Henry VIII and the Church of England The

Henry VIII and the Church of England The History and Beliefs of the Church of England (Ireland)

King Henry VIII 1491 - 1547 Famous for having had six wives and for founding the Church of England Having disagreed with the Pope at the time he declared himself Head of the Church of England https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England

King Henry VIII’s Early Life ● Born son of King Henry VII (of the Tudors) and Elizabeth York, he was the second of four children. He had an older brother and two sisters ● At the age of three he was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland! ● He was raised by his parents to enter into church life ● However, his older brother, Arthur, had always been sickly. He died when Henry was 10 years old. This made Henry the next in line to be King of England ● Henry was tall and athletic, and good at music. He played tennis

Being King ● After the death of his brother, and before the death of his father, it was arranged he would marry Catherine of Aragon, his brother’s widow ● Henry’s ambition was to rule, also, as King of France. He entered into agreements with Catherine’s parents (Isabella and Ferdinand, Queen & King of Spain) and their successors e. g. Charles I, to go to war against France ● Henry inherited a lot of money from his father but spent most of his fortune on extravagant living (he held two week long parties) and his wars ● His wars were not particularly successful and he signed several peace treaties

Seeking a Successor ● Henry wanted a son to succeed him as King. Catherine’s first child, a girl, was stillborn and her son, Henry, died aged 7 weeks. The only child that survived infancy was Mary (who later became Queen) ● As Catherine (pictured) was older than him, Henry wanted to annul his marriage to her (i. e. declare that the marriage was never valid) https: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: Catherine_aragon. jpg ● Pope Clement VII refused to do this on the grounds that his predecessor had agreed to the marriage ● Although King Henry had been a devout Roman Catholic in his younger years he was now in disagreement with the church

Henry VIII’s unhappiness and wives ● Anne Boleyn (pictured) didn’t bear a son and was accused of adultery ● She was convicted (possibly falsely) and was execulted in 1536 https: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/File: Anneboleyn 2. jpg ● The day after her execution Henry VIII got engaged to Jane Seymour and got married 10 days later ● The following year she gave birth to a son, Edward (who would become King). However, she died 12 days later from complications after the birth ● A Succession Act (the second in Henry’s time) declared Seymour’s children to be heirs ● He then married Ann Cleves. However, soon after they agreed to an annulment.

King Henry VIII - Head of the Church of England ● In 1534, the year after he married Anne Boleyn, Henry VIII declared himself Head of the Church of England, through the Act of Supremacy ● Henry was excommunicated by Pope Clement VII ● Henry began to dissolve the structures of the Roman Catholic Church in England, especially the monasteries and abbeys. He took all their wealth into the Royal Treasury ● Thomas Cranmer had been appointed Archbishop of Canterbury by Henry VIII and Clement VII. As a supporter of Henry, he was also excommunicated ● In 1543 Henry VIII married his last wife, Catherine Parr, who was a supporter of his

Beliefs of the Church of England ● There were many similarities between the Roman Catholic and Anglican (Church of England) Church, especially in the early years. ● The Church of England believes it is part of the one, true, catholic* and apostolic faith ● The Apostles’, Nicene and Athanasian Creeds are part of the Faith ● 39 Articles of Faith are at the heart of the beliefs of the Church ● The Book of Common Prayer is a key source of the doctrine of the Church of England

The Church of Ireland ● Founded by an Act of Parliament in England in 1836 which declared Henry VIII Head of the Church on Earth (and in this case Ireland) ● One of 38 members of the Anglican Communion, the Church of Ireland is a self-governing part of the third largest Christian Church in the world, after the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches ● There approximately 385, 000 members of the Church of Ireland, of which 122, 600 live in the Republic of Ireland (Census 2016) ● The Church of Ireland is governed by a Synod who meet annually. It has 650 clerical and lay members, together with the bishops