Hematologic System Chapter 15 Definition Hematologic System encompasses

Hematologic System Chapter 15

Definition Hematologic System: encompasses the production of blood and the transport of blood throughout the body.

Fxns of Blood supplies body tissues with Oxygen Nutrients And various chemicals Blood Transports Waste products to organs for removal Blood also Plays role in endocrine and immune system

Structures of Blood is formed in the bone marrow Hematopoietic To identify components Draw blood: remove Add anticoagulant: keeps from clotting EDTA, heparin Liquid portion Serum Plasma Clotting proteins Fats Formed Elements Erythrocytes Reticulocyte Macrophage Leukocyte Clotting Cells Thromocyte

Test me: Blood Smear Blood specimen on microscope slide Bone Marrow biopsy

Pathology: Hematologic System Anemia Less than normal levels of red blood cells Edema Accumulation of fluid in the intercelluar space Hemorrhage Loss of blood (in a short period of time) Leukemia Elevation in the number of maligant white blood cells

Lymphatic System Fxns Part of the immune system Returns excess lymph to the blood Absorbs fats and fat soluble vitamins

Lymphatic Structures Lymph Fluid Interstitial fluid Baths and nourishes cells between organ Lymph Formed when interstitial fluid moves into capillaries Brings nutrients and hormones to cells and carries waste away Always goes towards the thoracic cavity Lymph Vessels Similar to veins (have valves to prevent back flow) Lymph Nodes Bean shaped structures Filter Lymph (waste products etc) to remove viruses Cells are destroyed here by B and T cells Located throughout the body

Lymphatic Structures continued Tonsils Masses of lymphatic tissue Protect nose and cranial (upper) throat portions Described according to location Spleen Located in the cranial abdomen Filters material from the blood Stores red blood cells Maintains balance of cells and plasma in the blood Thymus Immune fxn Develops T cells

Immune System Fxn Protects the body from harmful substances Encompasses many structures throughout the body Specialized Cells Lymphocyte (T and B) White blood cell, involved in response works against antigens Located in: spleen, thymus, bone marrow T Lymphocytes: circulate, produced in bone marrow, Kills organisms on contact Plasma cell / Plasmocytes Produces and secretes specific antibody for specific antigen (foreign material)

Immune Response Overview

Pathology : Immune/Lymphatic Allergy Overreaction by the body to a particular anitgen Anaphylazis Severe response to a foreign substance Autoimmune Disease Body makes antibodies directed toward itself Immunosuppression Reduction or decrease in the state of resistance (more likely to get sick)

Oncology Study of tumors Malignant: cancerous Metastasis: pathogenic growth in different sites of body Benign: non- cancerous Tumor=neoplasm: abnormal rapid growth of cells Tumors described by appearance Pedunculated: stalk bearing Well-circumscribed: defined boarders Invasive: spreading without boarders

Oncology Procedures: Chemotherapy Radiation Therapy Surgical excision Pathology Blastoma: neoplasm of undifferentiated cells Lymphoma: neoplasm composed of lymphoid tissue Melanoma: neoplasm of melanin-pigmented cells Osteosarcoma: malignant neoplasm composed of bone

Activities Chapter 15 Explanation of blood structures and elements Fig 15 -1 Diagram of lymph nodes (location) and what they are responsible for Fig 15 -9 Pictorial representation of immune system response Define terminology used when discussing the immune system pg 323