Hesiod Theogony 886 ff Zeus as king of

Hesiod, Theogony 886 ff : "Zeus, as king of the gods, took as his first wife Metis, and she knew more than all the gods or mortal people. But when she was about to be delivered of the goddess, gray-eyed Athene, then Zeus, deceiving her perception by treachery and by slippery speeches, put her away inside his own belly. This was by the advices of Gaia (Earth) and starry Ouranos (Sky), for so they counselled, in order that no other everlasting god, beside Zeus, should ever be given kingly position. For it had been arranged that, from her, children surpassing in wisdom should be born, first the gray-eyed girl, the Tritogeneia Athene. . . but then a son to be king over gods and mortals was to be born to her and his heart would be overmastering; but before this, Zeus put her away inside his own belly so that this goddess should think for him, for good and for evil". Lombardo Antonio, The Birth of Athena at the Forge of Vulcan, 1508 -11, Marble, The Hermitage, St. Petersburg

Hesiod, Theogony 901 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C 8 th or C 7 th B. C. ) : "Next [after Metis] he [Zeus] led away (married? ) bright Themis (Divine Law) who bare the Horai (Seasons), and Eunomia (Order), Dike (Justice), and blooming (thallô) Eirene (Peace), who mind the works of mortal men, and the Moirai (Fates) to whom wise Zeus gave the greatest honour, Klotho, and Lakhesis, and Atropos who give mortal men evil and good to have. " Pindar, Olympian Ode 9. 15 ff (trans. Conway) (Greek lyric C 5 th B. C. ) : "Themis (Divine Law) and her noble daughter, Eunomia (Good Order) the preserver. " Pindar, Olympian Ode 13. 6 ff : "Eunomia (Good Order) and that unsullied fountain Dike (Justice), her sister, sure support of cities; and Eirene (Peace) of the same kin, who are the stewards of wealth for mankind--three glorious daughters of wisecounselled (euboulos) Themis. " Pindar, Fragment 30 (trans. Sandys) : "First did the Moirai (Fates) in their golden chariot bring heavenly Themis, wise in counsel, by a gleaming pathway from the springs of Okeanos to the sacred stair of Olympos, there to be the primal bride of Zeus Soter (Saviour). And she bare him the Horai (Seasons) with golden fillet and gleaming fruit, the Horai that are ever true. " Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 1. 13 (trans. Aldrich) (Greek mythographer C 2 nd A. D. ) : "With Themis, the daughter of Ouranos (Sky), he [Zeus] fathered his daughters the Horai (Seasons), by name Eirene (Peace), Eunomia (Good Order), and Dike (Justice); also the Moirai (Fates), called Klotho, Lakhesis, and Atropos. " Themis and Aegeus (detail) Attic red-figure kylix, 440– 430 BC. From Vulci. Altes Museum , Berlin

( אחרי מתיס ותמיס תינה זאוס אהבים עם נימפת הים אאורינומה והפך אביהן של שלוש הכאריטות )הגרציות Hesiod, Theogony 907 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C 8 th or C 7 th B. C. ) : "And [after Zeus had consorted with Metis and Themis] Eurynome, the daughter of Okeanos, beautiful in form, bare him [Zeus] three fair-cheeked Kharites (Graces), Aglaia, and Euphrosyne, and lovely Thaleia, from whose eyes as they glanced flowed love that unnerves the limbs : and beautiful is their glance beneath their brows". The Three Graces, 3 rd Century AD : Euphrosyne, Aglaea and Thalia symbolizing beauty, grace and wisdom (the daughters of Zeus and Eurynome), Bardo Museum Tunis

עם דמטר הוליד זאוס את פרספונה שעתידה להיות מלכת השאול Hesiod, Theogony 912 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C 8 th or 7 th B. C. ) : "Also he [Zeus] came to the bed of all-nourishing Demeter, and she bare white-armed Persephone whom Aidoneus carried off from her mother; but wise Zeus gave her to him". Homer, Iliad 14. 326 ff (trans. Lattimore) (Greek epic C 8 th B. C. ) : "[Zeus naming his finest loves: ] I loved the queen Demeter of the lovely tresses. " In the Orphic myths Demeter and Zeus were mated in the form of serpents. . Demeter, Goddess of the Harvest, with wheat and snakes Hellenic, terracota relief, third century B. C. Magna Graecia

VIANI, Domenico Maria, Jupiter Bids Ceres( Demeter) Farewell, c. 1701, Akademie der bildenden Künste, Vienna

עם אלת הזיכרון מנמוסינה הביא זאוס לעולם את תשע המוזות Hesiod, Theogony 915 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C 8 th or C 7 th B. C. ) : "And again, he [Zeus, after lying with Demeter] loved Mnemosyne with the beautiful hair: and of her the nine gold-crowned Moisai (Muses) were born". Hesiod, Theogony 53 ff: "Them [the Mousai] in Pieria did Mnemosyne, who reigns over the hills of Eleuther [in Pieria, near Mount Olympos], bear of union with the father, the son of Kronos [Zeus], a forgetting of ills and a rest from sorrow. For nine nights did wise Zeus lie with her, entering her holy bed remote from the immortals. And when a year was passed and the seasons came round as the months waned, and many days were accomplished, she bare nine daughters, all of one mind, whose hearts are set upon song and their spirit free from care, a little way from the topmost peak of snowy Olympos". Marco Liberi (1640– 1685) Jupiter and Mnemosyne

. עד שחשק בהרה אחותו , זאוס שכב כאוות נפשו עם אלות רבות . אלא שהרה לא התמסרה לו עד שנשא אותה לאשה Pausanias, Description of Greece 2. 17. 4 (trans. Jones ( )Greek travelogue C 2 nd A. D. ) : "The presence of a cuckoo seated on the sceptre [of Hera] they explain by the story that when Zeus was in love with Hera in her maidenhood he changed himself into this bird, and she caught it to be her pet [in order to seduce her]". Statius, Achilleid 1. 588 ff (trans. Mozley) (Roman epic C 1 st A. D. ) : "Beneath his mother Rhea’s rule the young prince of Olympus [Zeus] gave treacherous kisses to his sister [Hera]; he was still her brother and she thought no harm, until the reverence for their common blood gave way, and the sister feared a lover’s passion. ". Hera sits on a throne decorated with a cuckoo (? ) bird The goddess holds a cup in one hand a royal lotus-tipped . sceptre in the other Attic Red Figure, Lekythos, ca 500 - 475 BC Museum of Art, Rhode Island School of Design, New York

אילן : ונפלאה מכולן הייתה מתנתה של גאיה , כל האלים הביאו מתנות לזוג. הייתה זו החתונה הראשונה הייתה הרה למלכת האולימפוס ולאלה נכבדת , מתוקף היות זאוס שליט האולימפוס. שהצמיח תפוחים מזהב . " בן זוגה של הרה , שמשמעו "זאוס , "Zeus Heraios" אחד מכינויו של בעלה היה. ונערצת Aristophanes, Birds 1720 ff (trans. O'Neill ( )Greek comedy C 5 th to 4 th B. C. ) : "Let your nuptial hymns, your nuptial songs, greet him and his [wife]! 'Twas in the midst of such [wedding] festivities that the Moirai (Fates) formerly united Olympian Hera to the King [Zeus] who governs the gods from the summit of his inaccessible throne. Oh! Hymen! oh! Hymenaios! Rosy Eros with the golden wings held the reins and guided the chariot; 'twas he, who presided over the union of Zeus and the fortunate Hera. Oh! Hymen! oh! Hymenaios!" The wedding of Zeus and Hera. The bride is veiled, and standing behind her husband in the chariot. Three women carry wreaths to the newlyweds. Attic black figure tripod kothon, 570 -565 B. C Musée du Louvre, Paris Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 2. 113 (trans. Aldrich) (Greek mythographer C 2 nd A. D. ) : "Gaia (Earth) had given them [the golden apples and tree] to Zeus when he married Hera. An immortal serpent guarded them. . . With it the Hesperides themselves were posted as guards, by name Aigle, Erytheis, Hesperie, and Arethusa. "

Hesiod, Theogony 921 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C 8 th or C 7 th B. C. ) : "Lastly, he [Zeus] made Hera his blooming wife : and she was joined in love with the king of gods and men, and brought forth Hebe and Ares and Eileithyia. " ]N. B. Hesiod says "lastly" because the marriage of Hera followed after Zeus' seductions of the goddesses Metis, Themis, Eurynome, Demeter & Mnemosyne]. The wedding of Hera and Zeus on Mount Ida. Pompei, casa del Poeta Tragico. National Archaeological Museum, Naples.

Annibale Carracci, detail of Jupiter and Juno, 1597 -1604 , 'Galleria di Carracci', Palazzo Farnese, Rome

James Barry, Jupiter beguiled by Juno on Mount Ida, circa 1795, Graves Art Gallery, Sheffield City Centre, UK.

אלת , אל המלחמה ארס : הרה ילדה לזאוס ארבעה ילדים אל האש והנפחים הפייסטוס ואלת , הלידה איליתיה הרה הרתה וילדה את , לפי מספר גירסאות. הנעורים הבה . הפייסטוס בלא מגע של זאוס או של גבר אחר Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 1. 13 (trans. Aldrich) (Greek mythographer C 2 nd A. D. ) : "Zeus married Hera and fathered Hebe, Eileithyia, and Ares. " Hesiod, Theogony 921 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C 8 th or C 7 th B. C. ) : "Zeus gave birth from his own head to Tritogeneia [Athena]. . . Hera was very angry and quarrelled with her mate. And because of this strife she bare without union with Zeus who hold the aigis a glorious son, Hephaistos, who excelled all the sons of Heaven in crafts. " Gavin Hamilton (1723– 1798) Juno and Jupiter

Scultori Diana, Leto Giving Birth to Apollo and Diana on the Island of Delos, 1560 s, National Gallery of Art, Washington

William Henry Rinehart, Latona and Her Children, Apollo and Diana, 1874, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Hesiod, Theogony 918 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C 8 th or 7 th B. C. ) : "And Leto was joined in love with Zeus who holds the aegis, and bare Apollon and Artemis delighting in arrows, children lovely above all the sons of Heaven. " Ovid, Metamorphoses 6. 185 ff (trans. Melville) (Roman epic C 1 st B. C. to C 1 st A. D. ) : "That Titanis, whom Coeus sired, whoever he may be, Latona whom the great globe once refused the smallest spot to give her children birth. Not earth, nor sky, nor water would accept your goddess, outcast from the world, until Delos took pity on her wanderings and said, `You roam the land I the sea, homeless, ’ and gave her drifting refuge there. She bore two children". Ovid, Metamorphoses 6. 332 ff : "Her [Leto] whom once the Coniunx Regia (queen of heaven) [Hera] barred from the world, whom drifting Delos scarcely dared consent to harbour, when that island swam the sea. There, leaning on a palm, Pallas’ tree, Latona in spite of Juno [Hera] bore her twins; from there again she fled the wife of Jove [Zeus], hugging her new-born infants, both divine".

Theognis, Fragment 1. 5 (trans. Gerber, Vol. Greek Elegiac( ) Greek elegy C 6 th B. C: (. "Lord Phoibos [Apollon], when the august goddess Leto gave birth to you, fairest of the immortals, as she clasped the palm-tree with her slender arms beside the circular lake, all Delos was filled from end to end with an ambrosial aroma, the vast earth beamed, and the deep expanse of the whitecapped sea rejoiced". Franceschini Marcantonio, Leto Giving Birth to Apollo and Diana on the Island of Delos, 1692– 1709, Liechtenstein Museum

הרתה לזאוס , ( הבכירה היפה והביישנית שבפליאדות )שבע בנות אטלס ופלאיונה , מאיה אלת השדות . סיפור המעשה מגולל בהימנון ההומרי להרמס. במערה בקילנה וילדה את האל הרמס . אשר הפכה את אמו קליסטו לדובה , מאיה גידלה גם את התינוק ארקאס כדי להגן עליו מפני הרה Homeric Hymn 4 to Hermes 1 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C 7 th to 4 th B. C. ) : "Hermes, the son of Zeus and Maia. . . whom Maia bare, the rich-tressed (euplokamos) nymphe, when she was joined in love with Zeus, --a shy goddess, for she avoided the company of the blessed gods, and lived within a deep, shady cave. There the Son of Kronos used to lie with the rich-tressed nymphe, unseen by deathless gods and mortal men, at dead of night that sleep might hold white-armed Hera fast. And when the purpose of great Zeus was fulfilled, and the tenth moon with her was fixed in heaven, she was delivered and a notable thing was come to pass. For then she bare a son, of many shifts. . . " Hesiod, Theogony 938 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C 8 th or 7 th B. C. ) : "And Maia, the daughter of Atlas, bare to Zeus glorious Hermes, the herald of the deathless gods, for she went up into his holy bed. " Hermes with his mother Maia. Detail of the God council in Olympus side B of an Attic red-figure belly-amphora, ca. 500 BC. Staatliche Antikensammlungen, Munich

התמונה הקטנה הינה קישורית למצגת מפורטת על קליסטו François Boucher, Jupiter and Callisto, 1744, Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow

Jean-Baptiste Greuze, Aegina Visited by Jupiter, ca. 1767– 69, The Metropolitan Museum of Art.

LASTMAN, Pietersz. , Juno Discovering Jupiter with Io, 1618, National Gallery, London

• התמונה הקטנה הינה קישורית למצגת מפורטת על איו John Hoppner Jupiter and Io, 1785 Denver Art Museum, Colorado

Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 2. 26 & 34 (trans. Aldrich) (Greek mythographer C 2 nd A. D. ) : "To Akrisios and Eurydike, Lakedaimon’s daughter, was born a daughter Danae. . . While Akrisios was making oracular inquiry into the problem of fathering sons, the god informed him that a son born of his daughter would slay him. In fear Akrisios constructed a bronze chamber beneath the earth, where he kept Danae under guard. Now some say that Proitos [twin brother of Akrisios] seduced her, which led to the hard feelings between the brothers, but others say that Zeus had sex with her by changing himself into gold that streamed in through the ceiling and down into her womb. When Akrisios later learned that she had given birth to Perseus, not believing that Zeus seduced her, he cast his daughter out to sea with her son on an ark. The ark drifted ashore at Seriphos, where Diktys recovered the child and brought him up”. REMBRANDT Harmenszoon van Rijn, Danaë, 1636, The Hermitage, St. Petersburg

After Giulio Romano (formerly attributed to) After Perino del Vaga Jupiter & Alcmene, c. 1729 -1740, The British Museum

התמונה הקטנה הינה קישורית למצגת מפורטת על חטיפת אירופה CARRACCI, Antonio The Rape of Europa Pinacoteca Nazionale, Bologna

Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 3. 26 (trans. Aldrich) (Greek mythographer C 2 nd A. D. ) : "Zeus fell in love with Semele and slept with her, promising her anything she wanted, and keeping it all from Hera. But Semele was deceived by Hera into asking Zeus to come to her as he came to Hera during their courtship. So Zeus, unable to refuse her, arrived in her bridal chamber in a chariot with lightning flashes and thunder, and sent a thunderbolt at her. Semele died of fright, and Zeus grabbed from the fire her six-month aborted baby [Dionysos], which he sowed into his thigh". TINTORETTO, Jacopo, Jupiter and Semele, 1550

Plato, Republic 381 d (trans. Shorey) (Greek philosopher C 4 th B. C. ) : "[From Plato's critique of the portrayal of gods by the poets : ] No poet then my good friend, must be allowed. . . in any tragedy or in other poems bring in Hera disguised as a priestess collecting alms ‘for the lifegiving children of Inakhos, the Argive stream. ’ [Quoting the lost Xantriae of Aeschylus. ]" [N. B. The children of Inakhos are the Naiades. In the play Hera disguises herself as a priestess to trick Semele into asking Zeus to appear before her in his full glory. ] Jean-Baptiste Deshays de Colleville, Juno and Semele

RUBENS, Peter Paul, Jupiter & Semele , 1637

Pietro della Vecchia, Jupiter And Semele, 17 th century

After Michiel Coxie I After Marcantonio (School of) Print made by Virgil Solis Jupiter and Semele, 1530 -1562 British Musuem, London

Jupiter and Semele, detail of a Plate from a service made for Isabella d’Este by Nicola da Urbino, c 1524.

Paolo Antonio Pagani, Jupiter and Semele, 17 th century Sebastiano Ricci, Jupiter and Semele

While Semele gives birth, Zeus, with the lightning flash which will kill Semele, and his wife Hera, float in the clouds Giulio Romano, and workshop, The Birth of Bacchus, c. 1530 s, J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles

GIULIO ROMANO, The Birth of Bacchus, c. 1533, J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles

Pseudo-Hyginus, Fabulae 77 (trans. Grant) (Roman mythographer C 2 nd A. D. ) : "Jupiter [Zeus], changed into a swan, had intercourse with Leda near the river Eurotas, and from that embrace she bore Pollux [Polydeukes] and Helen; to Tyndareus she bore Castor and Clytemnestra. " MICHELANGELO Buonarroti, Leda and the Swan, 1535 -60, National Gallery, London

התמונה הקטנה הינה קישורית למצגת מפורטת על לדה והברבור PONTORMO, Jacopo Leda and the Swan, 1512 -13 Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

Homeric Hymn 5 to Aphrodite 203 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek epic C 7 th - 4 th B. C. ) : "Verily wise Zeus carried off goldenhaired Ganymedes because of his beauty, to be amongst the Deathless Ones and pour drink for the gods in the house of Zeus--a wonder to see--, honoured by all the immortals as he draws the red nectar from the golden bowl. . . deathless and unageing, even as the gods. " Rubens Pieter Pauwel, The Abduction of Ganymede , 1611 -12, Schwarzenberg Palace, Vienna

Theognis, Fragment 1. 1345 (trans. Gerber, Vol. Greek Elegiac) (Greek elegy C 6 th B. C. ) : "There is some pleasure in loving a youth, since once in fact even [Zeus] the son of Kronos, king of the immortals, fell in love with Ganymedes, seized him, carried him off to Olympos, and made him divine, keeping the lovely bloom of boyhood. " התמונה הקטנה הינה קישורית למצגת מפורטת על גנימד MICHELANGELO Buonarroti The Rape of Ganymede, 1550 s Fogg Art Museum, Cambridge

: מקורות http: //www. artcyclopedia. com/Jupiter http//: www. mlahanas. de//Zeus. Gallery http//: en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Zeus http//: commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/Zeus http: //www. maicar. com/GML/Zeus. html המיתולוגיה היוונית / אהרן שבתאי אסף פלר : עריכה RAFFAELLO Sanzio Cupid Pleads with Jupiter for Psyche, 1517 -18 Fresco, Villa Farnesina, Rome