HEREs TO ALCOHOL THe cause of and solution

HERE’s TO ALCOHOL: THe cause of, and solution to all of life’s problems -Homer simpson

OVERVIEW • People drink to socialize, celebrate, relax • Strong effect on people • We’ve struggled to understand & manage the power of alcohol: * Why does it cause people to act & feel differently? * How much is too much? * Why do some people become addicted?

HISTORY • Has been around & used for centuries- social, medical, cultural, religious settings • Middle Ages- beer drunk by whole family • 16 th century used primarily for medicinal purposes • By 18 th century British parliament passed a law to encourage grain to be used for distilled spirits • 19 th century promotion of moderate use which led to prohibition • That ban was lifted in 1933 due to illegal trade boom

TODAY’S FACTS • Laws vary- no alcohol sold in some Middle East & Asian countries; purchase or consume ages 18 -21 in most countries • 15 million Americans suffer from alcoholism • 80, 000 deaths attributed to alcohol each year • 40% of all car accident deaths in the US involve alcohol • Legal limit for driving is. 08% BAC; under 21 - 0%

UNDER 21 FACTS • IT IS ILLEGAL!!! • Contributes to more than 4700 deaths each year • 2 in 3 high school students that drink do so to intoxication • #1 cause of death among teens- car accidents- around 30% of those involve alcohol

KEY TERMS • Ethanol- type of alcohol in drinks- powerful & addictive • Fermentation- chemical process- uses fruits, vegetables mixed with ethanol • Depressant- drug that slows the nervous system- affects motor skills, impairs judgment • Intoxication- body is poisoned by alcoholphysical/mental control reduced- varies person to person

• Binge drinking- 4+drinks for girls, 5+ drinks for guys in a night • Alcohol poisoning- severe & possible deadly overdose of alcohol- breathing can stop, choke on vomit • BAC- Blood Alcohol Concentration- the amount of alcohol in person’s blood- %. 08% in PA, intoxication can begin at. 02

It’s ALL the Same! A standard drink contains. 6 fl. Oz/ 1. 2 Tablespoons of pure alcohol

SHORT-TERM EFFECTS ON THE BODY • Dulls memory, reactions, concentration, coordination • Lowers inhibitions- poor judgments • Slurred speech, blurred vision • Irritates stomach lining • Altered emotions • Drowsiness

INFLUENCES of SHORT TERM EFFECTS * Body size & gender * Food intake * Amount & rate of alcohol intake- liver can only break down 1 drink per hour

BAC CHARTS

LONG TERM EFFECTS • Reduces brain tissue & destroys cells Can cause brain damage • Heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure • Kidney failure • Kills liver cells, causes cirrhosis (build up of scar tissue- lead to liver failure) • Addiction/alcoholism • Death

THE PATH OF ALCOHOL THROUGH THE BODY 1. Mouth: alcohol enters the body. 2. Stomach: some alcohol gets into the bloodstream in the stomach, but most goes on to the small intestine. 3. Small Intestine: alcohol enters the bloodstream through the walls of the small intestine. 4. Heart: pumps alcohol throughout the body. 5. Brain: alcohol reaches the brain. 6. Liver: alcohol is oxidized by the liver at a rate of about 0. 5 oz per hour.

REASONS PEOPLE DRINK ADULTS • • • To relax Relieve stress Social Enjoy the taste Overcome shyness Forget problems TEENS • Peer pressure/ ”Everyone else is doing it” • To look cool/older • Curious • To get drunk • Forget problems

ADDICTION/ALCOHOLISM • Alcohol Abuse: Pattern of excessive drinking that leads to problems: • *Unfulfilled responsibilities, fighting, DUI • *Dangerous situations • *Relationship issues • Alcoholism -a disease in which the person has a physical &/or psychological dependence on alcohol • * Not limited to any age, race, ethnicity or social class

SYMPTOMS OF ALCOHOLISM • • Craving Loss of control Physical Dependence Tolerance Health, family, legal problems Violent, aggressive behaviors Quiet, withdrawn/drinking alone

STAGES OF ALCOHOLISM • 1 - ABUSE- Starts with social drinking, relax, then manage stress- drink regularlyblackouts & memory loss • 2 - DEPENDENCE- Cannot stop drinkingbecomes central focus- tries to hide the problem, makes excuses & blames others • 3 - ADDICTION- Most important thing in person's life, which is out of control- does not realize or acknowledge; liver damage is common

• https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=g 2 g. Vz. VI Bc_g