Highway Africa 2001 Making Maps Integrative Technology for

Highway Africa 2001 Making Maps: Integrative Technology for Quality Journalism J. T. Johnson Professor and Co-director Institute for Analytic Journalism College of Communication - Boston University tom@jtjohnson. com 1

Objectives § Quick introduction to GIS (Geographical § § Information Systems/Science) -- definitions and concepts GIS = a tool for all aspects of publishing and broadcasting § News/editorial -- circulation -- advertising -marketing -- production Whet appetite for the types of stories better understood and communicated by GIS Trigger some ideas on how to make current stories better Show that all this is knowable, possible and affordable Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 2

Key points § GIS as important as telecommunications, word processing, spreadsheets and data bases to Digital Age journalists § GIS is not about making maps, per se. § It is about analyzing often large sets of data to generate information – hypotheses, conclusions, insights, new hunches – about widely varied socio -economic phenomena. § Maps are one unique aspect/artifact of the methodology. But not the end product: knowledge and insight are. Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 3

Key points § GIS is about being better – more insightful – journalists (Journos good at description, not analysis. GIS will make us better analysts and often supply readers with a better description of event or phenomena. ) § GIS is about literally showing our readers stories in ways they can quickly grasp. Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 4

Key points § GIS is a rich challenging tool that should be employed throughout the media organization. As such, promotes shared learning and insights. § A terrific “I didn’t know that!” device for managers, journos and readers Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 5

What is needed for GIS? § Hardware § GIS Software §Database with geocodes § User skills Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 6

What is GIS- Layers concept illustrated Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 7

Quick Power of Maps-Table Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 8

Quick Power of Maps 2000 1997 Source: http: //www 3. sn. apc. org/africa/afrmain. htm African Internet Connection Speeds Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 9

Quick Power of Maps-Same Data ANGOLA 12. 09 3023 1684 Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 4000 82 5 4 192 10

Quick Power of Maps: Same Data/Bar Chart Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 11

Quick Power of Maps- Same Data Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 12

Portland, Oregon Crime Mapping Home page http: //www. portlandpolicebureau. com/crimemapper. html Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 13

Portland, Oregon Crime mapping Note how database produces graph and map. This Portland, Oregon site at http: //www. portlandpolicebureau. c om/crimemapper. html Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 14

Crime Mapping in South Africa § South African Crime Mapping and GIS Resources http: //www. crimeresearch. org. za/crimemap. html Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 15

GIS in all departments: Advertising ADVERTISING Sales? - No. of potential advertisers - # of non-advertisers - Income of town - Age of population Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 16

GIS in all departments: Circulation? - # of copies per district - # of dealers per route - Penetration - Time of delivery Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 17

Route mapping-Delivery. Route z. Route Mapping Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 18

Newspaper Route Mapping Resources § http: //www. esri. com/software/arclogistics/index. html § ESRI Routing bibliography http: //www. esri. com/software/arclogistics/whats new. html § Real. Audio clips describing Arc. Logistics Route http: //gis. esri. com/esriclips/clip. cfm? Clip. ID=57 http: //gis. esri. com/esriclips/clip. cfm? Clip. ID=55 § Fleet mgmt. and tracking http: //www. gisvisionmag. com/software_reviews/fleet. pdf Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 19

GIS in all departments: Production? - Prod. employees homes - Toxic waste sites - Copies of varied editions or products Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 20

How Production can use GIS § Press status? § Repair reports § Equipment maintenance schedule § Facilities management § Clickable Campus #1 Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 21

GIS in all departments: Back. Office Back office? - Employee homes - Accounts due - Travel time to work - Health-care facilities Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 22

Backoffice – Facilities Mgmt. § Clickable Campus #1 http: //www. sfsu. edu/clickmap/sfsumap. htm § Designing work space § Allocating office space § Tracking office equipment § Building Maintenance Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 23

Personnel § Mapping employees residence § Who is available to covering breaking story? § Sharing transportation: § “Suggested” co-op transit § “Ride sharing” § Adjusting work schedules to avoid traffic congestion Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 24

GIS in Editorial -Demographics - Crime - Housing - Businesses - Voting patterns/places - Education - Campaign Contributions - Public Health - Taxation - Church membership - Environment - Traffic - Urban sprawl - Political negotiations (e. g. India and Pakistan, Ecuador and Peru, Guatemala and Belize, Russia and Japan, Britain and Argentina) - Robin sightings Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 25

How Editors Use GIS § Fresno [California] Bee Methamphetamine lab story http: //www. valleymeth. com/graphics/superlabs. html § Philadelphia Inquirer’s daily commuter patterns § San Jose Mercury News projected mud slides, building permits § Charlotte Observer: “Deciding Desegregation” http: //www. charlotte. com/observer/special/deseg/docs/0110 about. htm Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 26

Philly. Ngbh 1 Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 27

Philly. Ngbh 2 Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 28

Philly. Ngbh 3 Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 29

Philly. Ngbh 4 Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 30

How Editors Use GIS § Fresno [California] lab story Bee Methamphetamine http: //www. valleymeth. com/graphics/superlabs. html § Philadelphia Inquirer’s daily commuter patterns http: //www. smartraveler. com/scripts/phlmap. asp? city=phl&cityn ame=Philadelphia § Charlotte Observer: “Deciding Desegregation” http: //www. charlotte. com/observer/special/deseg/docs/0110 about. htm Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 31

How reporters use GIS § Census analysis/story telling § USAToday http: //www. usatoday. com/news/census/index. htm § Weather § Hurricane Andrew § Crime mapping § Crime Mapping Research Center http: //www. ojp. usdoj. gov/cmrc/ § Crime mapping tutorial http: //www. gis. heinz. cmu. edu/gistutorial/ § Economics, education, urban development, taxation, voting patterns, environment, traffic Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 32

USAToday Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 33

USAToday Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 34

USA Today Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 35

USA Today Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 36

How reporters use GIS § Census analysis/story telling § USAToday http: //www. usatoday. com/news/census/index. htm § Crime mapping § Crime Mapping Research Center http: //www. ojp. usdoj. gov/cmrc/ § Crime mapping tutorial http: //www. gis. heinz. cmu. edu/gistutorial/ Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 37

Weather-Hurricane Andrew Weather Hurricane Andrew Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 38

Orange County, California Bus Study Orange County, California Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt Bus Study 39

3 DTaxi. Crime. Map. View 1 3 D view of Taxi Crime Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 40

3 DTaxi. Crime. Map. View 2 Rotated 3 D view of Taxi Crime Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 41

3 DTaxi. Crime. Graph Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 42

How reporters use GIS § Census analysis/story telling § USAToday http: //www. usatoday. com/news/census/index. htm § Weather § Hurricane Andrew § Crime mapping § Crime Mapping Research Center http: //www. ojp. usdoj. gov/cmrc/ § Crime mapping tutorial http: //www. gis. heinz. cmu. edu/gistutorial/ § Economics, education, urban development, taxation, voting patterns, environment, traffic Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 43

Animated mapping § Maps and images that can be controlled, on the WWW, but the user. § Emphasis is on layering § Note, the graphics are tied, in a fundamental way, to the database. Any map is only as good as the database used to create it. § Manhattan Timeformations: http: //www. skyscraper. org/timeformations/animation. html Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 44

Concept Mapping § Intellectual – or conceptual space -- geography § How are ideas related? § How are people or places with or tied to ideas/concepts related? § Where is cyberspace? How to map it? § Atlas of Cyberspace § Web Mapping http: //www. cybergeography. org/atlas/web_sites. html § Mapping how people use a web site http: //mappa. mundi. net/maps_022/ § Show me the Power Players in a society? http: //theyrule. orgo. org/ Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 45

Web site content map Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 46

Fry’s Web site map Ben Fry's anemone visualization of website usage Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 47

Mapping cyberspace VR visualisation of Web traffic Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 48

http: //theyrule. orgo. org/ Power. Players 1 Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 49

Power. Players 2 Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 50

Power. Players 3 Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 51

Dynamic Event Mapping § Code-Red (CRv 2) worm virus (19 July 2001) http: //caida. packet-pushers. com/newframes-small-log. gif Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 52

Major Points About GIS § The hammer and chisel are not the cabinet. (e. g. “The tool is not the product. ”) § Skillful use of the tool can be applied to many different. Advertising products with same data but Production different objectives § Skillful use of the tool can be applied to many different products with same data and the same objectives. Ergo… §It’s in the interest of all in organization to cooperate in GIS §Focus Circulation on the infinitive to transact, not. Editorial the noun of product Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 53

Major trends in JAGIS (Journalism And GIS) § Transparency § Easy access to data of all sorts § Data-based decision making § Vital to informed government, business, culture § Dynamic mapping § Data/information when and where we want it § Concept mapping § Reflects pervasive interlocking relationships between people, between ideas, linking decisions to data § Geo-location § Real time, wireless location of people, events, resources § Cyber-geography http: //www. cybergeography. org/geography_of_cyberspace. html Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 54

Conclusion: Why journos need to know about GIS? § It can make us better journalists and improves civic contribution. (Philadelphia data) § Makes the invisible § Literally shows the story to our readers § Helps readers connect with us and vice versa § It can make all aspects of our business run more efficiently, profitably § Government and business are using GIS. Ergo, we need to at least know enough about how it works to ask informed questions. And if government is not using it, then we should find out why. Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 55

Journalism is… “The central purpose of journalism is to provide citizens with accurate and reliable information they need to function in a free society. '‘ Bill Kovach, curator Nieman Foundation Harvard University Highway. Africa 2001 — Sept. 2001© J. T. Johnson 2001 http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001. ppt 56

Highway Africa 2001 Related bibliography found at http: //mmcom. bu. edu/tjohnson/Public/IAJ/Presentations/HA 2001 biblio. doc Making Maps: Integrative Technology for Quality Journalism J. T. Johnson Professor and Co-director Institute for Analytic Journalism College of Communication - Boston University tom@jtjohnson. com 57