Hey where have you guys been When you

Hey, where have you guys been? When you come into class grab a shout paper and open up your Unit 3 syllabus To Do List - What did I miss? - Test Grades and Make-Up - Notecards - My Website Objective: Analyze the basic structure of the constitution

The Principles of the United States Constitution

Structure of the Constitution • Preamble: Statement of purpose • Articles: • I: Legislative Branch • II: Executive Branch • III: Judicial Branch • IV-VII • Amendments: additions or changes the Const. , 27 total • 1 st ten are the Bill of Rights

Barney Fife and the Preamble

I. The Preamble ¨ Write parts of the Preamble in your own words: We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. 5

Which goal of the Preamble? ¨ Read the newspaper headlines and determine which goal of our government, listed in the Preamble, is being met. ¨ Ex. “North Carolina Governor Beverly Purdue Opens 3 New Homeless Shelters” ¨ Goal from the Preamble: promote the general welfare

1. “Army Recruits 20, 000 Into Armed Forces this Month” 2. “Police Stop Protesters Disrupting Traffic in Charlotte” 3. “President Obama Promises $3 Million for AIDS Treatment” 4. “Government Provides Food Stamps for Families in Need” 5. “Troops in Afghanistan Search for Terrorists” 6. “North Carolina General Assembly Approves $2 Million to Help Homeless” 7. “Maryland National Guard Provides Relief to Flood Victims” 8. “Government Opens Clinics for Families in Need of Health Care” 9. “President Obama Orders Troops to Stop Riots in Raleigh” 10. “Judge Orders School System to Pay $10, 000 to Students who suffered from Asbestos”

Important Beliefs Popular Sovereignty Limited Government Federalism Separation of Powers Checks and Balances Judicial Review Rule of Law Principles in the Constitution We can vote, run for office, elect officials People have the right to govern themselves Government power is restricted by law Division of power between national government and state government Magna Carta Federal State Local Power is divided between 3 branches of national government Executive Legislativ e Each branch of government checks the other to make sure that none has too much power Supreme Court can say if law or action by any other branch goes against Constitution The law applies to everyone, even those who govern Government officials have to obey laws too – Clinton! Judicial Review Judicial veto Pass bill

Amendments ¨ Constitution can be changed to reflect the view of the people ¨ This is called amending the Constitution ¨ 2 ways – Proposed by Congress/Ratified by 3/4 th of states – Proposed by 2/3 rd state legislatures/Ratified by 3/4 th of state

Welcome Back! Grab a ½ Principles of the constitution review and begin completing on your own! To Do List - Test reminders - Grade updates - Current events Objective: Analyze the different powers given to the Federal and State Government

Powers ¨ Enumerated/Expressed Powers: Powers that are given to the Federal Government that are specifically stated ¨ Delegated Powers: Powers given to the Fed. Gov. ¨ Implied Powers: Powers given to the Federal Gov. but not expressly given in the constitution ¨ Reserved Powers: Powers given to the States

Powers ¨ Concurrent Powers: Powers held by both the States and the Federal Government ¨ Elastic Clause (art. 1): Congress can make laws that are necessary and proper to run the government – Implied Powers

Nation’s Obligations to the States 1. Guarantee of a republican form of government v Constitution does not define v Republic – government by the people thru elected officials

Nation’s Obligations to the States 2. Protection against invasion and Domestic violence v An attack on one, met as an attack on all (50 states) v Use of federal force to restore peace in states is rare Riots Detroit (1967) Little Rock (1957)

Respect for Territorial Integrity 3. National government must recognize legal existence and physical boundaries of each state v States boundaries cannot change without its consent v Michigan Upper Penn.

Admitting new states 1. Admission procedure v Enabling Act –congress directs state to write constitution v Act of Admission – if congress accepts constitution 2. Conditions of admission v all states enter on equal footing with other states

Cooperative Federalism 1. Federal grants-in-aid v Categorical and conditional v Money given with a lot of v 2. v 3. v strings attached Blurs division of powers Block grants To state & local governments w/ fewer strings attached Revenue sharing No strings attached

Fiscal Federalism ¨ Using federal $ to force states to abide by federal policy – Drinking age – Schools

Issue Relate to Federalism Medical Marijuana Federal Law v State Law Schools Auto Emissions Drinking Age Ladder of Laws üU. S. Constitution Federal uses money to force states to comply with federal standards States may establish higher standards than Federal Government. Federal government works w/ states. Federal Government uses Highway Money to force states to have a 21 year old drinking age; South Dakota V. Dole 1987 üU. S. Laws & Treaties üState Constitutions üState Laws (statutes) üLocal Laws (ordinances)

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DO-NOW ¨ Add to your Table of Contents: – Bill of Rights Chart ¨ Do-Now: Why was the Bill of Rights added to the Constitution? What did it do? – Ex. The Bill of Rights was created because… Amend. # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Says… Memory Trick Picture

Roman Numerals I– 1 V-5 X-10 L- 50 C- 100 D- 500 M-1000

Roman Numerals ¨ A smaller number in front of a larger number means you subtract the smaller then the larger – 4 - IV (5 -1) ¨ A larger number in front of a smaller number means you add the numbers together – 7 - VII (5+1+1)

Amendment 1 ¨ SAYS: Freedom of Religion, Assembly (to gather), Press, Petition (protest), Speech ¨ Memory Trick: RAPPS

Amendment 2 ¨ Right to Bear Arms (carry a weapon) ¨ Memory Trick: 2 -finger gun

Amendment 3 ¨ No Quartering of Troops (we don’t have to let soldiers live with us) ¨ Memory Trick: Read between the lines and get out of my house

Amendment 4 ¨ No Unreasonable Search and Seizure ¨ Memory Trick: Four fingers to knock on the door

Amendment 5 ¨ RIGHTS OF THE ACCUSED ¨ Memory Trick: DIEDS • Due Process: treated fairly in trial • Indictment by a Grand Jury: group of people decide whether or not there’s enough evidence to accuse (indict) you • Eminent Domain: gov. must pay you for any property they take away • Double Jeopardy: can’t go to court for the same crime twice • Self-Incrimination: don’t have to be a witness at your own trial

Amendment 6 ¨ Rights in criminal cases (to people who commit crimes) – Ex. Right to a lawyer…speedy trial ¨ Memory trick: 6 finger, criminal thumbprint

Amendment 7 ¨ Rights in civil cases (fights between people, not crimes) ¨ Memory trick: 7 fingers, V for ci. Vil trial ¨ Based on: N/A

Civil Cases

Amendment 8 ¨ No Cruel and Unusual Punishment ¨ Memory trick: Crazy eight

Amendment 9 ¨ People keep all other rights ¨ Memory trick: Nine is mine

Amendment 10 ¨ States’ rights ¨ Memory trick: Ten is theirs

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