engineering Speed Studies. Volume Studies Highway Capacity and Level of Service (LOS). Traffic Control Devices n Traffic Markings n Traffic Signals. Parking Studies. Traffic Accident Studies

References 1. Roger P. Roess, et el “Traffic Engineering”, Third Edition, Pearson Education International, 2004 2. Pignataro, L. J. , “Traffic Engineering – Theory and Practice ”, Prentice Hall, Inc, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1973. U. S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration “Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices” part 4, Highway Traffic Signals, 2003 Edition. Volume Studies 4. Institute of Traffic Engineers (ITE) “Transportation and Traffic Engineering Handbook”, Prentice-Hall, INC. , Englewood Cliffs. New Jersey, 1976. Traffic Control Devices 5. Transportation Research Board “Highway Capacity Manual”, National Research Council, Washington. D. C. 2000. 6. L. R. Kadiyali “Traffic Engineering and Transport Planning”, fifth edition, Khanna Publishers, 1996.

References 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Salter, R. J. , “ Highway Traffic Analysis and Design”, Macmillan publisher, second edition text book, 1990. Whole M. and Martin B. V. , “ Traffic System Analysis for Engineers and Planners “ 1967. Hobbs, F. D. , “ Traffic Planing and Engineering “ second edition, 1979. Mannering, F. L. and Kilareski W. P. , “ Principles of Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis” , 1990. Drew, D. R. , “ Traffic Flow Theory and Control” Mc. Graw Hill Book Company, 1968. Matson T. M. et el. “Traffic Engineering” , Mc. Graw Hill Book Company, 1955.

Introduction Transportation Engineering 1. Highways 2. Railways 3. Airports 4. Decks & Harbors 5. Waterways

6. Pipe Lines 7. Bridges 8. Tunnels 9. Belts

Highways 1. Transportation Planning 2. Alignment Design 3. Geometric Design 4. Highway Materials 5. Pavement Design (Structural Design)

6. Construction 7. Traffic Engineering 8. Maintenance

Highway Traffic Engineering n n Population growth and distribution are significant factors in the development of transportation demand the systems that are provided to meet these demands. Motor vehicles have made sweeping changes in transportation Increased speed Increased facility need

Definition ITE (Institute of Transportation Engineers) Traffic Engineering: Is that phase of engineering which deals with the planning, geometric design and traffic operations of roads, streets and highways, their networks, terminals, abutting lands and relationships with other modes of transportation for the achievement of safe, efficient and convenient movement of persons and goods.

FHWA(Federal Highway Administration) Traffic Engineering: The field of engineering that involves planning, geometric design, and traffic operations of roads, streets, and highways. It includes their networks, terminals, abutting land, and relationships with other modes of transportation for safe, efficient, and convenient movement of persons and goods.

n n Traffic engineering: Is a term that is associated with the planning, monitoring, geometric design and traffic operations of roads, streets, motorways, their networks and their relationships with other modes of transportation for the safe, efficient and convenient movement of people and goods. The determination of the required capacity and layout of highway and street facilities that can safely and economically serve vehicular movement between given points.

n n Traffic engineering deals with problems which are not only dependent on physical features but very often include the human behavior of the driver and the pedestrian and their interrelationships with the complexity of the environment. Three E's Engineering n Education n Enforcement n n ** What the traffic engineer fails to do affect very large number of people, whether they are road users or not.

Elements of Traffic Engineering 1. The road user 2. The vehicle 3. The roadway & environmental conditions

The road user 1. The driver 2. The pedestrian

The Road User Behavior The characteristics of human related to traffic engineering: 1. Vision i- Field of vision ii- Peripheral vision iii- Depth of perception vi- Glare vision v- Color vision 2. Response time (PIEV) 3. Hearing 4. Strength

The Vehicle The vehicular characteristics essential in traffic engineering are: 1. Width of vehicle 2. Length of vehicle 3. Height of vehicle 4. Weight of vehicle

The Roadway and Environmental Conditions

Organization of the Traffic Engineering Department In USA, the pace – setter in traffic engineering, the federal Department of Transportation contains a number of organizations dealing exclusively with highway safety and urban transportation. At the state level, a separate traffic engineering unit exists In U. K. , the Department of the Environment has on its staff traffic engineering specialists. Traffic engineering units exist at the country level.

The need for a separate Traffic Engineering Unit in the City Administration set-up is paramount. As early as 1946, the President's Highway Safety Conference on Engineering in USA recommends that: In cities having more than 100, 000 population, a traffic engineering unit must be established comparable in authority and influence to other major divisions. In cities between 50, 000 and 100, 000 population, at least a full-time traffic engineer be appointed vested with sufficient authority to adopt appropriate engineering measures for traffic operations and safety. In cities having less than 50, 000 population, an engineer (preferably the director of the department of public works or the city engineer or some member of his staff) could be appointed with sufficient qualifications and experience necessary to perform the functions of traffic engineering.

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